•Ginger extract (GE) and four components exhibited antioxidant properties.•The properties were attributable to hydroxyl groups and solubilizing side chains.•6-Shogaol and 10-gingerol performed better ...at 60°C than 6-gingerol and 8-gingerol.•GE displayed the strongest dose-dependent antioxidant properties at 60, 90, & 120°C.•GE can be used as a natural antioxidant in lipid-containing processed foods.
Lipid oxidation—a major cause of food product deterioration—necessitates the use of food additives to inhibit food oxidation. Ginger extract (GE) has been reported to possess antioxidant properties. However, components isolated from ginger have been rarely reported to inhibit fat oxidation. Herein, antioxidant properties of GE and four pure components derived from it (6-gingerol, 8-gingerol, 10-gingerol, and 6-shogaol) were examined and their properties were compared to those of butylated hydroxytoluene. GE and the constituent components exhibited antioxidant properties that might be attributed to their hydroxyl groups and suitable solubilizing side chains. 6-Shogaol and 10-gingerol exhibited higher activity at 60°C than 6-gingerol and 8-gingerol. Low antioxidant activity was detected at high temperatures (120/180°C). Overall, GE displayed the strongest dose-dependent antioxidant properties, especially at high temperatures, thereby demonstrating that GE can be employed as a natural antioxidant in lipid-containing processed foods.
The aim of study was to evaluate the effect of high voltage dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) treatments on microbial and physicochemical quality of fresh pork in modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) ...during storage. Fresh pork loins were packaged in gas mixtures of 20:60:20, 40:40:20 or 60:20:20 (O2, N2, CO2), and treated with high voltage DBD at 85 kV for 60 s and stored at 4 °C for 12 days. The data seems to suggest that the total viable counts were lower in treated groups only for days 4 and 8, and only significant on day 12 for the 60% MAP. The 60% MAP+DBD-treated group induced a higher TBARS and carbonyl values (P < .05) than 60% MAP group at 8 and 12 day. These results indicate that the in-package DBD system may be used to improve microbial quality of pork loin during storage. However, a method to overcome deteriorating effects by the treatment on fresh pork color and oxidation should be developed to guarantee consumer's acceptance.
Regional integrated energy site layout optimization involves multi-energy coupling, multi-data processing and multi-objective decision making, among other things. It is essentially a kind of ...non-convex multi-objective nonlinear programming problem, which is very difficult to solve by traditional methods. This paper proposes a decentralized optimization and comprehensive decision-making planning strategy and preprocesses the data information, so as to reduce the difficulty of solving the problem and improve operational efficiency. Three objective functions, namely the number of energy stations to be built, the coverage rate and the transmission load capacity of pipeline network, are constructed, normalized by linear weighting method, and solved by the improved p-median model to obtain the optimal value of comprehensive benefits. The artificial immune algorithm was improved from the three aspects of the initial population screening mechanism, population updating and bidirectional crossover-mutation, and its performance was preliminarily verified by test function. Finally, an improved artificial immune algorithm is used to solve and optimize the regional integrated energy site layout model. The results show that the strategies, models and methods presented in this paper are feasible and can meet the interest needs and planning objectives of different decision-makers.
Background:
The latest research identified cuproptosis as an entirely new mechanism of cell death. However, as a key regulator in copper-induced cell death, the prognostic and immunotherapeutic value ...of FDX1 in pan-cancer remains unclear.
Methods:
Data from the UCSC Xena, GEPIA, and CPTAC were analyzed to conduct an inquiry into the overall differential expression of FDX1 across multiple cancer types. The expression of FDX1 in GBM, LUAD and HCC cell lines as well as their control cell lines was verified by RT-QPCR. The survival prognosis, clinical features, and genetic changes of FDX1 were also evaluated. Finally, the relationship between FDX1 and immunotherapy response was further explored through Gene Set Enrichment Analysis enrichment analysis, tumor microenvironment, immune cell infiltration, immune gene co-expression and drug sensitivity analysis.
Results:
The transcription and protein expression of FDX1 were significantly reduced in most cancer types and had prognostic value for the survival of certain cancer patients such as ACC, KIRC, HNSC, THCA and LGG. In some cancer types, FDX1 expression was also markedly correlated with the clinical characteristics, TMB, MSI, and antitumor drug susceptibility or resistance of different tumors. Gene set enrichment analysis showed that FDX1 was significantly associated with immune-related pathways. Moreover, the expression level of FDX1 was confirmed to be strongly correlated with immune cell infiltration, immune checkpoint genes, and immune regulatory genes to a certain extent.
Conclusion:
This study comprehensively explored the potential value of FDX1 as a prognostic and immunotherapeutic marker for pan-cancer, providing new direction and evidence for cancer therapy.
The objective was to investigate the effect of treatment time of dielectric barrier discharge atmospheric cold plasma (DBD-ACP) on inactivation of spoilage bacteria,
Pseudomonas fluorescens
and
...Macrococcus caseolyticus. P. fluorescens
and
M. caseolyticus
were isolated from spoiled chicken carcasses and suspended in liquid media in packages before the samples were treated with DBD-ACP at 55 kV for different times. Ozone concentrations in package headspace and pH changes in bacterial suspensions were measured to assess plasma formation and antimicrobial activity inside packages. Colony formation was used to indicate the inactivation efficacy. Ozone concentrations reached 1000 ppm after a 3-min treatment. pH dropped by more than 0.25 units in bacterial suspensions immediately after a 6-min treatment and 0.70 units after the 6-min treatment and 24-h storage at 4 °C. Populations of both bacteria significantly reduced as the DBD-ACP treatment time increased. The treatment for less than 1.5 min resulted in more than 1 log reductions in both bacteria, which were similar to each other. However, treatments for additional 1.5 min reduced
P. fluorescens
and
M. caseolyticus
populations by more than 4 and 2.5 log cycles, respectively. The difference in bacterial kills between the two types of bacteria extended to the 6-min treatments. Our results demonstrate that treatment times significantly affect the inactivation of spoilage bacteria by DBD-ACP system. After the treatment times are extended for more than 1.5 min, the in-package DBD-ACP treatment has more effects on Gram-negative spoilage bacteria
P. fluorescens
than Gram-positive spoilage bacteria
M. caseolyticus
.
Antibiotics abusing caused multi-drug resistant bacteria was an urgent need to develop effective alternatives to antibiotics. L-Cysteine is an amino acid commonly found in organisms, which is usually ...used as food additive and detoxication, while the antibacterial activity of L-Cysteine against pathogenic bacteria is rarely reported. Here, we demonstrated the broad-spectrum and selected antibacterial properties of D-/L-Cysteine, for the first time, D-Cysteine (D-Cys) and L-Cysteine (L-Cys) exhibited distinct antibacterial activity based on different bacteria (Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Listeria monocytogenes and Salmonella enteritis). Among the four bacteria, L-Cys exhibited preferred antibacterial activity against S. aureus, while D-Cys showed stronger antibacterial activity against other three bacteria compared with L-Cys. Through analyzing cell structure of E. coli, it was demonstrated that D/L-Cys could destroy the integrity of E. coli cell membrane, which further resulted in the leakage of cell contents and cell death. This work has a potential value for the development of chiral bacteriostatic materials.
•A selective antimicrobial activity of D-/L-Cysteine on different bacteria was firstly reported.•D-Cysteine showed a broad spectrum antimicrobial activity against four bacteria.•L-Cysteine showed a preferred and strong antimicrobial activity against S. aureus.•D-/L-Cysteine resulted in the damage of bacterial cell membrane and further caused cell death.•This work provides new insights for developing antibacterial agents with selective efficiency.
Dry-cured bacons were processed using pig bacon belly as material by dry-salting and drying–ripening. Lipolysis and lipid oxidation in intramuscular lipids were studied by evaluating the changes in ...lipid composition, lipolytic enzymes and lipoxygenase (LOX) activities, peroxide value (POV) and TBARS during processing. Lipid composition showed a significant decrease (
p
<
0.05) in phospholipids and an increase (
p
<
0.05) in free fatty acids (
r
=
−0.85,
p
=
0.0004). All lipolytic activities decreased (
p
<
0.05) with increasing process time. Acid lipase showed higher activity than did neutral lipase (
p
<
0.05) throughout the processing. LOX activity increased significantly during salting (
p
<
0.01) and thereafter decreased. High salt content inhibited acid lipase and phospholipase activities but promoted LOX activity. Both POV and TBARS decreased (
p
<
0.05) with temperature rising during the last ripening period, suggesting that rising temperature in this period could lower oxidation indices in products. LOX was closely correlated with TBARS (
r
=
0.94) but not with POV (
r
=
0.36), indicating that LOX could facilitate lipid secondary oxidation.
ABSTRACTThis study examines the impact of temperature and humidity on cotton fiber quality during initial processing. Conducted in a Xinjiang cotton ginning mill, we used the USTER HVI1000 to analyze ...five quality indices: upper half mean length, uniformity, short fiber index, tensile strength, and elongation. Results indicated that temperatures below 13°C increased fiber brittleness, moisture, and significantly reduced length and strength. Optimal conditions were observed at temperatures between 13°C to 20°C with normal humidity, where length and strength were maintained. Above 20°C, the dry environment led to a decrease in these indices. While higher temperatures and lower humidity helped remove impurities and lessen cotton knots, relative humidity below 45% increased static electricity and knots. Despite data limitations, this study moves towards identifying optimal temperature and humidity levels for improving cotton quality during initial processing, providing a theoretical foundation for future enhancements.
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