Humans are undergoing a fateful transformation focusing on artificial intelligence, quantum information technology, virtual reality, etc., which is inseparable from intelligent nano–micro devices. ...However, the booming of “Big Data” brings about an even greater challenge by growing electromagnetic radiation. Herein, an innovative flexible multifunctional microsensor is proposed, opening up a new horizon for intelligent devices. It integrates “non‐crosstalk” multiple perception and green electromagnetic interference shielding only in one pixel, with satisfactory sensitivity and fast information feedback. Importantly, beneficial by deep insight into the variable‐temperature electromagnetic response, the microsensor tactfully transforms the urgent threat of electromagnetic radiation into “wealth,” further integrating self‐power. This result will refresh researchers' realization of next‐generation devices, ushering in a new direction for aerospace engineering, remote sensing, communications, medical treatment, biomimetic robot, prosthetics, etc.
An innovative flexible multifunctional microsensor is demonstrated for the first time, holding highly integrated functions of “non‐crosstalk” multiple perception, green electromagnetic interference shielding, and self‐power only in one pixel. Importantly, insight into the variable‐temperature electromagnetic response is obtained, showing a new concept toward next‐generation intelligent devices in the coming era of the “Internet of Everything”.
Low‐dimensional materials have been long sought after for their particular electromagnetic (EM) functions, with promising applications in EM wave absorbing and shielding, communicating and imaging, ...sensing and detecting, driving and actuating, etc. Herein, across the whole EM spectrum, low‐dimensional EM functional materials and devices are highly focused on. The crystal engineering and function‐guiding features addressed relate to crystal and electronic structures, EM responses and properties, energy conversion, as well as EM wave absorbing and shielding. Moreover, insight is given into this rapidly broadening field, the main challenges are proposed and future directions are predicted.
Electromagnetic response and energy conversion for functions and devices of low‐dimensional materials are systematically summarized. The crystal and electronic structures are described, and crystal engineering and function‐guiding features are highlighted. Importantly, the electromagnetic functions and devices are demonstrated with a prediction of the most prospective opportunities and directions for the future.
Exosomes are cell-derived vesicles of 30 to 150 nm that contain diverse proteins, nucleic acids, and lipids. These vesicles facilitate effective intercellular communication and trigger profound ...environmental changes. In recent years, many studies have identified diverse roles for exosomes in tumor metastasis, a major cause of cancer-related deaths; furthermore, circulating tumor-derived exosomes can drive the initiation and progression of metastasis and determine the specific target organs affected. Fortunately, our growing understanding of exosomes and relevant modification technology have provided new ideas for potential treatment of tumor metastases. Here we review recent advances concerning the role of exosomes in metastasis, focusing on their regulatory mechanisms and therapeutic targeting in advanced cancer.
Recent years have witnessed increasing interest in the solution‐phase synthesis of atomically precise thiolate‐protected gold clusters (Aux); nonetheless, research on the photocatalytic properties of ...Aux–semiconductor nanocomposites is still in its infancy. In this work, recently developed glutathione‐capped gold clusters and highly ordered nanoporous layer‐covered TiO2 nanotube arrays (NP‐TNTAs) are employed as nanobuilding blocks for the construction of a well‐defined Aux/NP‐TNTA heterostructure via a facile electrostatic self‐assembly strategy. Versatile photocatalytic performances of the Aux/NP‐TNTA heterostructure which acts as a model catalyst, including photocatalytic oxidation of organic pollutant, photocatalytic reduction of aromatic nitro compounds and photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting under simulated solar light irradiation, are systematically exploited. It is found that synergistic interaction stemming from monodisperse coverage of Aux clusters on NP‐TNTAs in combination with hierarchical nanostructure of NP‐TNTAs reinforce light absorption of Aux/NP‐TNTA heterostructure especially within visible region, hence contributing to the significantly enhanced photocatalytic and PEC water splitting performances. Moreover, photocatalytic and PEC mechanisms over Aux/NP‐TNTA heterostructure are elucidated and corresponding reaction models were presented. It is anticipated that this work could boost new insight for photocatalytic properties of metal‐cluster‐sensitized semiconductor nanocomposites.
A well‐defined heterostructure consisting of monodisperse Au clusters and hierarchically ordered nanoporous TiO2 nanotube arrays (Aux/NP‐TNTAs) is fabricated via a facile two‐step anodization approach combined with efficient electrostatic self‐assembly. The hierarchically ordered Aux/NP‐TNTA heterostructure demonstrates versatile photocatalytic redox and photoelectrochemical performances under simulated solar light irradiation under ambient conditions.
National-based prospective surveillance of all-age patients with acute diarrhea was conducted in China between 2009‒2018. Here we report the etiological, epidemiological, and clinical features of the ...152,792 eligible patients enrolled in this analysis. Rotavirus A and norovirus are the two leading viral pathogens detected in the patients, followed by adenovirus and astrovirus. Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli and nontyphoidal Salmonella are the two leading bacterial pathogens, followed by Shigella and Vibrio parahaemolyticus. Patients aged <5 years had higher overall positive rate of viral pathogens, while bacterial pathogens were more common in patients aged 18‒45 years. A joinpoint analysis revealed the age-specific positivity rate and how this varied for individual pathogens. Our findings fill crucial gaps of how the distributions of enteropathogens change across China in patients with diarrhea. This allows enhanced identification of the predominant diarrheal pathogen candidates for diagnosis in clinical practice and more targeted application of prevention and control measures.
Inhibition of TICT can significantly increase the brightness of fluorescent materials. Accurate prediction of TICT is thus critical for the quantitative design of high‐performance fluorophores and ...AIEgens. TICT of 14 types of popular organic fluorophores were modeled with time‐dependent density functional theory (TD‐DFT). A reliable and generalizable computational approach for modeling TICT formations was established. To demonstrate the prediction power of our approach, we quantitatively designed a boron dipyrromethene (BODIPY)‐based AIEgen which exhibits (almost) barrierless TICT rotations in monomers. Subsequent experiments validated our molecular design and showed that the aggregation of this compound turns on bright emissions with ca. 27‐fold fluorescence enhancement, as TICT formation is inhibited in molecular aggregates.
A generalizable and reliable computational approach is formulated for modeling the twisted intramolecular charge transfer. Applying this approach in combination with experimental validations, azetidinyl‐substituted PRODAN and BODIPY derivatives were designed for bioimaging and aggregation‐induced emission (AIE) applications with enhanced performance.
Spatial electromagnetic (EM) radiation, big data, is both an opportunity and a challenge. Harvesting and converting waste EM energy for high‐efficient recycling has a huge significance in the energy ...field. Herein, a new and effective patching engineering method using conductive polymers to repair magnetic graphene (NF‐P) is proposed, tailoring the microstructure network controllably, including conductive network and relaxation genes. It realizes the precise tuning of EM property, and the EM response shows a significant increase of 52%. The energy transformation inside materials is surveyed, and a revolutionary mode of energy conversion is constructed, ingeniously utilizing the stored electrical energy and the converted heat energy inside the material with the theoretical utilization of absorbed EM energy up to 100%. The NF‐P patching network serves as a prototype for a potential cell device with the EM energy conversion improved by ≈10 times and effective bandwidth increased by 13 GHz that covers the entire research frequency band (2–18 GHz). This research opens up a new idea for energy utilization inside materials, providing a novel and effective path for harvesting, converting and delivering spatial EM energy.
Energy is not produced, but is simply portered. Here, a revolutionary prototype cell is constructed, ingeniously utilizing the stored electrical energy and converted heat energy inside material with the theoretical utilization of absorbed electromagnetic energy up to 100%.
Developing red thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) emitters for high‐performance OLEDs is still facing great challenge. Herein, three red TADF emitters, pDBBPZ‐DPXZ, pDTBPZ‐DPXZ, and ...oDTBPZ‐DPXZ, are designed and synthesized with same donor–acceptor (D‐A) backbone with different peripheral groups attaching on the A moieties. Their lowest triplet states change from locally excited to charge transfer character leading to significantly enhance reverse intersystem crossing process. In particular, oDTBPZ‐DPXZ exhibits efficient TADF feature and exciton utilization. It not only achieves an external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 20.1 % in red vacuum‐processed OLED, but also realize a high EQE of 18.5 % in a solution‐processed OLED, which is among the best results in solution‐processed red TADF OLEDs. This work provides an effective strategy for designing red TADF molecules by managing energy level alignments to facilitate the up‐conversion process and thus enhance exciton harvesting.
By introducing phenyl or o‐tolyl groups into different positions of the same acceptor backbone, the lowest triplet energy levels of red thermally activated delayed fluorescence emitters can be tuned from locally excited triplet (3LEA) to charge transfer triplet (3CT) states, resulting in enhancement of the rates of reverse intersystem crossing (RISC), and boosting efficiencies in both vacuum‐ and solution‐processed OLEDs.
There exist about 3.7σ positive and 2.4σ negative deviations in the muon and electron anomalous magnetic moments (g−2). Also, some ratios for lepton universality in τ decays have almost 2σ deviations ...from the Standard Model. In this paper, we propose a lepton-specific inert two-Higgs-doublet model. After imposing all the relevant theoretical and experimental constraints, we show that these lepton anomalies can be explained simultaneously in many parameter spaces with m > 200 GeV and mA(mH±) > 500 GeV for appropriate Yukawa couplings between leptons and inert Higgs. The key point is that these Yukawa couplings for μ and τ/e have opposite sign.
Abstract
Nationwide prospective surveillance of all-age patients with acute respiratory infections was conducted in China between 2009‒2019. Here we report the etiological and epidemiological ...features of the 231,107 eligible patients enrolled in this analysis. Children <5 years old and school-age children have the highest viral positivity rate (46.9%) and bacterial positivity rate (30.9%). Influenza virus, respiratory syncytial virus and human rhinovirus are the three leading viral pathogens with proportions of 28.5%, 16.8% and 16.7%, and
Streptococcus pneumoniae
,
Mycoplasma pneumoniae
and
Klebsiella pneumoniae
are the three leading bacterial pathogens (29.9%, 18.6% and 15.8%). Negative interactions between viruses and positive interactions between viral and bacterial pathogens are common. A Join-Point analysis reveals the age-specific positivity rate and how this varied for individual pathogens. These data indicate that differential priorities for diagnosis, prevention and control should be highlighted in terms of acute respiratory tract infection patients’ demography, geographic locations and season of illness in China.
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