In this study, a simple and efficient strategy is developed to synthesize rod-shaped α-CaSO
4
·0.5H
2
O crystals with tunable aspect ratio from industrial phosphogypsum only in potassium tartrate ...aqueous solution at a low temperature. Industrial phosphogypsum can be effectively converted into rod-shaped α-CaSO
4
·0.5H
2
O crystals with the assistance of potassium tartrate, and the aspect ratio of α-CaSO
4
·0.5H
2
O crystals gradually decreases from 52 : 1 to 1 : 1 with increasing the concentration of potassium tartrate. The formation process of the rod-shaped α-CaSO
4
·0.5H
2
O crystals in this system involves the dissolution of CaSO
4
·2H
2
O and nucleation of α-CaSO
4
·0.5H
2
O crystals. The tartrate ions from potassium tartrate in this system preferentially bind to (001) and (002) facets of α-CaSO
4
·0.5H
2
O crystals, inhibiting the growth of α-CaSO
4
·0.5H
2
O crystals along the
c
-axis and controlling its morphology and aspect ratio.
The conversion of industrial gypsum to rod-shaped α-CaSO
4
·0.5H
2
O crystals with tunable aspect ratio in a H
2
O system is realized with potassium tartrate.
In this work, a metal-organic framework with free standing basic groups(
e. g
., amino and acylamide groups) decorated in the pore wall was utilized to catalyze the CO
2
cycloaddition reaction and ...its basic properties were tested in Knoevenagel condensation reactions. The results reveal that the metal-organic framework(MOF) material has excellent catalytic activity and high repeatability for the synthesis of chloropropene carbonate from CO
2
and epichlorohydrin with no co-catalyst under mild reaction conditions, suggesting that it is a promising heterogeneous catalyst for CO
2
cycloaddition reaction.
Background: The present study aimed to explore the correlation between calcium-activated potassium channels, left atrial flow field mechanics, valvular atrial fibrillation (VAF), and thrombosis. The ...process of transforming mechanical signals into biological signals has been revealed, which offers new insights into the study of VAF. Methods: Computational fluid dynamics simulations use numeric analysis and algorithms to compute flow parameters, including turbulent shear stress (TSS) and wall pressure in the left atrium (LA). Real-time PCR and western blotting were used to detect the mRNA and protein expression of IKCa2.3/3.1, ATK1, and P300 in the left atrial tissue of 90 patients. Results: In the valvular disease group, the TSS and wall ressure in the LA increased, the wall pressure increased in turn in all disease groups, mainly near the mitral valve and the posterior portion of the LA, the increase in TSS was the most significant in each group near the mitral valve, and the middle and lower part of the back of the LA and the mRNA expression and protein expression levels of IKCa2.3/3.1, AKT1, and P300 increased (p < 0.05) (n = 15). The present study was preliminarily conducted to elucidate whether there might be a certain correlation between IKCa2.3 and LA hemodynamic changes. Conclusions: The TSS and wall pressure changes in the LA are correlated with the upregulation of mRNA and protein expression of IKCa2.3/3.1, AKT1, and P300.
Exploring the spatiotemporal distribution of earthquake activity, especially earthquake migration of fault systems, can greatly to understand the basic mechanics of earthquakes and the assessment of ...earthquake risk. By establishing a three-dimensional strike-slip fault model, to derive the stress response and fault slip along the fault under regional stress conditions. Our study helps to create a long-term, complete earthquake catalog. We modelled Long-Short Term Memory (LSTM) networks for pattern recognition of the synthetical earthquake catalog. The performance of the models was compared using the mean-square error (MSE). Our results showed clearly the application of LSTM showed a meaningful result of 0.08% in the MSE values. Our best model can predict the time and magnitude of the earthquakes with a magnitude greater than Mw = 6.5 with a similar clustering period. These results showed conclusively that applying LSTM in a spatiotemporal series prediction provides a potential application in the study of earthquake mechanics and forecasting of major earthquake events.
BackgroundMitral regurgitation (MR) is one of the most prevalent valvular diseases. Degenerated MR-induced volume overload leads to left atrial enlargement and eventually, atrial fibrillation (AF). ...AF has a negative effect on patient prognosis despite recent advances in minimal invasive transcatheter devices for valve surgery. However, more effective strategies aimed at precisely treating from pathophysiology and genetic perspective are scarce. MethodsThe gene expression datasets, GSE109744 and GSE79768, were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus database and analyzed to identify the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in patients with mitral value prolapse (MVP) and AF. Subsequently, we predicted the extensive miRNA targets, and the protein-protein interaction (PPI) and miRNA-target gene regulatory networks were established. Functional enrichment analyses were performed for the DEGs. In addition, the co-expressed DEGs coupled with their predicted miRNAs and disease phenotypes involved in MVP and AF were assessed. Finally, the immune infiltration in both datasets was examined. ResultsA total of 491 and 180 DEGs were identified in the mitral valve and left atrial specimens, respectively. From these, 11 integrated co-expressed DEGs were identified, namely, PRG4, GPR34, RELN, CA3, IL1B, EPHA3, CHGB, TCEAL2, B3GALT2, ASB11, and CRISPLD1. The enriched Gene Ontology terms and KEGG pathways associated with the DEGs were determined, and the top 10 hub genes and top 3 gene clusters were selected from the PPI network. A prediction of target miRNAs was performed based on the co-expressed DEGs. The enrichment of the co-expressed DEGs suggested that immune and inflammatory responses might be involved in the disease development through multiple immune related pathways, including the interaction of cytokines and chemokines. Notably, this result was consistent with the immune infiltration analysis since the proportions of naïve B cells and memory B cells were significantly different in MVP and AF tissues compared to normal tissues. ConclusionsMR and AF are related, and 11 co-expressed DEGs were found to be significantly associated with MVP with AF, and indeed, these may represent novel biomarkers. Several immune cells were found to contribute to the process of MVP and AF via diverse mechanisms, in particular, antigen-presenting cells.
We aimed to assess whether the cardiovascular effects of intensive lifestyle intervention (ILI) vary for those who can maintain the lower body weight after weight loss through ILI.
In the secondary ...analysis of the Look AHEAD trial, we identified the status of weight loss for the participants in the ILI arm based on body weight time in range (TIR). These participants were allocated to three groups according to body weight TIR: 0% (n = 727), >0% to 50% (n = 656), and >50% to 100% (n = 811). For each group, cardiovascular outcomes were compared with matched participants receiving diabetes support & education (DSE) using 1:1 propensity score matching and Cox regression.
During a median of 9·5 years of follow-up, participants with TIR of >50% to 100% can effectively maintain their body weight after weight loss through ILI; participants with TIR of 0% or >0% to 50% do not achieve or maintain weight loss. Compared with the corresponding matched participants in the DSE arm, participants with TIR of >50% to 100% in the ILI arm had a 45% lower risk of the primary outcome (HR 0·55, 95% CI 0·40–0·76), and no significant effects were found on the risk of the primary outcome in participants with TIR of 0% (HR 1·12, 95% CI 0·86–1·46) or >0% to 50% (HR 1·14, 95% CI 0·85–1·52).
In adults with overweight/obesity and type 2 diabetes, ILI might help in lowering the risk of cardiovascular events when the lower body weight is maintained after weight loss.
None.
Limited studies have focused on the impact of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) to albumin ratio (CAR) on cardiovascular outcomes in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention ...(PCI). Hence, the present study evaluates the association between CAR and cardiovascular outcomes in patients undergoing drug-eluting stent (DES) implantation. We consecutively enrolled 9375 CHD patients undergoing DES implantation. All patients were divided into 3 groups according to their CAR: tertile 1 (CAR ≤.02, n=3125), tertile 2 (.02<CAR≤.06, n = 3125), and tertile 3 (CAR >.06, n = 3125). The primary endpoint was major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events (MACCE). Kaplan-Meier analysis indicated that the incidences of MACCE and MI increased with high tertiles of the CAR (MACCE: 8.7 vs 10.5 vs 12.3%, log-rank P < .001; MI: 3.3 vs 4.0 vs 4.7%, long-rank P = .015). Cox regression analysis suggested that CAR was an independent risk factors for MACCE (HR per standard deviation (SD) increase: 1.07, 95% CI, 1.01–1.14, P = .024), and MI (HR per SD increase: 1.11, 95% CI, 1.01–1.22, P = .028). In conclusion, the CAR is an independent predictor of MACCE and MI in CHD patients.
Soybean is generally grown under rainfed conditions in a humid region, Mississippi, USA. In order to determine how much maximum yield could be increased by irrigation, it is crucial to investigate ...the yield potential (Yp) without any drought stress and yield gap (Yg, between Yp and rainfed yield (Yw)). Further, it is also important to determine the amount of irrigation water needed to alleviate any drought stress during the entire growing season, and conduct cost-return analysis for irrigated soybean. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to: (1) simulate Yp, analyze Yg and determine the irrigation timing and amount needed to achieve Yp for soybean using the Agricultural Policy/Environmental eXtender (APEX) model; and (2) compute water use efficiency (WUE), irrigation water use efficiency (IWUE) and conduct the cost-return analysis on irrigation events. Simulated Yp of soybean without water stress for nine soil types from 2002 to 2014 ranged from 4.47 to 6.51Mgha−1, and was strongly correlated with accumulative solar radiation during the growing season (R2=0.71, P≤0.01). The Yg in dry years was much higher than that in normal and wet years, with average Yg of 1.58, 0.60 and 0.71Mgha−1 for dry, normal and wet years, respectively. Griffith, Sumter and Demopolis soils had the highest average Yg over 13 years, ranging from 1.37 to 1.60Mgha−1. The average irrigation amount was 308, 192 and 157mm in dry, normal and wet years, respectively. The average irrigation amount was 75mm from R1 to R8 stages. The WUE of nine soil types from 2002 to 2014, under non-limiting water conditions, ranged from 9.5 to 13.8kgha−1mm−1. The magnitude of Yg was the principle factor affecting IWUE among nine soil types. The average IWUE over 13 years ranged from 1.8 to 7.8kgha−1mm−1 for nine soil types. Compared with a rainfed condition, average net return of irrigated soybean increased by 93 $ ha−1 (dollar per hectare) among nine soil types from 2002 to 2014. The average net return increased by 195, 58 and 70 $ ha−1 for dry, normal and wet years, respectively.
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