Particle filtering and mean shift (MS) are two successful approaches to visual tracking. Both have their respective strengths and weaknesses. In this paper, we propose to integrate advantages of the ...two approaches for improved tracking. By incorporating the MS optimization into particle filtering to move particles to local peaks in the likelihood, the proposed mean shift embedded particle filter (MSEPF) improves the sampling efficiency considerably. Our work is conducted in the context of developing a hand control interface for a robotic wheelchair. We realize real-time hand tracking in dynamic environments of the wheelchair using MSEPF. Extensive experimental results demonstrate that MSEPF outperforms the MS tracker and the conventional particle filter in hand tracking. Our approach produces reliable tracking while effectively handling rapid motion and distraction with roughly 85% fewer particles. We also present a simple method for dynamic gesture recognition. The hand control interface based on the proposed algorithms works well in dynamic environments of the wheelchair.
ZnTe crystal is a promising electro-optical crystal materials applied for THz generation and detection. However, there is still a big challenge to obtain large sized high quality ZnTe crystals. In ...this work, large sized ZnTe bulk crystals with Φ30 mm × 150 mm were grown by the traveling solvent melting zone (TSMZ) method. With the characterization of the optical and electrical properties of as-grown ZnTe crystals, the band gap (2.22 eV), high IR transmittance (around 60%), high resistivity (3.5 × 103 Ω·cm), low density (1.3 × 105 cm−2) and small sizes (3 μm - 5 μm) of Te inclusions in ZnTe crystals, low etch pit densities (1.5 × 105 cm−2), high peak intensity to FWHM ratio (2.5 × 104) of the LO peak in the Raman spectra were obtained. Furthermore, the THz transmission spectra was measured and the maximum transmittance is more than 40% at the range of 0.3 - 3 THz. Based on these results, high quality and large aspect ratio ZnTe bulk crystals can be obtained by the TSMZ technique. Our work has greatly facilitated the application of ZnTe crystals in THz device.
•Large aspect ratio of ZnTe bulk crystals were successfully grown by TSMZ technique under the condition of seedless.•A large number of high purity ZeTe polycrystallines powder was synthesized successfully.•The optical and electrical properties of different parts of the ZnTe ingot were analyzed.•The transmission properties of THz wave in ZnTe crystal were briefly evaluated.
With the rapid development of power-electronics-enabled power systems, the new converter-based generators are deteriorating the small-signal stability of the power system. Although the numerical ...differentiation method has been widely used for approximately calculating the eigenvalue sensitivities, its accuracy has not been carefully investigated. Besides, the ele-ment-based formulation for computing closed-form eigenvalue sensitivities has not been used in any commercial software due to the average efficiency, complicated formulation, and error-prone characteristics. Based on the matrix calculus, this paper proposes an easily manipulated formulation of the closed-form eigenvalue sensitivities with respect to the power generation. The distinguishing feature of the formulation is that all the formulas consist of vector and matrix operations, which can be performed by developed numerical algorithms to take full advantages of architectural features of the modern computer. The tests on WSCC 3-machine 9-bus system, New England to-ma-chine 39-bus system, and IEEE 54-machine 118-bus system show that the accuracy of the proposed formulation is superior to the numerical differentiation method and the efficiency is also greatly improved compared to the element-based closed-form formulation. The proposed formulation will be helpful to perform a more accurate and faster stability analysis of a power grid with converter-based devices.
Gastric cancer is one of the most common malignancies worldwide. Although the diagnosis and treatment of this disease have substantially improved in recent years, the five-year survival rate of ...gastric cancer is still low due to local recurrence and distant metastasis. An in-depth study of the molecular pathogenesis of gastric cancer and related prognostic markers will help improve the quality of life and prognosis of patients with this disease. The purpose of this study was to identify and verify key SNPs in genes with prognostic value for gastric cancer.
SNP-related data from gastric cancer patients were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database, and the functions and pathways of the mutated genes were analyzed using DAVID software. A protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed using the STRING database and visualized by Cytoscape software, and molecular complex detection (MCODE) was used to screen the PPI network to extract important mutated genes. Ten hub genes were identified using cytoHubba, and the expression levels and the prognostic value of the central genes were determined by UALCAN and Kaplan-Meier Plotter. Finally, quantitative PCR and Western blotting were used to verify the expression of the hub genes in gastric cancer cells.
From the database, 945 genes with mutations in more than 25 samples were identified. The PPI network had 360 nodes and 1616 edges. Finally, cytoHubba identified six key genes (TP53, HRAS, BRCA1, PIK3CA, AKT1, and SMARCA4), and their expression levels were closely related to the survival rate of gastric cancer patients.
Our results indicate that TP53, HRAS, BRCA1, PIK3CA, AKT1, and SMARCA4 may be key genes for the development and prognosis of gastric cancer. Our research provides an important bioinformatics foundation and related theoretical foundation for further exploring the molecular pathogenesis of gastric cancer and evaluating the prognosis of patients.
In the classical economic order quantity (EOQ) models, a common unrealistic assumption is that all the items received are of good quality. However, in realistic environment, a received shipment ...usually contains a fraction of imperfect quality items. These imperfect items may be scrapped, reworked at a cost, or salvaged at a discounted price. While the percentage of imperfect items is random, the optimal ordering cycle is rarely considered in current literatures. This paper revisits the model (Maddah and Jaber, 2008) and extends it by assuming that the ordering cycle is determined by the demand rate, delivery quantity per shipment, and the mathematical expectation of the defective rate. The possibility of stockout or residue in the end of a cycle will be considered, and the loss of stockout and the salvage of the residue are counted into the cost. Besides, we consider consolidating the shipments of imperfect items over multiple deliveries. Thus, an integrated vendor-buyer inventory model for imperfect quality items with equal-size shipment policy is established to derive the optimal ordering cycle, ordering quantity, and number of deliveries. The computational method of the optimal delivery quantity per shipment and number of deliveries is given through theoretical results. Finally, sensitivity of main parameters is analyzed through simulation experiments and shown by some figures.
外科手术是目前根治非小细胞肺癌（non-small cell lung cancer, ...NSCLC）的最有效方式。全肺切除作为一种术式被应用于临床中。对于中央型肺癌，袖式肺叶切除术因其术后肺功能丧失少、术后并发症及死亡率低逐渐取代全肺切除术成为主流。然而为保证肿瘤学效果，当其他术式无法完全切除时，全肺切除术式仍是必要的。全肺切除术后主要发生心肺并发症，充分了解全肺切除术后相关并发症能帮助临床医师及时做出诊断，并进一步采取相关措施降低术后并发症对患者的不良影响。充分了解预后相关危险因素可帮助临床医师提前采取措施尽可能规避风险，从而改善患者预后。 Surgery is the most effective way to cure non-small cell lung cancer currently. Although sleeve lobectomy, with less reduction of respiratory function and a lower mortality rate, would not compromise oncological results in well-selected patients with central lung cancer, pneumonectomy is still necessary when complete resection could not be achieved by other surgical procedures. Cardiopulmonary complications are the most common complication after pneumonectomy. Fully understanding the related complications after pneumonectomy can help surgeons make a diagnosis timely, and further take relevant measures to reduce the adverse effects of postoperative complications on patients. What’s more, in order to avoid postoperative complications and imp
The response to cytotoxic chemotherapy varies greatly in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and molecular markers may be useful in determining a preferable therapeutic ...approach for individual patients. This retrospective study was performed to evaluate the predictive value of ribonucleotide reductase regulatory subunit M1 (RRM1) on the therapeutic efficacy of platinum-based chemotherapy in patients with NSCLC.
Patients with advanced NSCLC who received platinum doublet chemotherapy (n = 229) were included in this retrospective study, and their clinical outcomes were analyzed according to RRM1 expression.
In patients receiving gemcitabine-based therapy, the disease control rate (DCR) and progression-free survival (PFS) of patients with RRM1-negative tumors were significantly higher than in patients with RRMI-positive tumors (P = 0.041 and P = 0.01, respectively), and multivariate analysis showed that RRM1 expression was an independent prognostic factor (P = 0.013). No similar differences were found in patients receiving docetaxel- or vinorelbine-based therapy. In RRM1-positive patients, the DCRs for docetaxel and vinorelbine were higher than for gemcitabine (P = 0.047 and P = 0.047, respectively), and docetaxel and vinorelbine showed a longer PFS than gemcitabine-based chemotherapy (P = 0.012 and P = 0.007). No similar differences were found among patients with RRM1-negative tumors.
Negative RRM1 expression in advanced NSCLC is associated with a higher response rate to gemcitabine-based chemotherapy. In patients with RRM1-positive tumors, docetaxel and vinorelbine showed a higher therapeutic efficacy than gemcitabine-based therapy. Additional prospective studies are needed to investigate the predictive meaning of RRM1 in the response to chemotherapy.
Display omitted
•The N, P dual doped foamy-like carbons (NPFC) were prepared by confined pyrolysis strategy.•NPFC exhibits uniform N, P doped, porous structures and abundant defect sites.•The ...adsorption between zinc ions and O functionalities are detected by ex-situ XPS.•NPFC cathode displays excellent zinc ion storage capability in the aqueous electrolyte.
To achieve high value-added use of biomass waste is still a big challenge. Besides, heteroatom-doped carbon materials have been charmed enormous interests due to their high conductivity and abundant defect sites. Herein, a simply and confined pyrolysis method is innovated to prepare N, P codoped foamy-like carbons (NPFC) with abundant defect sites from osmanthus flowers. The NPFC features uniform N, P doped, porous structures and big electric conductivity, which provide abundant defects and additional active sites for ion adsorption, shorten ion transfer distance, enhance transfer kinetics and supply highways for electron transfer. As cathode for zinc ion hybrid capacitor (ZHC), NPFC exhibits large energy density (85.7 Wh kg−1) with long cycle life (remains 97.4% after 20,000 cycles) in aqueous electrolyte. More interestingly, NPFC-based quasi-solid-state ZHC presents extremely big capacity of 163.6 mAh g−1 at 0.1 A g−1 and excellent power density of 35.9 kW kg−1. This study offers a universal method to synthesize heteroatom-doped carbon materials from biomass waste for hybrid capacitors.
To evaluate the surgical outcomes of tumor resection with or without total thymectomy for thymic epithelial tumors (TETs) using the Chinese Alliance for Research in Thymomas (ChART) retrospective ...database.
Patients without preoperative therapy, who underwent surgery for early-stage (Masaoka-Koga stage I and II) tumors, were enrolled for the study. They were divided into thymectomy and thymomectomy groups according to the resection extent of the thymus. Demographic and surgical outcomes were compared between the two patients groups.
A total of 1,047 patients were enrolled, with 796 cases in the thymectomy group and 251 cases in the thymomectomy group. Improvement rate of myasthenia gravis (MG) was higher after thymectomy than after thymomectomy (91.6% vs. 50.0%, P<0.001). Ten-year overall survival was similar between the two groups (90.9% after thymectomy and 89.4% after thymomectomy, P=0.732). Overall, recurrence rate was 3.1% after thymectomy and 5.4% after thymomectomy, with no significant difference between the two groups (P=0.149). Stratified analysis revealed no significant difference in recurrence rates in Masaoka-Koga stage I tumors (3.2% vs. 1.4%, P=0.259). However in patients with Masaoka-Koga stage II tumors, recurrence was significantly less after thymectomy group than after thymomectomy (2.9% vs. 14.5%, P=0.001).
Thymectomy, instead of tumor resection alone, should still be recommended as the surgical standard for thymic malignancies, especially for stage II tumors and those with concomitant MG.
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are involved in tumor initiation and progression. MiR-26b was reported to be significantly downregulated in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, the underlying mechanisms ...of miR-26b involvement in the development and progression of NSCLC remains poorly understood. In the present study, we report that miR-26b suppresses cell metastasis in NSCLC through targeting migration and invasion enhancer 1 (MIEN1). We found that miR-26b was significantly downregulated and MIEN1 was significantly upregulated in both NSCLC tissues and cells lines. The expression levels of miR-26b were negatively related to those of MIEN1 mRNA in clinical NSCLC tissues. Furthermore, MIEN1 was confirmed to be a direct target of miR-26b by dual-luciferase reporter assay and MIEN1 expression was downregulated by miR-26b in NSCLC cells. In terms of function, transwell and wound healing assays demonstrated that the miR-26b remarkably inhibited invasion and migration of NSCLC cells, which was simulated by siRNA knockdown of MIEN1 and reversed by pcDNA/MIEN1 overexpression of MIEN1. Finally, we found that miR-26b could regulate NF-κB/MMP-9/VEGF pathway in NSCLC cells. In conclusion, this study revealed that miR-26b suppresses NSCLC metastasis by targeting MIEN1 via NF-κB/MMP-9/VEGF pathways, implicating a potential prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target for NSCLC treatment.
•MIEN1 was significantly upregulated in both NSCLC tissues and cells lines.•MIEN1 is a direct target of miR-26b.•MiR-26b inhibited invasion and migration of NSCLC cells by targeting MIEN1.•MiR-26b regulates NF-κB/MMP-9/VEGF pathway.
PDF
