The effect of 50 ppm F as sodium fluoride in the drinking water for 15 weeks on bone, plasma, and urinary cAMP levels, and on bone alkaline and acid phosphatase activities have been investigated in ...rats stressed with calcium deficiency and/or lactation, as well as in normal rats. Lactation and calcium deficiency (0.1 % calcium in diet) was found to cause an increase in urinary cAMP excretion but did not cause any significant alteration in plasma and bone cAMP levels. Bone alkaline and acid phosphatase activities were lower in lactating rats furnished the 1.0% calcium diet when compared to the nonlactating controls. Fluoride had no effect on all parameters studied.
Eimeria tenella, ultrastructural localization of monoclonal IgG antibodies against sporozoites in and on oocysts, sporocysts, and sporozoites, some monoclonal antibodies caused complement-mediated ...lysis of sporozoites
Chimpanzees chronically infected with hepatitis-B virus showed transient changes in several markers of infection when treated with the interferon inducer polyriboinosinic-polyribocytidylic ...acid-poly-l-lysine carboxymethyl cellulose. Serum Dane-particle-associated D.N.A. polymerase, e antigen and hepatitis-B surface antigen, and intrahepatic hepatitis-B surface and core antigens diminished during treatment. Defective (D.N.A.-polymerase-negative) Dane particles increased in titre transiently during treatment; these may play a role in the modulation of hepatitis-B virus infection. Humoral immune responses in chronic hepatitis-B carrier chimps were unaffected. Interferon inducers (or exogenous interferon) may be useful for the treatment of chronic hepatitis-B virus infection.
This paper discusses an application of a new testing method, Thermal Transmission line Testing (T/sup 3/) for dense packaging interconnects based on measurements of transient thermal signatures along ...the circuits. The T/sup 3/ methodology has several advantages over current electrical test systems that require numerous built-in module test points and special interconnect probe fixtures designed to reduce their influence on the measurement. The T/sup 3/ system consists of a low power laser, providing a heating pulse to the circuit, together with an IR camera which detects and measures the thermal pulse propagating down the interconnect conductor. The measurement is non-contact, requiring no special interconnect probes. Furthermore, the thermal tests are locally self isolating, meaning that it doesn't matter if the circuit under test is properly terminated or not, since the low power thermal signal decays rapidly. The application of the T/sup 3/ interconnect evaluation technology discussed is the estimation of the contact resistance of TAB Inner Lead Bonds (ILB) and a comparison of these estimates with the subsequent pull test analyses of the leads. A negative trend of ILB contact resistance with bond pull strength is indicated.
Non-A, non-B post-transfusion hepatitis Dienstag, J L; Purcell, H R; Alter, H J ...
The Lancet (British edition),
1977-Mar-12, Volume:
1, Issue:
8011
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
To clarify the role of hepatitis-A virus (H.A.V.) in the aetiology of post-transfusion hepatitis unrelated to hepatitis-B virus, we have tested and titred pre-transfusion and convalescent serum ...samples from 32 patients for antibody to hepatitis-A antigen (anti-HA) by quantitative immune adherence haemagglutination. 12 patients had no detectable anti-HA in either pre-transfusion or late convalescent serum; the other 20 had anti-HA in pretransfusion serum and no significant chance in titre during convalescence. This study excludes H.A.V. as the agent responsible for these cases of post-transfusion hepatitis and supports the existence of "non-A, non-B" hepatitis virus(es).
7 members of a family of 14 developed acute viral hepatitis approximately one month after a family outing. Epidemiological investigation incriminated incompletely cooked mussels (Mytilus edulis) as ...the vehicle of infection and revealed a statistically significant difference in attack-rates between mussel-ingesters (70%) and non-ingesters (0%) (P=0-035). The aetiological role of hepatitis-A virus, suspected on epidemiological grounds, was serologically confirmed by the demonstration of rises in titres of serum-antibody to hepatitis-A antigen (serologically related to the MS-1 strain of hepatitis-A virus), determined by immune adherence haemagglutination.
During a 33‐month period, 295 patients with acute viral hepatitis were admitted to a state hospital for civil servants and their dependents in Sao Paulo, Brazil. Seventy‐nine per cent (232) were ...HBsAg negative. To define the contribution of non‐A, non‐B viral hepatitis to hepatitis morbidity in this population, further serological studies were performed in 147 confirmed HBsAg‐negative patients. One hundred and twelve (76%) were serologically classified as hepatitis A based on identification of IgM antibody to hepatitis A virus. Thirty patints (20%) without IgM antibody to hepatitis A virus, HBsAg, or anti‐HBc were categorized as the non‐A, non‐B hepatitis group. The remaining five patients had probable hepatitis B (IgM antibody to hepatitis A virus negative, HBsAg negative, anti‐HBs negative but anti‐HBc positive). These data suggest that all three etiological forms of viral hepatitis are endemic in Sao Paulo.
Epidemiological, clinical, and laboratory features were compared in the hepatitis A and non‐A, non‐B hepatitis groups. Patients with non‐A, non‐B hepatitis were significantly older than patients with hepatitis A (mean age ± S.D.: 30 ± 22 years vs. 9 ± 9 years, p < 0.001). Contact with hepatitis or jaundice was recognized in 26 (23%) of 112 hepatitis A patients and 3 (10%) of 30 non‐A, non‐B patients, a difference which was not statistically significant. Parenteral exposures were identified in 13 (43%) of 30 patients with non‐A, non‐B hepatitis and 23 (21%) of the 112 hepatitis A patients. Blood transfusion in the 2 months preceding onset of illness was reported in 5 (17%) of the 30 non‐A, non‐B patients and in none of the hepatitis A group (p < 0.001). Although prodromal symptoms and fever were more common in patients with hepatitis A, neither these nor other clinical features appeared to be distinguishing characteristics. Similarly, mean peak SGPT levels, peak SGPT levels of > 1,000 HJ/per liter, and the mean duration of SGPT elevations for each group were not significantly different. Mean peak serum bilirubin levels were slightly higher in the non‐A, non‐B group than in the hepatitis A group (7.6 ± 8.0 mg per dl vs. 5.1 ± 2.7, p < 0.01) and peak bilirubin levels > 10 mg per dl were found in 27% of the non‐A, non‐B group and 5% of the hepatitis A group (p < 0.001). Whether the higher bilirubin levels reflect an agent‐related phenomenon or an older population of affected patients is uncertain.
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