Leishmaniasis is a group of infectious diseases transmitted to humans during vector bites and caused by protozoans of the genus Leishmania. Conventional therapies face challenges due to their serious ...side effects, prompting research into new anti-leishmania agents. In this context, we investigated the effectiveness of morolic acid, a pentacyclic triterpene, on L. amazonensis promastigotes and amastigotes. The present study employed the MTT assay, cytokine analysis using optEIATM kits, an H2DCFDA test, and nitric oxide dosage involving nitrite production and Griess reagent. Morolic acid inhibited promastigote and axenic amastigote growth forms at IC50 values of 1.13 µM and 2.74 µM, respectively. For cytotoxicity to macrophages and VERO cells, morolic acid obtained respective CC50 values of 68.61 µM and 82.94 µM. The compound causes damage to the parasite membrane, leading to cellular leakage. In the infection assay, there was a decrease in parasite load, resulting in a CI50 of 2.56 µM. This effect was associated with immunomodulatory activity, altering macrophage structural and cellular parasite elimination mechanisms. Morolic acid proved to be an effective and selective natural compound, making it a strong candidate for future in vivo studies in cutaneous leishmaniasis.
ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of three different grazing systems: isolated, alternate and simultaneous, on feed intake, performance and carcass characteristics of sheep. ...About 5.2 ha area of Tanzania grass (Panicum maximun Jacq cultivate Tanzania) was divided into 13 paddocks. This area was used as a stocking rate of two animal units (AU) per ha for 7 days’ occupation and 21 days rest. A total number of 58 animals were used consisting of 12 heifers and 30 Santa Ines lambs with the addition of 16 adult ewes that were used to stabilize grazing pressure in the isolated system. The sheep were fed on 200 g per head per day of concentrate and cattle 2 kg per head per day. The parameters determined were the following: weekly weight (WW), total live weight gain (LWG) and mean daily weight gain (MDW). Also dry matter intake was estimated 84 days after the start of the experiment using external indicators (Purified and Enriched Lignin) in addition to carcass traits and composition which were also estimated. The result obtained for carcass composition revealed that the muscle:bone ratio and bone percentage were better in the alternate system. Moreover, the simultaneous and isolated systems showed higher lamb performance than the alternate system, while there was no effect on dry matter intake. Furthermore, there was no difference of the different systems on carcass traits and feed intake of sheep. Nevertheless, the simultaneous grazing system showed better sheep performance than the alternate grazing system.
The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of different concentrations of calcium on growth and development of silver vase bromeliad (Aechmea fasciata). Plants were fertilized three times a week ...with nutrient solutions formulated with HA solution (Hoagland and Arnon, 1950) modified with 0.25, 2.5, 5, 7.5, 10.0 or 12.5 mM Ca applied into the tank. After 90 days of experimentation, biometric and biomass measurements of root and shoot systems, and chemical analysis of leaves were assessed. The results showed that the concentration of 12.5 mM Ca in nutrient solution is recommended for silver vase bromeliad fertilization.
The incidence of stroke is on the rise in young adults in high-income countries. However, there is a gap of knowledge about trends in stroke incidence in young adults from low- and middle-income ...countries. We aimed to measure trends in incidence of ischemic stroke (IS) and intracerebral hemorrhage (IH) in young people from 2005 to 2015 in Joinville, Brazil.
We retrospectively ascertained all first-ever IS subtypes and IH that occurred in Joinville in the periods of 2005 to 2006, 2010 to 2011, and 2014 to 2015. Poisson regression was used to calculate incidence rate ratios of all strokes, IS, and IH. We also compared the prevalence of risk factors and extension of diagnostic work-up across the 3 periods.
For 10 years, we registered 2483 patients (7.5% aged <45 years). From 2005 to 2006 to 2014 to 2015, overall stroke incidence significantly increased by 62% (incidence rate ratios, 1.62; 95% confidence interval, 1.10-2.40) in subjects <45 years and by 29% in those <55 years (incidence rate ratios, 1.29; 95% confidence interval, 1.04-1.60). Incidence of IS increased by 66% (incidence rate ratios, 1.66; 95% confidence interval, 1.09-2.54), but there was no significant change in incidence of IH in subjects <45 years. Smoking rates decreased by 71% (odds ratio, 0.29; 95% confidence interval, 0.12-0.68).
Stroke incidence is rising in young adults in Joinville, Brazil, because of increase in rates of ischemic but not hemorrhagic strokes. We urgently need better policies of cardiovascular prevention in the young.
Introduction:
Schwannomas—Schwann cells–originating tumors—may develop in many locations. However, primary schwannomas arising within lymph nodes are extremely rare, with only a few cases described ...to this date in the English literature. For the intranodal location, most of the cases are described in the abdominal cavity. In these cases, clinicians may consider and check for familial disorders, such as neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2) and schwannomatosis also called neurofibromatosis type 3. Schwannomas are benign neoplasms. Histologically, differential diagnosis for spindle-cell lesions in lymph nodes is important and must be done carefully, mainly because they may be attributable to metastatic disease. We report a case of a primary schwannoma arising in a cervical lymph node.
Background:
Primary schwannomas arising within lymph nodes are extremely rare, with only a few cases reported. Since they are benign neoplasms, the differential diagnosis with other intranodal spindle cell lesions, mostly malignant, is important.
Methods:
An asymptomatic 69-year-old woman, previously submitted to left hemithyroidectomy for a benign folicular nodule, underwent thyroidectomy totalization following the identification of a large thyroid nodule in routine evaluation.
Results:
Gross and microscopic examination and ancillary studies were consistent with the diagnosis of intranodal schwannoma. The patient had acquired bilateral hypoacusia. Therefore, type 2 neurofibromatosis was considered and vestibular schwannomas ruled out.
Conclusion:
Herein, we present the second case of a primary schwannoma in a cervical lymph node reported so far. The relevance of the differential diagnosis is highlighted.
O objetivo das discussões arroladas neste texto é o de apontar o perfil institucional e docente do Instituto Federal do Paraná - IFPR, bem como discutir suas políticas de ensino, pesquisa e extensão. ...Paralelamente, são apresentados os principais índices de produção técnica e acadêmica que têm alavancado a instituição e preparado terreno para a futura proposta de Mestrado Profissional. Evidencia-se, com os dados levantados, que a CAPES tem investido na Rede Federal Tecnológica, contexto no qual o IFPR busca implantar seu Programa de Pós-Graduação Stricto sensu para contribuir com a qualidade profissional da sociedade paranaense e brasileira.
Context: Medicinal plants encompass a rich source of active compounds that can neutralize snake venoms or toxins. Costus spicatus (Jacq.) Sw. (Costaceae) is used by the Amazonian population to treat ...inflammation, pain and other pathological manifestations.
Objective: To evaluate the influence of C. spicatus aqueous extract on edema, peritonitis, nociception, coagulation, haemorrhage and indirect haemolytic activity induced by Bothrops atrox venom (BAV).
Materials and methods: Dried and pulverized leaves were extracted with distilled water. Envenoming was induced by administration of B. atrox snake venom in Swiss Webster mice. The experimental groups consisted of BAV (at the minimum dose to induce measurable biological responses) and C. spicatus extract (CSE, 1.25, 2.5, 5.0, 7.5 and 10 mg/kg/25 μl phosphate-buffered saline) administered individually and in combination (BAVCSE). PBS was used as a control. In vitro assays were also conducted in order to evaluate phospholipase A2 coagulant activities (indirect haemolytic method).
Results: CSE significantly reduced the venom-induced edema and nociception at all concentrations tested and inhibited migration of inflammatory cells at the three least concentrations (5.0, 7.5 and 10 mg/kg/25 μl PBS). CSE was not effective in inhibiting coagulant, haemorrhagic and indirect haemolytic activities of the venom.
Discussion and conclusion: The data suggest that CSE could exhibit a central mechanism for pain inhibition, and may also inhibit prostaglandin synthesis. These findings corroborate the traditional administration of C. spicatus decoction to treat inflammatory disorders, including those caused by B. atrox envenomation.
PDF
