This paper’s objective optimization problem belongs to the encoding problem of real numbers, and the classical particle swarm optimization algorithm is chosen. The establishment of intelligent ...learning model was finally completed through the assumption of model components, initial model establishment, model cycle evaluation and validation. First, after the implementation of the E-GPPE-C education model, the test was conducted on the educated people, and the AI literacy questionnaire was also distributed to the students before and after the implementation of the model education. Second, a statistical analysis explores which technologies will most likely be applied to higher education. Finally, the variability of higher education subject relations under the influence of AI and related ethical issues were explored. The results show that the highest score on the students’ final test was 96. 20 students scored more than 80 points, indicating that half of the students had a solid grasp of the knowledge and applications related to the E-GPPE-C model, and that there was a vast difference between the degree of AI knowledge and skill mastery before and after the implementation of education. Natural language understanding, computer vision, and biometrics are the three technologies most suitable for application in higher education.
This cross‐sectional study aimed to determine the prevalence of the co‐occurrence of physical frailty and cognitive impairment and to identify its associated demographic, psychosocial and behavioural ...factors. Participants were recruited from 32 neighbourhoods using multistage sampling method in Xuhui District, Shanghai, China. A total of 1585 older adults were included who lived in community, were 75 years or older and without a clinical diagnosis of dementia. Based on the presences of frailty (using the modified frailty phenotype criteria) and/or cognitive impairment (using Chinese version Mini‐Mental Status Examination stratified by educational level), the participants were classified into four groups: normal, cognitive impairment alone, frailty alone and co‐occurrence. Multinomial logistic regression analyses were conducted to identify the demographic, psychosocial (depression, social participation and social support) and behavioural (sedentary lifestyle and sleep problems) characteristics associated with the co‐occurrence of physical frailty and cognitive impairment. The prevalence of frailty alone, cognitive impairment alone and the co‐occurrence of physical frailty and cognitive impairment in the study sample were 7%, 26.94% and 7.19% respectively. The results of multinomial logistic regression show the following characteristics significantly associated with the co‐occurrence of physical frailty and cognitive impairment: advanced age (81–85 years old, Odds Ratio, OR = 1.99, 95% CI = 1.10–3.59; 86 years or older, OR = 6.43, 95% CI = 3.66–11.29), number of co‐morbidities (OR = 1.34, 95% CI = 1.01–1.77), depression (OR = 3.88, 95% CI = 2.39–6.29), social participation (OR = 0.61, 95% CI = 0.39–0.96), sedentary lifestyle (OR = 2.69, 95% CI = 1.66–4.34) and sleep problems (insomnia occasionally, OR = 1.84, 95% CI = 1.07–3.17; insomnia every day, OR = 2.38, 95% CI = 1.33–4.26). The co‐occurrence of physical frailty and cognitive impairment is a prevalent health issue in oldest old community‐dwelling older adults. Advanced age, co‐morbidity, depression, sedentary lifestyle and sleep problems are risk factors for cognitive frailty while good social participation may have a protective effect on it.
•Eight species (29 cultivars) of legumes differ in nutritional compositions.•Soybean and black soybean being top 2 rich sources of fat and protein.•6 major anthocyanins identified.•Lentils contain ...the highest level of carotenoids.
Twenty-nine legumes were assessed for their nutritional and phytochemical compositions. Soybean and black soybean had the highest protein contents (34.05–42.65 g/100 g DW, dry weight of legumes), particularly being a rich source of lysine (1.78–2.23 g/100 g DW. Soybean and black soybean had the highest fat contents (14.13–22.19 g/100 g DW). Broad beans had the highest unsaturated fatty acids (83.57–89.01 g/100 g fatty acid), particularly rich in α-linolenic and linoleic acid. The highest and the lowest dietary fiber were found in red kidney beans (35.36 g/100 g DW) and mung beans (22.77 g/100 g DW), respectively. Except for soybean and white kidney bean, 6 major anthocyanins in the legumes samples were identified. The soybean contained the highest total tocopherols content (90.40–120.96 μg/g dry weight of beans), followed by black soybean (66.13–100.76 μg/g DW). The highest carotenoids were found in lentils (4.53–21.34 μg/g DW) and red kidney beans (8.29–20.95 μg/g DW).
Metamaterial absorbers have attracted great attention over the past few years and exhibited a promising prospect in solar energy harvesting and solar thermophotovoltaics (STPVs). In this work, we ...introduce a solar absorber scheme, which enables efficient solar irradiance harvesting, superb thermal robustness and high solar thermal energy conversion for STPV systems. The optimum structure demonstrates an average absorbance of 97.85% at the spectral region from 200 nm to 2980 nm, indicating the near-unity absorption in the main energy range of the solar radiance. The solar-thermal conversion efficiencies surpassing 90% are achieved over an ultra-wide temperature range (100-800 °C). Meanwhile, the analysis indicates that this metamaterial has strong tolerance for fabrication errors. By utilizing the simple two-dimensional (2D) titanium (Ti) gratings, this design is able to get beyond the limit of costly and sophisticated nanomanufacturing techniques. These impressive features can hold the system with wide applications in metamaterial and other optoelectronic devices.
Although China has the largest population of persons with dementia, there is no validated tool available to accurately assess formal caregivers' competence in dementia care in long-term care ...settings. Appropriately assessing nursing staff's level of competence in dementia care is the first step to develop precision training interventions to improve the quality of dementia care. The Sense of Competence in Dementia Care Staff scale (SCIDS) is a user-friendly tool with satisfactory reliability and validity. We adapted SCIDS into a Chinese version (SCIDS-C) and validated its uses in China's socio-cultural context to assess nursing staff's capability and competence in dementia care at nursing homes.
We aimed to adapt and psychometrically test the tool among frontline nursing staff in long-term care settings in China.
The research employed a correlational design with repeated measures. In translation section, we adapted and tailored the original scale in the cultural and social context in China's nursing homes. The scale's adaptation consists of translating adaptation and semantic equivalence. In psychometric testing phase, we tested the validity and reliability of the scale with 174 nursing staff conveniently from six nursing homes. Construct validity was tested using exploratory factor analysis (EFA), including principal component analysis and maximum variance rotation method. Reliability was tested using Cronbach's alpha value and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC).
The SCIDS-C has 17 items, which belong to the two sub-scales, the Relationship-Centered Care(RCC) and Professional Care(PC). The Cronbach's alpha value was 0.88, showing a good internal consistency. The full scale's value of ICC was 0.94 which indicated good reliability. Exploratory factor analysis(EFA) extracted 2 common factors in each sub-scale, cumulative variance contribution rate was 56.71% and 53.92%, respectively. The named four factors are the same as the Sense of Competence in Dementia Care Staff (SCIDS) scale in English, including Building Relationships, Sustaining Personhood, Professionalism and Care Challenges.
The SCIDS-C has shown good reliability and validity. It can be used as an appropriate tool to evaluate the competence of nursing care staff to provide dementia care for residents in nursing homes.
Objective: This study examines how older residents’ social support and perceived empowerment are associated with their quality of life (QOL) in long-term care (LTC) facilities in Shanghai, China, ...controlling for their health-related conditions, facility type, and other socio-demographic characteristics. Method: Using a convenient sampling approach, we selected nine LTC facilities in Shanghai, China. We surveyed 515 older residents from these facilities. Results: Older participants in this study rate their QOL, social support, and perceived empowerment as moderate, and these variables are positively associated with their QOL. Older residents who live in government-owned and private-run LTC facilities are more likely to have a higher level of perceived QOL compared with those living in government-run facilities. Discussion: There is an urgent need to increase staff awareness and capacity to empower older residents, and to engage them in their care plan and delivery. LTC facilities could provide more opportunities for older residents’ social networking within and outside LTC facilities. Improvement of older residents’ QOL is critical in the future development of resident-centered care models in LTC facilities.
We demonstrate a dual-band plasmonic perfect absorber (PA) based on graphene metamaterials. Two absorption peaks (22.5 μm and 74.5 μm) with the maximal absorption of 99.4% and 99.9% have been ...achieved, respectively. We utilize this perfect absorber as a plasmonic sensor for refractive index (RI) sensing. It has the figure of merit (FOM) of 10.8 and 3.2, and sensitivities of about 5.6 and 17.2 μm/RIU, respectively. Hence, the designed dual-band PA-based RI sensor exhibits good sensing performance in the infrared regime, which offers great potential applications in various biomedical, tunable spectral detecting, environmental monitoring and medical diagnostics.
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•Preparation of TiO2 nanotube arrays by anodic oxidation.•The optimum parameters of the water content in electrolyte, anodizing time and ultrasonic post-treatment were determined.•The ...effects of each parameter on the morphology and crystal form of TiO2 nanotube arrays was studied.•The effects of TiO2 nanotube arrays with different anodization parameter on the photoelectric performance of DSSC were obtained.
In this paper, TiO2 nanotube arrays were prepared by anodic oxidation method. The effects of water content, anodizing time and sample post-treatment on the morphology and crystal structure of TiO2 nanotube arrays were systematically investigated. We explored the performance of dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) based on dye N-719. The TiO2 nanotube arrays prepared under different water content and different anodizing time conditions were used as photoanodes. The results show that DSSC has best photovoltaic performance when the water content is 2 vol%. With the increase of oxidation time, Jsc increases continuously, open voltage (Voc) and fill factor (FF) increase first and then decrease. The best optoelectronic properties obtained that the short circuit current, open circuit voltage, fill factor and photoelectric conversion efficiency as following, Jsc = 5.2 mA/cm2, Voc = 0.7 V, FF = 0.54, η = 1.96% respectively.
We numerically investigated the optical properties of planar nanorod antennas metamaterial that exhibits plasmon-induced transparency (PIT) effect. The designed metamaterial is made of a silver ...nanorod dimer antenna surrounded by two parallel silver nanorods. The interaction between two parallel nanorods and middle nanorod dimer antenna leads to a single PIT band in the transmission spectrum. Moreover, the double PIT windows and slow light can be realized by breaking the structure symmetry. The multi-bands PIT effect offers an excellent potential to manipulate the light speed at multi-frequencies.
•We design a simple symmetrical planar nanorod antennas metamaterial to achieve PIT effect at optical frequency.•The modified metamaterial by breaking the symmetry can excite two PIT bands due to the introduction of magnetic momentum.•The narrow band in the PIT window can be used to achieve strong dispersion and large DBP.
Detailed characterization in nutrients and phytochemicals with antioxidant activities of 26 kidney beans was performed. The kidney beans contained high levels of dietary fiber (29.32–46.77%), ...resistant starch (9.16–18.09%) and protein (22.06–32.63%) but low levels of lipid (1.05–2.83%) and sugars (1.55–9.07%). The monosaccharide composition of soluble fiber was dominated by arabinose, galactose, mannose and galacturonic acid. The ratio of essential amino acid to the total amino acid was ranged from 0.29 to 0.36. The predominant fatty acid was polyunsaturated fatty acids, accounting for 47.54–67.26% of total fatty acids. The total tocopherol content was in the range of 12.83–68.35 μg/g, predominantly γ-tocopherol, followed by δ-tocopherol. In addition, certain levels of total phenolics and flavonoids with respective values of 0.25–3.79 mg gallic acid equivalent/g dry weight and 0.19–7.05 mg rutin equivalent/g dry weight resulted in significant antioxidant activities. And a good correlation was observed between TPC and FRAP values (R2 = 0.8030). The results indicated that kidney beans are excellent sources of health-promoting compounds.
•26 kidney beans were systemically analyzed in nutrients and phytochemicals.•Many kidney beans are excellent sources of protein, dietary fiber and resistant starch.•Many kidney beans are rich in γ-tocopherol and phenolics.•All kidney beans have certain levels of antioxidants.
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