Distributed computing has risen as a well-known worldview for facilitating an assortment of online applications and services. The present business distributed computing stages utilize a semi ...concentrated design, where cloud resources, such as servers and storage are hosted in a few large global data centers. Virtualization in computing is a creation of virtual (not real) of something such as hardware, software, platform or an operating system or storage, or a network device. Further, Virtual Machine (VM) technology has recently emerged as an essential building block for data centers and cluster systems, mainly due to its capabilities of isolating, consolidating, and migrating workload. Migration of VM seeks to improve the manageability, performance, and fault tolerance of systems. In a virtual cloud computing environment, a set of submitted tasks from different users are scheduled on a set of Virtual Machines (VMs), and load balancing has become a critical issue for achieving energy efficiency. Thus to solve this issue and to achieve a good load balance, a new improved optimization algorithm is introduced namely Dual Conditional Moth Flame Algorithm (DC-MFA) that takes into account of proposed multi-objective functions defining the multi-constraints like CPU utilization, energy consumption, security, make span, migration cost, and resource cost. The performance of the proposed model will be analyzed by determining migration cost, energy consumption, and response time, and security analysis as well.
Pyrazole, a five membered heteroaromatic ring with two nitrogen atoms is of immense significance. Presence of this nucleus in the pharmacological agents of diverse therapeutic categories viz. ...antianxiety, anti-inflammatory, antipsychotic, anticancer, antiobesity, analgesic, antipyretic etc. has made it an indispensable anchor for design and development of new pharmacological agents. Owing to the development of novel and new pyrazole based therapeutic agents at a faster pace, there is a need to couple the latest information with previously available information to understand status of this moiety in medicinal chemistry research. The review herein highlights the therapeutic worth of pyrazole derivatives. Several therapeutically active pyrazole based derivatives developed by numerous scientists across the globe are reported here.
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•Pyrazole: Five membered heterocyclic ring with diverse pharmacological activities.•Provides an overview of various established and reported drugs containing pyrazole moiety.•Helpful for researchers planning to work on.
Due to the drawbacks of the many-to-many search model for accessing digital records in institutional settings like offices, hospitals, and government agencies, the paper proposes a searchable ...attribute-based cryptosystem scheme that uses the concept of blockchain technology that provides for authentication and self-validation, and can be applied to secure digital document sharing systems. By keeping the ciphertext document on the cloud, the index on the blockchain, and the smart contract handling the searching of documents, it helps lighten the cloud's computing load. Data integrity and privacy are also guaranteed by this technique, as is the veracity of the findings supplied by the cloud server. The strategy may be used to get rid of redundant information and save space in cloud storage. The concealment of access policy also ensures the privacy of its users. The security study demonstrates that the suggested system protects the privacy of user information and the secrecy of digital document data against adaptively chosen-keyword attacks. Experiments and analysis of performance show that the suggested technique improves upon previous approaches in terms of securing indexes, token generation, efficiency of searching, and verification of results; as a consequence, it is better suited for search situations where a many-to-many search approach is required. It allows for secure and efficient collaboration on electronic documents between departments and external parties.
Abstract
India became one of the most COVID-19 affected countries with more than 4 million infected cases and 71,000 deaths by September 2020. We studied the temporal dynamics and geographic ...distribution of SARS-CoV-2 subtypes in India. Moreover, we analysed the RGD motif and D614G mutation in the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2. We used a previously proposed viral subtyping method based upon informative subtype markers (ISMs). The ISMs were identified on the basis of information entropy using 94,515 genome sequences of SARS-CoV-2 available publicly at the Global Initiative on Sharing All Influenza Data (GISAID). We identified 11 distinct positions in the SARS-CoV-2 genomes for defining ISMs resulting in 798 unique ISMs. The most abundant ISM in India was transferred from European countries. In contrast, the second most abundant ISM in India was found to be transferred via Australia. Moreover, the eastern regions in India were infected by the ISM most abundant in China due to geographical linkage. Our analysis confirmed higher rates of new cases in the countries abundant with S-G614 strain compared to countries with abundant S-D614 strain. In India, overall S-G614 was most prevalent compared to S-D614, except a few regions including New Delhi, Bihar, and Rajasthan.
This paper proposes an effective quantum computing method that integrates secure cloud access and quantum key distribution (QKD) to ensure secure access to cloud resources. The proposed method ...employs a quantum circuit to implement a secure cloud access protocol that utilizes QKD to distribute a secret key between the cloud user and the service provider. The secret key encrypts all parties’ access requests, response messages, and data. The security of the proposed method is analyzed against various types of attacks, including intercept-resend, man-in-the-middle, and eavesdropping. The simulation results indicate that the proposed method offers significant protection against such attacks. It can potentially provide a secure cloud access platform for various applications, including sensitive data storage, healthcare data management, and other applications that require a high level of security.
The development of novel compounds, hydrazones has shown that they possess a wide variety of biological activities viz. antimicrobial, anticonvulsant, antidepressant, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, ...antiplatelet, antimalarial, anticancer, antifungal, antitubercular, antiviral, cardio protective etc., Hydrazones/azomethines/imines possess-NHN = CH- and constitute an important class of compounds for new drug development. A number of researchers have synthesized and evaluated the biological activities of hydrazones. This review aims at highlighting the diverse biological activities of hydrazones.
Lymph node (LN) targeting through interstitial drainage of nanoparticles (NPs) is an attractive strategy to stimulate a potent immune response, as LNs are the primary site for lymphocyte priming by ...antigen presenting cells (APCs) and triggering of an adaptive immune response. NP size has been shown to influence the efficiency of LN-targeting and retention after subcutaneous injection. For clinical translation, biodegradable NPs are preferred as carrier for vaccine delivery. However, the selective “size gate” for effective LN-drainage, particularly the kinetics of LN trafficking, is less well defined. This is partly due to the challenge in generating size-controlled NPs from biodegradable polymers in the sub-100-nm range. Here, we report the preparation of three sets of poly(lactic-co-glycolic)-b-poly(ethylene-glycol) (PLGA-b-PEG) NPs with number average diameters of 20-, 40-, and 100-nm and narrow size distributions using flash nanoprecipitation. Using NPs labeled with a near-infrared dye, we showed that 20-nm NPs drain rapidly across proximal and distal LNs following subcutaneous inoculation in mice and are retained in LNs more effectively than NPs with a number average diameter of 40-nm. The drainage of 100-nm NPs was negligible. Furthermore, the 20-nm NPs showed the highest degree of penetration around the paracortex region and had enhanced access to dendritic cells in the LNs. Together, these data confirmed that small, size-controlled PLGA-b-PEG NPs at the lower threshold of about 30-nm are most effective for LN trafficking, retention, and APC uptake after s.c. administration. This report could inform the design of LN-targeted NP carrier for the delivery of therapeutic or prophylactic vaccines.
Humans use facial expressions as a tool to show emotional states. Facial expression recognition remains an interesting and challenging area of research in computer vision. An improved deep learning ...approach using a convolution neural network (CNN) is proposed in this paper to predict emotions by analysing facial expressions contained in an image. The model developed in this work consists of one CNN to analyse the primary emotion of the image as being happy or sad and a second CNN to predict the secondary emotion of the image. The proposed model was trained on the FER2013 and Japanese female facial expression (JAFFE) datasets with results suggesting its capability of predicting emotions from facial expressions better than existing state-of-the-art approaches.
Self-emulsifying systems, such as self-emulsifying drug delivery systems (SEDDS) and self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery systems (SNEDDS), particularly used for enhancing the bioavailability of ...hydrophobic drugs. This review comprehensively examines the terminologies and mechanisms involved in self-emulsifying systems. The complex nature of self-emulsification is elucidated, encompassing diffusion, interfacial phenomena, and thermodynamic considerations. Three main mechanisms are explored in this review: diffusion and stranding, negative free energy for nanoemulsion formation, and the liquid crystalline (LC) phases formation at the interface. Diffusion and stranding cause rapid diffusion of water-miscible components, forming fine emulsion droplets. However, it lacks a clear thermodynamic explanation. Concept of negative free energy provides a thermodynamic explanation, while the formation of LC phases at the interface is an intermediary event during diffusion-driven self-emulsification. Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for developing optimum self-emulsifying formulation for pharmaceutical delivery, food bioactive delivery, and cosmetic applications.
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