Long noncoding RNA AFAP1‑AS1 has been shown to promote tumor progression in several human cancer types, such as thyroid cancer, tongue squamous cell carcinoma and lung cancer. However, the role of ...AFAP1‑AS1 in osteosarcoma (OS) has not been investigated. In the present study, the expression of AFAP1‑AS1 was significantly upregulated in OS tissues and cell lines. Moreover, AFAP1‑AS1 expression was negatively correlated with OS patient prognosis. Besides, AFAP1‑AS1 knockdown significantly inhibited the proliferation and invasion of OS cells in vitro. Furthermore, in vivo xenograft experiments indicated that AFAP1‑AS1 depletion delayed tumor growth. Regarding the underlying mechanism, AFAP1‑AS1 served as a sponge to repress the level of microRNA (miR)‑4695‑5p, which targeted transcription factor (TCF)4, a pivot effector of Wnt/β‑catenin signaling pathway. It was demonstrated that overexpression of AFAP1‑AS1 inhibited the expression of miR‑4695‑5p, while miR‑4695‑5p overexpression decreased TCF4 expression and reduced activation of Wnt/β‑catenin pathway. Through rescue assays, it was demonstrated that restoration of TCF4 expression reversed the effects of AFAP1‑AS1 knockdown or miR‑4695‑5p overexpression on OS cells. Taken together, these findings demonstrated that the AFAP1‑AS1/miR‑4695‑5p/TCF4‑β‑catenin axis played an important role in OS progression.
Solvothermal reaction of a semirigid tricarboxylic acid with Cu(NO3)2·3H2O gives rise to a robust microporous metal‐organic framework with the formula {Cu2(OH)bcb(DMF)2(H2O)3}n (1) H3bcb = ...3,5‐bis((4′‐carboxylbenzyl)‐oxy)benzoic acid, DMF = N,N‐dimethylformamide. Its structure was determined by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction analysis and further characterized by elemental analysis, powder X‐ray diffraction (PXRD), and thermogravimetric (TG) analyses. The efficient encapsulation of an anticancer drug 5‐fluorouracil (5‐Fu) on the desolvated 1 (1a) was studied by both grand canonical Monte Carlo (GCMC) simulation and drug release experiments. In addition, in vitro anticancer activity of compounds 1 and 5‐Fu loaded 1a were also evaluated using MTT assay.
A high-voltage SOI-LIGBT with high turn-off speed and low turn-off loss (E OFF ) is proposed in this paper. The proposed SOI-LIGBT features a Low-doped Buried N-layer (LBN) region and an emitter-side ...Electric Potential Modulation Trench (EPMT) shorted with the P+ emitter. By employing the LBN and EPMT, fast extraction of the stored carrier and the high turn-off speed are realized due to the accelerated depletion of N-drift region. The simulated results show that the proposed SOI-LIGBT can achieve a 73% lower turn-off loss compared with the conventional SOI-LIGBT at the same V ON of 1.52V. Moreover, the hole heat flux distribution in the proposed device predicts an improvement of ruggedness under high-voltage and high-current conditions.
In this paper, a novel 600 V PiN diode for fast recovery is proposed and the operation mechanism as well as the high dynamic ruggedness of the device are analyzed in detail. The proposed structure ...features the alternating P/N region with partial recessed P region at anode side and the P Schottky as well as the N Schottky contacts at both sides. In on-state, the carrier injection efficiency can be modulated by adjusting the work function of the anode P Schottky contact (WSA), which is based on MSC (Metal-Semiconductor-Contacts) concept. As a result, the fast recovery is realized due to the reduced amount of the stored carriers and the shortened carrier extraction path. In off-state, the leakage current can be effectively suppressed attributed to the rapid pinch-off of the depletion layer. The forward voltage drop (VF) and the reverse recovery time (trr) of the proposed structure can be adjusted by changing the depth of the P Schottky contact (tra) on the sidewall, without sacrificing the breakdown voltage (BV). The proposed structure achieves a trr of 75ns which is 45.7% and 33% lower than that of the conventional PiN and the MPS structure at the same VF of 0.965 V, respectively. Moreover, the total amount of holes in the N buffer layer can be supplemented by adjusting the work function of the cathode N Schottky contact (WSC) during reverse recovery, resulting in a high-dynamic ruggedness with suppressed voltage oscillation and voltage overshoot.
•In on-state, the carrier injection efficiency can be modulated by adjusting the work function of the anode Schottky contact.•In off-state, the leakage current can be effectively suppressed attributed to the rapid pinch-off of the depletion layer.•The fast recovery is realized due to the reduced amount of the stored carriers and the shortened carrier extraction path.•The suppressed voltage oscillation and voltage overshoot is realized due to the existence of cathode Schottky contact.
A high-speed and high-ruggedness 600V PiN diode with the recessed anode and the double-side Schottky is presented. In on-state, the recessed anode shortens the electron current path from the i-layer ...to the anode electrode and the P- Schottky contact lowers the electron barrier, which reduces the hole injection efficiency at the anode side effectively. The fast recovery is realized due to the reduced amount of the stored carrier and the shortened carrier extraction path. The proposed structure achieves a reverse recovery time (t rr ) of 81ns which is improved by 43% comparing with the conventional structure at the same forward voltage drop (V F ) of 0.99V. Moreover, the high dynamic ruggedness of reverse recovery can be achieved by extra hole injection from the N-buffer surface through the N Schottky contact.
In this paper, we have proposed an enlightening and feasible process concept for irradiated Super-Junction Vertical Diffusion Metal Oxide Semiconductor (SJ-VDMOS) to realize fast reverse recovery of ...its body diode and maintain the stable threshold voltage for the first time. Twice epitaxy is adopted in this process concept. The electron irradiation is performed after the first epitaxy, and then the second epitaxy is conducted. Silicon etching and p-pillar refilling will be done afterwards. The fast reverse recovery of body diode is obtained by introducing the deep energy levels in the drift region, and the stable threshold voltage (V TH ) can be achieved due to the p-body region and the gate oxide are not suffered from electron irradiation. Combining experimental results with simulated verification, this process concept presents a huge potential of realizing high reliability and high stability among irradiated devices.
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•A novel 2D/2D heterostructure was developed.•The heterostructure plays a synergistic adsorption-electrocatalysis role.•The heterostructure exhibits a superior reversible ...capacity.•The heterostructure has remarkable cycling stability.
The shuttle effect of polysulfides and sluggish reaction kinetics have become current major obstacles for the development of lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries. Herein, a novel 2D/2D heterostructure, consisting of ultrathin Ni-Co MOFs with rich unsaturated metal sites and conductive Ti3C2Tx nanosheets (Ti3C2Tx/Ni-Co MOF), is developed as a multifunctional barrier coated on commercial separators for Li-S batteries. Based on the synergistic adsorption-electrocatalysis, the modified separators not only suppress the dissolution of polysulfides and promote their conversion effectively, but also accelerate the electron/ion transfer. Moreover, density functional theory results further confirm that the heterostructure has strong adsorption energy for polysulfides and low energy barriers for their conversion. Li-S batteries with the Ti3C2Tx/Ni-Co MOF heterostructure modified separators exhibit an excellent reversible capacity of 1260 mAh g−1 at 0.2C and a remarkable cycling stability with capacity retention of 91.1 % at 0.5C after 350 cycles. When equipped with high sulfur loading of 5.8 mg cm−2 and low electrolyte/sulfur ratio of 4 uL mg−1, the cell maintains a superior capacity. This work provides a new route to the design of modified separators for high performance Li-S batteries with especially remarkable cycling stability.
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•Gradients in white mica wavelength are associated with specific rock units.•White mica wavelength is corresponding with geochemical results.•The clusters of white mica wavelength ...show the stages of mineralization.•The middle and longer wavelength of white mica are implication for exploration.
Field measurement of the short-wave infrared (SWIR) reflectance from drill hole samples proved to be an effective method to map variations in white mica composition (Tschermak substitution) associated with hydrothermal alteration zonation of the Jiama porphyry-skarn Cu deposit, Tibetan Plateau, China. This SWIR mineral spectral information provides geological insights into: (a) the possible nature of the related magmatic intrusions. (b) the physicochemistry of the associated hydrothermal fluids; (c) the interactions between these fluids and country rocks; and (d) potential vectors to economic mineralization. The results suggest that the Al-OH band wavelength of white mica can used as an indicator in the subsequent steps of prospecting.
Wind power interval prediction is an effective technique for quantifying forecasting uncertainty caused by the intermittent and fluctuant characteristics of wind energy. Valid coverage and short ...interval length are the two most critical targets in interval prediction to attain reliable and accurate information, providing effective support for decision-makers to better control the risks in the power planning. This paper proposes a novel interval prediction approach named conformalized temporal convolutional quantile regression networks (CTCQRN) which combines the conformalized quantile regression (CQR) algorithm with a temporal convolutional network (TCN), without making any distributional assumptions. The proposed model inherits the advantages of quantile regression and conformal prediction that is fully adaptive to heteroscedasticity implicated in data, and meets the theoretical guarantee of valid coverage. As opposed to conventional RNN-based approaches, the adopted TCN architecture frees from suffering iterative propagation and gradient vanishing/explosion, and can handle very long sequences in a parallel manner. Case studies on two different geographical wind power datasets show that the proposed model has a distinct edge over benchmark models in goals of valid coverage and narrow interval bandwidth, which can help to ensure the economic and secure operation of the electric power system.
•A novel interval prediction model for wind power is proposed.•The TCN architecture is used to output the initial upper and lower bounds of the prediction intervals (PIs).•The conformalized quantile regression (CQR) algorithm is applied to calibrate the original prediction interval.•The proposal is adaptive to heteroscedasticity and shortens the generated PIs while satisfying the coverage requirement.
To predict potential medical value or toxicity of nanoparticles (NPs), it is necessary to understand the chemical transformation during intracellular processes of NPs. However, it is a grand ...challenge to capture a high-resolution image of metallic NPs in a single cell and the chemical information on intracellular NPs. Here, by integrating synchrotron radiation-beam transmission X-ray microscopy (SR-TXM) and SR-X-ray absorption near edge structure (SR-XANES) spectroscopy, we successfully capture the 3D distribution of silver NPs (AgNPs) inside a single human monocyte (THP-1), associated with the chemical transformation of silver. The results reveal that the cytotoxicity of AgNPs is largely due to the chemical transformation of particulate silver from elemental silver (Ag0) n , to Ag+ ions and Ag–O–, then Ag–S– species. These results provide direct evidence in the long-lasting debate on whether the nanoscale or the ionic form dominates the cytotoxicity of silver nanoparticles. Further, the present approach provides an integrated strategy capable of exploring the chemical origins of cytotoxicity in metallic nanoparticles.
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