Future development in spintronic devices will require an advanced control of spin currents, for example by an electric field. Here we demonstrate an approach that differs from previous proposals such ...as the Datta and Das modulator, and that is based on a van de Waals heterostructure of atomically thin graphene and semiconducting MoS
. Our device combines the superior spin transport properties of graphene with the strong spin-orbit coupling of MoS
and allows switching of the spin current in the graphene channel between ON and OFF states by tuning the spin absorption into the MoS
with a gate electrode. Our proposal holds potential for technologically relevant applications such as search engines or pattern recognition circuits, and opens possibilities towards electrical injection of spins into transition metal dichalcogenides and alike materials.
The aim of study was to evaluate the effect of high voltage dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) treatments on microbial and physicochemical quality of fresh pork in modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) ...during storage. Fresh pork loins were packaged in gas mixtures of 20:60:20, 40:40:20 or 60:20:20 (O2, N2, CO2), and treated with high voltage DBD at 85 kV for 60 s and stored at 4 °C for 12 days. The data seems to suggest that the total viable counts were lower in treated groups only for days 4 and 8, and only significant on day 12 for the 60% MAP. The 60% MAP+DBD-treated group induced a higher TBARS and carbonyl values (P < .05) than 60% MAP group at 8 and 12 day. These results indicate that the in-package DBD system may be used to improve microbial quality of pork loin during storage. However, a method to overcome deteriorating effects by the treatment on fresh pork color and oxidation should be developed to guarantee consumer's acceptance.
Terahertz (THz) fields are widely used for sensing, communication and quality control. In future applications, they could be efficiently confined, enhanced and manipulated well below the classical ...diffraction limit through the excitation of graphene plasmons (GPs). These possibilities emerge from the strongly reduced GP wavelength, λ
, compared with the photon wavelength, λ
, which can be controlled by modulating the carrier density of graphene via electrical gating. Recently, GPs in a graphene/insulator/metal configuration have been predicted to exhibit a linear dispersion (thus called acoustic plasmons) and a further reduced wavelength, implying an improved field confinement, analogous to plasmons in two-dimensional electron gases (2DEGs) near conductive substrates. Although infrared GPs have been visualized by scattering-type scanning near-field optical microscopy (s-SNOM), the real-space imaging of strongly confined THz plasmons in graphene and 2DEGs has been elusive so far-only GPs with nearly free-space wavelengths have been observed. Here we demonstrate real-space imaging of acoustic THz plasmons in a graphene photodetector with split-gate architecture. To that end, we introduce nanoscale-resolved THz photocurrent near-field microscopy, where near-field excited GPs are detected thermoelectrically rather than optically. This on-chip detection simplifies GP imaging as sophisticated s-SNOM detection schemes can be avoided. The photocurrent images reveal strongly reduced GP wavelengths (λ
≈ λ
/66), a linear dispersion resulting from the coupling of GPs with the metal gate below the graphene, and that plasmon damping at positive carrier densities is dominated by Coulomb impurity scattering.
Antibiotics abusing caused multi-drug resistant bacteria was an urgent need to develop effective alternatives to antibiotics. L-Cysteine is an amino acid commonly found in organisms, which is usually ...used as food additive and detoxication, while the antibacterial activity of L-Cysteine against pathogenic bacteria is rarely reported. Here, we demonstrated the broad-spectrum and selected antibacterial properties of D-/L-Cysteine, for the first time, D-Cysteine (D-Cys) and L-Cysteine (L-Cys) exhibited distinct antibacterial activity based on different bacteria (Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Listeria monocytogenes and Salmonella enteritis). Among the four bacteria, L-Cys exhibited preferred antibacterial activity against S. aureus, while D-Cys showed stronger antibacterial activity against other three bacteria compared with L-Cys. Through analyzing cell structure of E. coli, it was demonstrated that D/L-Cys could destroy the integrity of E. coli cell membrane, which further resulted in the leakage of cell contents and cell death. This work has a potential value for the development of chiral bacteriostatic materials.
•A selective antimicrobial activity of D-/L-Cysteine on different bacteria was firstly reported.•D-Cysteine showed a broad spectrum antimicrobial activity against four bacteria.•L-Cysteine showed a preferred and strong antimicrobial activity against S. aureus.•D-/L-Cysteine resulted in the damage of bacterial cell membrane and further caused cell death.•This work provides new insights for developing antibacterial agents with selective efficiency.
Electrical generation and detection of pure spin currents without the need of magnetic materials are key elements for the realization of full electrically controlled spintronic devices. In this ...framework, achieving a large spin-to-charge conversion signal is crucial, as considerable outputs are needed for plausible applications. Unfortunately, the values obtained so far have been rather low. Here we exploit the spin Hall effect by using Pt, a non-magnetic metal with strong spin-orbit coupling, to generate and detect pure spin currents in a few-layer graphene channel. Furthermore, the outstanding properties of graphene, with long-distance spin transport and higher electrical resistivity than metals, allow us to achieve in our graphene/Pt lateral heterostructures the largest spin-to-charge output voltage at room temperature reported so far in the literature. Our approach opens up exciting opportunities towards the implementation of spin-orbit-based logic circuits and all electrical control of spin information without magnetic field.Spintronic devices with full electrical control rely on electrical generation and detection of spin currents in the absence of magnetic materials. Here, the authors use Pt, a non-magnetic metal, to generate and detect pure spin currents in a few-layer graphene channel, achieving a remarkable spin-to-charge voltage signal at room temperature.
Abstract
Background
With an increasing incidence of obesity, the relationship between obesity and body image has become a hot research topic worldwide. From high school to university, young people ...experience changes in their social environment. University students have a high incidence of eating disorders and insufficient physical activity. The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between body dissatisfaction, insufficient physical activity, and disordered eating behaviors among university students in southern China.
Methods
In total, 1296 university students aged 18–23 years were recruited for this study. The participants completed anthropometric measurements, the Physical Activity Rating scale-3 (PARS-3), and the Chinese-Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire (C-DEBQ). The ideal weight and silhouette were reported by university students using a questionnaire.
Results
Compared with men, young women had a higher level of body dissatisfaction. For men, body mass index (BMI; β = 0.76,
P
< 0.01), physical activity score (β = − 0.11,
P
< 0.01), and restrained eating score (β = 0.10,
P
< 0.01) were the significant factors predictive of body dissatisfaction. For women, BMI (β = 0.57,
P
< 0.01), muscle mass (β = 0.12,
P
< 0.01), physical activity score (β = − 0.11,
P
< 0.01), and restrained eating score (β = 0.09,
P
< 0.01) were the significant factors predictive of body dissatisfaction.
Conclusions
University students with high body dissatisfaction had lower physical activity scores and higher restrained eating scores. The data presented here highlight the impact of university students’ body dissatisfaction on physical activity deficiency and disordered eating behaviors in China.
Climate change-induced weather events, such as extreme temperatures, prolonged drought spells, or flooding, pose an enormous risk to crop productivity. Studies on the implications of multiple ...stresses may vary from those on a single stress. Usually, these stresses coincide, amplifying the extent of collateral damage and contributing to significant financial losses. The breadth of investigations focusing on the response of horticultural crops to a single abiotic stress is immense. However, the tolerance mechanisms of horticultural crops to multiple abiotic stresses remain poorly understood. In this review, we described the most prevalent types of abiotic stresses that occur simultaneously and discussed them in in-depth detail regarding the physiological and molecular responses of horticultural crops. In particular, we discussed the transcriptional, posttranscriptional, and metabolic responses of horticultural crops to multiple abiotic stresses. Strategies to breed multi-stress-resilient lines have been presented. Our manuscript presents an interesting amount of proposed knowledge that could be valuable in generating resilient genotypes for multiple stressors.
Drug-resistant bacterial infections exhibit a major threat to public health. Thus, exploring a novel antibacterial with efficient inhibition is urgently needed. Herein, this paper describes three ...types of MSNs (MSNs-FC2-R1, MSNs-FC2-R0.75, MSNs-FC2-R0.5) with controllable pore size (4-6 nm) and particle size (30-90 nm) that were successfully prepared. The MSNs were loaded with tetracycline hydrochloride (TCH) for effective inhibition of
(ATCC25922) and TCH-resistant
(MQ776). Results showed that the loading capacity of TCH in three types of MSNs was as high as over 500 mg/g, and the cumulative release was less than 33% in 60 h. The inhibitory rate of MSNs-FC2-R0.5 loaded with TCH against
and drug-resistant
reached 99.9% and 92.9% at the concentration of MIC, respectively, compared with the other two types of MSNs or free TCH. Modified MSNs in our study showed a great application for long-term bacterial growth inhibition.
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