Microseismic monitoring technology has become an important technique to assess stability of rock mass in metal mines. Due to the special characteristics of underground metal mines in China, including ...the high tectonic stress, irregular shape and existence of ore body, and complex mining methods, the application of microseismic technology is more diverse in China compared to other countries, and is more challenging than in other underground structures such as tunnels, hydropower stations and coal mines. Apart from assessing rock mass stability and ground pressure hazards induced by mining process, blasting, water inrush and large scale goaf, microseismic technology is also used to monitor illegal mining, and track personnel location during rescue work. Moreover, microseismic data have been used to optimize mining parameters in some metal mines. The technology is increasingly used to investigate cracking mechanism in the design of rock mass supports. In this paper, the application, research development and related achievements of microseismic technology in underground metal mines in China are summarized. By considering underground mines from the perspective of informatization, automation and intelligentization, future studies should focus on intelligent microseismic data processing method, e.g., signal identification of microseismic and precise location algorithm, and on the research and development of microseismic equipment. In addition, integrated monitoring and collaborative analysis for rock mass response caused by mining disturbance will have good prospects for future development.
Electrospun (e-spun) nanofibers for wound dressing have attracted wide attention due to its large specific surface area, large porosity and breathability. Compared with solution electrospinning ...(e-spinning), melt e-spinning is more bio-friendly without toxic solvent participation, which provides the possibility of in situ e-spinning on wounds directly. However, previously reported melt e-spinning devices were usually bulky and cumbersome due to their necessary heating unit, and different components were separated to avoid electrostatic interference.
In this article, we report on a self-powered hand-held melt e-spinning gun which can work without any external power supply (outdoors). The problem of electrostatic interference for this integrated device was solved by using a special high heat transfer insulation unit. The apparatus is easy and safe to operate by a single hand due to its small volume (24 × 6 × 13 cm
) and light weight (about 450 g). Some biodegradable polymers, for example, polycaprolactone (PCL) fibers were successful e-spun onto wounds directly by using this dressing gun.
PCL fibrous membrane has good biocompatibility and can be in situ electrospun to wound surface as a wound dressing by the portable melt e-spinning gun. Besides wound dressing, this hand-held melt e-spinning gun may be used in 3D printing and experimental teaching demonstration aids.
Background and Aims: Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a global and complex public health challenge, and dietary management is acknowledged as critical in its prevention. Recent studies have highlighted the ...involvement of micronutrients in T2D pathophysiology; our study aims to assess the association between B vitamin intake and T2D risks and the mediating role of inflammation. Methods: In a prospective cohort design, data on B vitamins intake, including thiamine (B1), riboflavin (B2), niacin (B3), pyridoxine (B6), folate (B9), and cobalamin (B12), was obtained using a validated food frequency questionnaire (FFQ), and blood inflammatory biomarkers were analyzed according to standard protocol in the local hospitals at baseline from 44,960 adults in the Shanghai Suburban Adult Cohort and Biobank (SSACB). Incident T2D cases were identified according to a physician’s diagnosis or medication records from the electronic medical information system. We employed logistic and weighted quantile sum regression models to explore the associations of single and combined levels of B vitamins with T2D and mediation analyses to investigate the effects of inflammation. Results: Negative correlations between B vitamins and T2D were observed in the single-exposure models, except for B3. The analyses of joint exposure (B1, B2, B6, B9, and B12) also showed an inverse association (OR 0.80, 95% CI 0.71 to 0.88), with vitamin B6 accounting for 45.58% of the effects. Further mediation analysis indicated a mediating inflammatory impact, accounting for 6.72% of the relationship. Conclusions: Dietary intake of B vitamins (B1, B2, B6, B9, B12) was associated with a reduced T2D risk partially mediated by inflammation in Shanghai residents.
To tackle the network congestion problem caused by ground gateway stations arranged within a limited area in low earth orbit (LEO) satellite networks, a routing algorithm based on segment routing for ...traffic return is proposed. Light and heavy load zones are dynamically divided according to the relative position relationship between gateways and the reverse slot. The pre-balancing shortest path algorithm is used in the light load zone, and the minimum weight path defined by congestion index is the routing rule in the heavy load zone. Then, the consistent forwarding is performed referring to segment routing in all zones. Simulation conditions are different sizes of heavy load zone, different traffic density distributions, and different traffic demands. Simulation results confirm that the load-balancing performance is improved significantly with the extension of the heavy load zone size in terms of the average rejection ratio, the average relative throughput, the maximum link utilization, and the average delay. The proposed algorithm is an alternative solution and guidance for routing strategy in LEO satellite networks.
Treating persistent, recurrent, or metastatic cervical cancer remains challenging. Although pembrolizumab, combined with chemotherapy and bevacizumab, offers a promising first-line option, its ...cost-effectiveness within the Chinese healthcare system has not been established.
A partitioned survival model was constructed using patient data from the KEYNOTE-826 trial. Efficacy, safety, and economic data from both trial and real-world practices were utilized to determine the costs, quality-adjusted life years (QALYs), and incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) of the treatment strategies. Comprehensive insights were gained through the sensitivity and subgroup analyses.
Over five years, the combination of pembrolizumab, chemotherapy, and bevacizumab offered an additional 1.18 QALYs compared to that provided by standard treatments. This regimen increased the costs by US$ 134,502.57, resulting in an ICER of US$ 114,275.67 per QALY, relative to traditional treatment costs. The ICER for the pembrolizumab regimen was further calibrated to be US$ 52,765.69 per QALY. Both ICER values surpassed China's established willingness-to-pay threshold. Importantly, subgroup analysis revealed enhanced cost-effectiveness in patients presenting with a programmed death-ligand 1 combined positive score (PD-L1 CPS) ≥10.
Introducing pembrolizumab alongside chemotherapy and bevacizumab may not be a cost-effective primary strategy for advanced cervical cancer against current standards. However, for patients with a PD-L1 CPS ≥10, the therapeutic and economic outcomes could be improved by adjusting the pembrolizumab price.
The benefits and risks of starting anticoagulation therapy, such as direct oral anticoagulations (DOACs) or warfarin, in atrial fibrillation (AF) patients with a history of intracranial hemorrhage ...(ICH) remain controversial. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to compare the safety and efficacy of starting oral anticoagulation (OAC) and non-oral anticoagulation in these patients.
PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Embase were searched from inception to 01 May 2022 for randomized controlled trials and cohort studies, reporting effectiveness and safety outcomes for anticoagulation therapy in atrial fibrillation patients with intracranial hemorrhage. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) and the Cochrane Collaboration tool were used to evaluate bias risks for all randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and cohort studies. An effects model was applied to calculate adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) for randomized controlled trials and cohort studies.
We analyzed data from two randomized controlled trials (304 patients) and seven Cohort studies (17,477 patients). Compared to non-oral anticoagulation, starting oral anticoagulation therapy reduced the risk of Ischemic Stroke/Systemic Embolism (SE) (aHR: 0.64, 95% CI: 0.55-0.57) and all-cause death (aHR: 0.53, 95% CI: 0.35-0.80) in atrial fibrillation patients and a prior history intracranial hemorrhage. Starting oral anticoagulation therapy did not increase the risk of recurrent intracranial hemorrhage (aHR: 1.07, 95% CI: 0.66-1.74), but increased the risk of major bleeding (aHR: 1.38, 95% CI: 1.00-1.91) than no oral anticoagulation therapy. The DOACs had a lower risk of Ischemic Stroke/SE (aHR: 0.84, 95% CI: 0.70-1.00), recurrent intracranial hemorrhage (aHR: 0.63, 95% CI: 0.49-0.82), and all-cause death (aHR: 0.65, 95% CI: 0.48-0.88) compared to warfarin. According to subgroup analyses, starting oral anticoagulation therapy have a higher risk of recurrent intracranial hemorrhage than non-oral anticoagulation therapy (aHR: 1.57, 95% CI: 1.36-1.81) for Asians.
After intracranial hemorrhage in atrial fibrillation patients, restarting or initiating oral anticoagulation therapy decreased the risk of Ischemic Stroke/SE and all-cause death but did not increase the risk for recurrent intracranial hemorrhage. Direct oral anticoagulations have better efficacy and safety than warfarin if oral anticoagulation therapy is started. However, starting oral anticoagulation increases the risk for recurrent intracranial hemorrhage in the Asian region.
Objectives
This study aimed to establish a neural‐related gene risk score (NRGRS) for the prediction of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma prognosis and explore its predictive value on the benefit ...of immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy.
Methods
Based on the transcriptome data of HNSCC patients (n = 546) from The Cancer Genome Atlas database, 37 neural‐related hub genes were identified by weighted gene co‐expression network analysis. Four genes (ITGA5, PYGM, GNG7 and ATP2A3) were identified to construct NRGRS using Lasso‐Cox regression method based on the derivation cohort and validated in the Gene Expression Omnibus cohort (n = 109). The survival analysis was performed to validate the prognostic value of NRGRS and immune characteristics in NRGRS‐defined subgroups were analyzed.
Results
NRGRS‐high patients had a worse overall survival than NRGRS‐low patients. Tumors with high NRGRS were more likely to have high infiltration of naive CD4+ T cells, M0, M2 macrophages and resting mast cells, which illustrated suppressive immunity and less benefit from immunotherapy therapy.
Conclusion
NRGRS strongly correlates with survival and is a promising biomarker to predict immunotherapy benefits for head and neck cancer patients. This study provides evidence for the potential correlation between neural‐related transcriptome alteration and immune activity.
•We get the analytical solution of the power spectrum of the voltage fluctuation driven by a single nACh receptor.•For the first time, it is revealed that the voltage fluctuations show the 1/ω4-type ...noise, which is different from the commonly known 1/ω2 noise.•The results may be used to infer the kinetic structures of the receptor; and the analytical method can be applied to other kinds of ligand-gated channels.
Being the primary mean of translating the chemical signal into the electric signal in neuromuscular junction, the nACh receptor is the first kind of ligand-gated channel that its kinetic structure has been known clearly. The next problem is to know quantitatively how it works in a living system. In this paper, we construct a piece-wise deterministic process to mimic the membrane voltage fluctuation driven by a single nACh receptor. The power spectrum of the voltage fluctuation is solved analytically, which reveals the 1/ω4-type noise.
PurposeDefects in concrete surfaces are inevitably recurring during construction, which needs to be checked and accepted during construction and completion. Traditional manual inspection of surface ...defects requires inspectors to judge, evaluate and make decisions, which requires sufficient experience and is time-consuming and labor-intensive, and the expertise cannot be effectively preserved and transferred. In addition, the evaluation standards of different inspectors are not identical, which may lead to cause discrepancies in inspection results. Although computer vision can achieve defect recognition, there is a gap between the low-level semantics acquired by computer vision and the high-level semantics that humans understand from images. Therefore, computer vision and ontology are combined to achieve intelligent evaluation and decision-making and to bridge the above gap.Design/methodology/approachCombining ontology and computer vision, this paper establishes an evaluation and decision-making framework for concrete surface quality. By establishing concrete surface quality ontology model and defect identification quantification model, ontology reasoning technology is used to realize concrete surface quality evaluation and decision-making.FindingsComputer vision can identify and quantify defects, obtain low-level image semantics, and ontology can structurally express expert knowledge in the field of defects. This proposed framework can automatically identify and quantify defects, and infer the causes, responsibility, severity and repair methods of defects. Through case analysis of various scenarios, the proposed evaluation and decision-making framework is feasible.Originality/valueThis paper establishes an evaluation and decision-making framework for concrete surface quality, so as to improve the standardization and intelligence of surface defect inspection and potentially provide reusable knowledge for inspecting concrete surface quality. The research results in this paper can be used to detect the concrete surface quality, reduce the subjectivity of evaluation and improve the inspection efficiency. In addition, the proposed framework enriches the application scenarios of ontology and computer vision, and to a certain extent bridges the gap between the image features extracted by computer vision and the information that people obtain from images.
This paper presents the hysteretic behavior of square concrete-filled steel tubular (CFT) stub columns with binding bars. A total of ten square CFT stub columns including eight specimens with binding ...bars and two specimens without binding bars were tested under constant axial load and cyclic lateral loads. The effects of the axial load level and the spacing of binding bars on the hysteretic behavior were investigated carefully. Experimental results demonstrate that the specimens with binding bars show higher lateral bearing capacity, higher stiffness, higher ultimate deformation capacity and better energy-dissipation capacity compared with those without binding bars. In addition, the initial local buckling for specimens with binding bars is significantly delayed by the binding bars. Furthermore, the lateral bearing capacity, the ultimate deformation capacity, the energy-dissipation capacity and the stiffness of the specimens with binding bars are significantly improved with the spacing of binding bars decreasing. The ultimate deformation capacity decreases with an increase in axial load levels while the energy-dissipation capacity increases with an increase in axial load levels. Finally, the fiber element analysis for all specimens is carried out. The calculated envelope curves and the calculated hysteretic curves of the specimens by the fiber element analysis are in good agreement with the experimental results.
•The hysteretic behavior of square CFT with binding bars is investigated.•10 square CFTs including 8 with binding bars and 2 without were tested under constant axial load and cyclic lateral loads.•The effects of the axial load level and the binding bar spacing on the hysteretic behavior were investigated.
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