Memcapacitor and meminductor are two new nonlinear memory circuit components defined on the basis of memristor. In the absence of physical devices of memcapacitor and meminductor, applying their ...equivalent circuit models into actual circuits to explore the characteristics of memcapacitor- and meminductor-based nonlinear circuits is meaningful. In this paper, a nonlinear oscillating circuit is designed based on the given nonvolatile memcapacitor and meminductor models, whose memory characteristics are analyzed using POP method in detail, and a series of dynamic characteristics of the novel chaotic circuit are analyzed, including Poincaré section, equilibrium point, system stability, bifurcation diagrams, Lyapunov exponent spectrums and dynamic map of the system. By analyzing the influence of parameters on system dynamics, the evolutionary law of the system is obtained, which helps to better use of this chaotic oscillator in possible application areas like communication encryption and synchronization approach dependent on the initial setting. In particular, coexisting attractors are found under different initial values, by drawing the attractive basin, four different types of attractors in the system are discovered, and from the attractive basin, the evolutionary process of the system under different initial values is obtained. Finally, the validity of the system is verified by DSP experiment, and the experimental results are consistent with the theoretical analysis.
As the herbicide acetochlor (ACT) affects the plankton food web, this study investigated the effects of ACT and exocrine infochemicals from daphnids (after ACT exposure and/or starvation) on ...Scenedesmus obliquus growth, as well as the effects of ACT and starvation on life-history traits of Daphnia magna. Filtered secretions from daphnids increased algal ACT tolerance, dependent on different ACT exposure histories and food intake. Endogenous and secretory metabolite profiles of daphnids following ACT and/or starvation appear to be regulated by the fatty acid synthesis pathway and sulfotransferases and were related to energy allocation trade-offs. Oleic acid (OA) and octyl sulfate (OS), screened by secreted and somatic metabolomics, affected algal growth and ACT behavior in the algal culture in opposite ways. Trophic and non-trophic interspecific effects caused by ACT were observed in microalgae-daphnid microcosms, including algal growth inhibition, daphnid starvation, OA down-regulation, and OS up-regulation. Based on these findings, risk assessment of ACT on the freshwater plankton communities should take species interactions into account.
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•Acetochlor (ACT) inhibited algal growth and leads to daphnid starvation.•Oleic acid and octyl sulfate from daphnid secretions altered algal response to ACT.•Daphnid secretion under stress was related to energy allocation.•Trophic relationships and chemical communication were observed in microcosms.•Interspecific interactions after herbicide exposure affected freshwater plankton.
► We investigate a novel approach for generating multi-wing chaotic attractors. ► We introduce a fundamental fractional differential nominal linear system. ► A proper nonlinear state feedback ...controller is designed. ► The controlled system can generate fractional-order multi-wing chaotic attractors.
In this paper, a novel approach is proposed for generating multi-wing chaotic attractors from the fractional linear differential system via nonlinear state feedback controller equipped with a duality-symmetric multi-segment quadratic function. The main idea is to design a proper nonlinear state feedback controller by using four construction criterions from a fundamental fractional differential nominal linear system, so that the controlled fractional differential system can generate multi-wing chaotic attractors. It is the first time in the literature to report the multi-wing chaotic attractors from an uncoupled fractional differential system. Furthermore, some basic dynamical analysis and numerical simulations are also given, confirming the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Neonicotinoids can control crop pests with high efficiency and low cost and have quickly swept one-fourth of the global insecticide market since the launch of imidacloprid in 1991. Imidacloprid and ...acetamiprid, the first generation of neonicotinoids, and dinotefuran, the representative of third generation of neonicotinoids, were applied on tomato plants individually to investigate neonicotinoid effects on tomato fruit quality, especially on appearance parameters, sugar, acid, and aroma compounds. Compared with the control, fewer differences in the transcriptome profile, sugar, acid, and volatile organic compound (VOC) contents, and sensory analysis results were shown in dinotefuran treatments than in the other two treatments. Therefore, dinotefuran was more recommended to control pests of tomatoes with less loss of fruit flavor and quality as well as lower ecological risks.
AI applications often use ML/DL (Machine Learning/Deep Learning) models to implement specific AI tasks. As application developers usually are not AI experts, they often choose to integrate existing ...implementations of ML/DL models as libraries for their AI tasks. As an active research area, AI attracts many researchers and produces a lot of papers every year. Many of the papers propose ML/DL models for specific tasks and provide their implementations. However, it is not easy for developers to find ML/DL libraries that are suitable for their tasks. The challenges lie in not only the fast development of AI application domains and techniques, but also the lack of detailed information of the libraries such as environmental dependencies and supporting resources. In this paper, we conduct an empirical study on ML/DL library seeking questions on Stack Overflow to understand the developers' requirements for ML/DL libraries. Based on the findings of the study, we propose a task-oriented ML/DL library recommendation approach, called MLTaskKG. It constructs a knowledge graph that captures AI tasks, ML/DL models, model implementations, repositories, and their relationships by extracting knowledge from different sources such as ML/DL resource websites, papers, ML/DL frameworks, and repositories. Based on the knowledge graph, MLTaskKG recommends ML/DL libraries for developers by matching their requirements on tasks, model characteristics, and implementation information. Our evaluation shows that 92.8% of the tuples sampled from the resulting knowledge graph are correct, demonstrating the high quality of the knowledge graph. A further experiment shows that MLTaskKG can help developers find suitable ML/DL libraries using 47.6% shorter time and with 68.4% higher satisfaction.
In this study, two strains of symbiotic bacteria (SOB-1 and SOB-2) were isolated from Scenedesmus obliquus, and various algal-bacterial mutualistic systems were established under acetochlor (ACT) ...stress conditions. Following exposure to varying ACT concentrations from 2.0 to 25.0μg/L, the capacity for co-cultured bacteria to degrade ACT was enhanced in 7 days by up to 226.9% (SOB-1) and 193.0% (SOB-2), compared with axenic algae, although bacteria exposed to higher ACT concentrations exacerbated algal metabolic stress, oxidative states, apoptosis and cellular lysis. ACT reduced carbohydrates in the phycosphere by up to 31.5%; compensatory nutrient plunder and structural damage by bacteria were the potential exploitation pathways determined based on the inhibition of bacterial infection using a glucanase inhibitor. The ACT-induced reduction in algal antimicrobial substances, including fatty acids and phenolics (by up to 58.1% and 56.6%, respectively), also facilitated bacterial exploitation of algae. ACT-dependent interspecific interaction coefficients between algae and bacteria generated from long-term symbiosis cultures implied that bacteria moved from mutualism (0 and 2.0μg/L ACT) to exploitation (7.9 and 25.0μg/L ACT). The population dynamic model under incremental ACT-concentration scenarios inferred that theoretical systematic extinction may occur in algal-bacterial systems earlier than in axenic algae. These outcomes provide interspecific insights into the distortion of algal-bacterial reciprocity due to the ecotoxicological effects of ACT.
Environmental Implications
Acetochlor (ACT) is a widely used herbicide in agriculture that is distributed throughout aquatic environments worldwide. It is highly toxic to green algae. Here, ACT disruption of the symbiotic relationship between microalgae and bacteria was investigated, evaluating nutrient exchange, algal structural defenses and antibacterial substance levels. This work provides mechanistic and population dynamic insights into the systemic response within microalgae and symbiotic bacteria exposed to ACT, assessing its adverse effects in aquatic planktonic communities beyond its algal toxicity. These insights are helpful to further the ecological understanding of ACT application and pesticide management.
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•Two strains of symbiotic bacteria were isolated from microalgae.•Acetochlor (ACT) altered nutrient exchange and algal antibacterial defenses.•Symbiotic bacteria accelerated ACT degradation but aggravated its algal toxicity.•The interaction of symbionts changed from being mutualistic to exploitative.•Population dynamic simulations predicted the fates of the binary community.
An Image Encryption Algorithm with the Quantum logistic and lorenz Chaotic map, and DNA Coding (IEA-QCDC) was proposed. Relying on some empirical analyzes and experimental results, the designers of ...IEA-QCDC claimed that this strategy can led to a significant enhancement in reliability and security. However, we investigate the essential properties of IEA-QCDC, and then propose an efficient chosen-plaintext attack to crack its equivalent permutation and diffusion key. By analyzing the encryption effect of continuous DNA encryption operations, the mathematical properties of some DNA codes were summarized. In addition, we find out that the iterative sequence obtained by the non-chaotic state is not even resistant to only-ciphertext attacks by analyzing the Lyapunov exponent and bifurcation diagrams of the quantum Logistic map. Aiming at the security vulnerabilities existing in IEA-QCDC, suggestions are put forward to improve the security and practicability of encryption algorithms, which will promote the development of cryptographic design to a certain extent.
•Construct a two-level decision model of monthly electricity trade.•Consider the interaction between monthly and day-ahead markets and risk.•Optimize total monthly electricity trade and hourly ...decomposition simultaneously.
With the development of wind power generation, energy storage and demand side management technology, the schedule of monthly electricity purchase is more uncertain and risky. To enhance the executability and economy of the monthly market and reserve enough space to accommodate wind power, a bi-level decision model, which integrates demand side responses, energy storage, wind power accommodation and day-ahead electricity purchase schedules, is proposed in this paper. In the first layer, the monthly purchase volume and its hourly decomposition schedule are optimized. In the second layer, factors of uncertain day-ahead prices and economic risk are examined, and the corresponding dispatching schedule of energy storage system and thermal power in the day-ahead markets are further optimized to promote the monthly market benefit. The proposed methodology is illustrated using a realistic case study and related affecting factors are analyzed in detail.
Plant growth can be influenced by the application of triazole pesticides as these regulate physiological processes such as plant hormonal levels and enzyme activity. Homology modeling and molecular ...docking studies suggested that inhibition of ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase activity in two trans-stereoisomers treatments hinders starch accumulation during the grain filling stage. A field experiment investigated the effects of metconazole racemate, cis-1R,5S-stereostereoisomer, and cis-1S,5R-stereoisomer application at the flowering stage on wheat grain ripening and yield. The concentrations of racemate and both cis-stereoisomers were detected in wheat plant and grain samples. Compared with the racemate, both cis-stereoisomers were more persistent in the matrices. Treatment with cis-1R,5S-stereoisomer decreased grain weight and yield of wheat by delaying chlorophyll degradation, increasing the ethylene content, and decreasing the level of abscisic acid. The germination of harvested seeds was adversely affected by racemate treatment as a result of gibberellin and abscisic acid metabolism regulation and the transcription of signaling-related genes. Therefore, cis-1S,5R-stereoisomer was recommended to be used as metconazole pesticide at the flowering stage.
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•The stereoselectivity of metconazole on wheat grain development was evaluated.•metconazole cis-stereoisomers exhibited less inhibition on AGPase activity.•cis-1S,5R-metconazole is more recommended for wheat at flowering stage.
In this paper, the security analysis of a bit-level image chaotic encryption algorithm based on the 1D chaotic map is proposed. The original image chaotic encryption algorithm includes bit-level ...permutation encryption, diffusion encryption, and linear transform. Deciphering of it can be divided into two stages. First, bit-level permutation encryption, diffusion encryption, and linear transform can be simplified into bit-level equivalent permutation encryption and equivalent diffusion encryption, which is a key breakthrough point of cryptanalysis. Second, the chaotic sequence generated by this algorithm is independent of the plaintext image. Therefore, the equivalent diffusion key and the equivalent permutation key can be obtained by chosen-plaintext attack, respectively. Theoretical analysis and numerical simulation experiment results verify the effectiveness of the analytical method. Finally, some suggestions are proposed to promote the security of the original image chaotic encryption algorithm.
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