MiR-221 and miR-222 (miR-221/222), upregulated in gliomas, can regulate glioma cell cycle progression and apoptosis, respectively. However, the association of miR-221/222 with glioma cell invasion ...and survival remains unknown.
Invasion capability of miR-221/222 was detected by mutiple analyses, including diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), transwell, wound healing and nude mouse tumor xenograft model assay. Further, the target of miR-221/222 was determined by luciferase reporter, western blot and gene rescue assay. The association of miR-221/222 with outcome was examined in fifty glioma patients.
MiR-221/222 expression was significantly increased in high-grade gliomas compared with low-grade gliomas, and positively correlated with the degree of glioma infiltration. Over-expression of miR-221/222 increased cell invasion, whereas knockdown of miR-221/222 decreased cell invasion via modulating the levels of the target, TIMP3. Introduction of a TIMP3 cDNA lacking 3' UTR abrogated miR-221/222-induced cell invasion. In addition, knockdown of miR-221/222 increased TIMP3 expression and considerably inhibited tumor growth in a xenograft model. Finally, the increased level of miR-221/222 expression in high-grade gliomas confers poorer overall survival.
The present data indicate that miR-221 and miR-222 directly regulate cell invasion by targeting TIMP3 and act as prognostic factors for glioma patients.
A multi-criteria sparse representation-based classification (SRC) is developed for synthetic aperture radar (SAR) target recognition. The sparse representation is first performed on the testing ...sample to obtain the coefficient vector over the global dictionary. Accordingly, three different decision criteria are employed for classification, i.e., the minimum global reconstruction error, the minimum local reconstruction error, and the maximum coefficient energy. The three rules exploit the coefficient vector from different aspects so they can complement each other. A linear fusion is conducted on the three result with an adaptive weighting algorithm and a final decision is reached. Based on the Moving and Stationary Target Acquisition and Recognition (MSTAR) dataset, the proposed method is investigated under the standard operating condition (SOC), noise corruption, and occlusion. The results confirm its validity and robustness.
Increasing planting density has been an effective means of increasing maize (
ssp.
) yield per unit of land area over the past few decades. However, high-density planting will cause a reduction in ...the ratio of red to far-red incident light, which could trigger the shade avoidance syndrome and reduce yield. The molecular mechanisms regulating the shade avoidance syndrome are well established in Arabidopsis (
) but poorly understood in maize. Here, we conducted an initial functional characterization of the maize
(
) gene family in regulating light signaling and photomorphogenesis. The maize genome contains seven distinct
genes, which could be grouped into three subfamilies:
,
, and
Similar to the Arabidopsis PIFs, all ZmPIF proteins are exclusively localized to the nucleus and most of them can form nuclear bodies upon light irradiation. We show that all of the ZmPIF proteins could interact with ZmphyB. Heterologous expression of each ZmPIF member could partially or fully rescue the phenotype of the Arabidopsis
mutant, and some of these proteins conferred enhanced shade avoidance syndrome in Arabidopsis. Interestingly, all ZmPIF proteins expressed in Arabidopsis are much more stable than their Arabidopsis counterparts upon exposure to red light. Moreover, the
,
, and
knockout mutants generated via CRISPR/Cas9 technology all showed severely suppressed mesocotyl elongation in dark-grown seedlings and were less responsive to simulated shade treatment. Taken together, our results reveal both conserved and distinct molecular properties of ZmPIFs in regulating light signaling and photomorphogenesis in maize.
Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) is widely used to treat malignant hematological neoplasms and non-malignant hematological disorders. Approximately, 5000 allo-HSCT ...procedures are performed in China annually. Substantial progress has been made in haploidentical HSCT (HID-HSCT), pre-transplantation risk stratification, and donor selection in allo-HSCT, especially after the establishment of the "Beijing Protocol" HID-HSCT system. Transplant indications for selected subgroups in low-risk leukemia or severe aplastic anemia (SAA) differ from those in the Western world. These unique systems developed by Chinese doctors may inspire the refining of global clinical practice. We reviewed the efficacy of allo-HSCT practice from available Chinese studies on behalf of the HSCT workgroup of the Chinese Society of Hematology, Chinese Medical Association and compared these studies to the consensus or guideline outside China. We summarized the consensus on routine practices of all-HSCT in China and focused on the recommendations of indications, conditioning regimen, and donor selection.
The enhanced cathodic ECL of Ru(bpy)
3
2+
at a bimetallic element MXenes (TiVC MXene) modified electrode in neutral aqueous condition is reported. TiVC MXene significantly catalyzed the oxygen ...reduction reaction (ORR) as well as the electrochemical reduction of Ru(bpy)
3
2+
to produce reactive oxygen species and Ru(bpy)
3
+
. The obtained hydroxyl radical (OH∙) not only oxidized Ru(bpy)
3
+
to generate Ru(bpy)
3
2+*
and emit light through coreactant pathway, but also oxidized Ru(bpy)
3
2+
to Ru(bpy)
3
3+
, which caused an annihilation ECL reaction. As a result, two pathways occurred simultaneously to generate strong cathodic ECL signal. Sulfite removes the dissolved oxygen in water and reduces the occurrence of ORR, which prohibits the generation of OH∙ to decrease the ECL signal. The decrement of ECL intensity varied linearly with the concentration of sulfite in the range 2 nM to 50 μM with a detection limit of 0.14 nM (3σ). The proposed sensor exhibited good analytical performance, and could be used in the detection of sulfite in real samples. The results revealed that the electrocatalytic behavior of TiVC MXene is the key factor for strong cathodic Ru(bpy)
3
2+
ECL, which provides new application in ECL sensing field.
Graphical abstract
In the traditional constrained control of nonlinear systems, the controller design usually requires that the initial value of the system meets certain strict conditions, and generally only considers ...static constraints. This article concentrates on the issue of adaptive fuzzy echo state network decentralized control for fractional-order (FO) large-scale nonlinear systems with strong interconnections and time-varying deferred constraints. With the backstepping technique, an FO fuzzy echo state network is constructed to approximate unknown nonlinear functions and interconnected terms in each step, which greatly removes some additional assumptions on unknown functions and provides a higher degree of design freedom and stronger robustness. A shifting function and an error transformation scheme are introduced to handle constraints against the unknown initial tracking condition. Moreover, the constraint conditions are satisfied within a specified time even if they are violated initially by using a time-varying barrier Lyapunov function. Especially, an equivalent definition of the bivariate convex function is given, and an inequality is constructed, which can be used to analyze the stability of FO systems by constructing a bivariate Lyapunov function. According to the FO Lyapunov stability theorem, the proposed adaptive controller can ensure that all the signals involved remain bounded and the tracking error possesses a fast convergence. Finally, an example of the FO single-machine-infinite bus power system illustrates the effectiveness of the proposed control strategy.
With the clarification of the important roles of microRNAs (miRNAs) in diverse physiologic and pathologic processes, the effects of miRNAs in wound healing have attracted more attention recently. ...However, the global pattern of miRNA expression in wound tissue is still unknown. In the present study, we depicted the miRNA profile and identified at least 54 miRNAs, including miR-21, changed for more than twofold at the stage of granulation formation during wound healing. These miRNAs were closely related to the major events of wound healing, including cell migration and proliferation, angiogenesis, and matrix remolding. Furthermore, we found that miR-21 was up-regulated after skin injury, mainly in activated and migrating epithelial cells of epidermis and mesenchymal cells of dermis. Locally antagonizing miR-21 by directly injecting antagomir to wound edge caused significant delay of wound closure with impaired collagen deposition. Unexpectedly, we found wounds treated with miR-21 antagomir had an obvious defect in wound contraction at an early stage of wound healing. The significant role of miR-21 in wound contraction was further confirmed by in vivo gain-of-function and in vitro loss-of-function experiments. In conclusion, the present study has for the first time depicted miRNA profiling of wound healing and demonstrated the involvement of miR-21 in regulating the wound contraction and collagen deposition. These results suggest that miR-21 may be a new medical target in skin wound manipulation.
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a kind of short noncoding RNA (20–24 nt), playing versatile roles in plant growth and development. Strawberry generates leaves and flowers with unique features. However, few ...miRNAs have been functionally characterised in strawberry, especially for their developmental regulation.
Here, we identified one ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS) mutant, deeply serrated (des), in the woodland strawberry Fragaria vesca that has wrinkled leaves with deeper serrations, serrated petals and deformed carpels. The causative mutation occurs in the 19th nucleotide of the FvemiR164a mature sequence. Overexpressing FveMIR164A rescued the phenotypes of des/fvemir164a except the petal serrations.
Furthermore, we identified two allelic mutants of FveCUC2a, one target of FvemiR164a, which developed leaves with smooth margins and fused leaflets. Phenotypes of the double mutant fvemir164a fvecuc2a indicated that the two genes act linearly in leaf and carpel development, but synergistically in the development of other floral organs and inflorescence architecture.
This work demonstrates the conserved and novel roles of the miR164-CUC2 module in leaf and flower development in different plant species, and reveals that the 19th nucleotide of FvemiR164a is important for its processing.
The present study proposed a novel and highly selective and sensitive method for Ag+ ion detection based on gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) anti-aggregation. Thiamazole can induce AuNPs aggregation due to ...electrostatic interactions, which result in color transitions in the AuNPs solution from red to blue. However, the presence of Ag+ ions results in the preferential combination of the pyridinic nitrogen of thiamazole with the Ag+ ions. In addition, the Ag+ ions oxidize the sulfhydryl groups(-SH), which inhibit AuNPs aggregation and prompt a color change from blue to red. As a result, the present study established a method for Ag+ ion determination by AuNPs-thiamazole colorimetric probe based on the aforementioned anti-aggregation mechanism. The probe dynamic range was easily tuned via adjustments of the thiamazole amount. The relationship between the Ag+ concentration and AuNPs aggregation was monitored by ultraviolet–visible light (UV–Vis) spectroscopy at a dynamic range of 0.1 nM–9 μM and at a detection limit of 0.042 nM. The river water and tap water recovery analysis validated the successful operation of this colorimetric sensor in environmental monitoring.
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•The present study reported a highly sensitive and selective silver ion determination method.•The anti-aggregation method used unmodified gold nanoparticles with thiamazole.•Evident AuNP-probe color transitions from blue to red color indicated successful detection.•The presented method allowed Ag+ ion detection in river and tap water samples.
Hydrothermally synthesized WO2.72 nanowires with oxygen vacancy possess super selective adsorption, fast adsorption, high capacity and excellent reusability for methylene blue (MB).
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...•Super selective WO2.72 nanowires have fast adsorption and high capacity (547.3 mg/g).•The adsorption data fit well with the pseudo-second order and Langmuir model.•Thermodynamics revealed the adsorption process is spontaneous and exothermic.•The adsorption efficiency can still reach 86.54% after five reusability experiments.•Electrostatic absorption was conceived as the main adsorption mechanism.
Hydrothermally prepared nonstoichiometry tungsten oxide (WO2.72) nanowires possess super selective adsorption performance for methylene blue (MB). The effects of dye concentration, contact time, pH and temperature on the adsorption properties of WO2.72 were investigated. The experimental results indicated that WO2.72 nanowires have a high adsorption capacity (547.32 mg/g) under neutral pH and a fast adsorption rate (adsorbing 100% within 6 min) for MB dye. The kinetic data showed good correlation coefficient (R2 > 0.99) for the pseudo-second-order. The equilibrium data suggesting the monolayer coverage of adsorbate as it fits well with the Langmuir isotherm model (R2 > 0.99). The energy functions of chemical thermodynamics revealed the adsorbate transport across the phase boundary is spontaneous and exothermic. Electrostatic absorption was proposed as the main adsorption mechanisms. Calcination treatment was utilized to decompose MB adsorbed on WO2.72 and regenerate WO2.72. The adsorption efficiency of WO2.72 nanowires can still reach 86.54% after recycling five times, which indicated that as-obtained WO2.72 nanowires are a very promising high-efficiency adsorbent for practical purification of dyeing waste water.
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