The computer simulation trust evaluation enhances the performance and recognition of the simulation system, but this technology still faces the problem of low calculation accuracy. This research ...proposes a data trust analysis method based on the improved average deviation degree algorithm. First, the average deviation degree and data trust degree are analyzed, and then the average deviation degree calculation model based on the second order oscillation and particle swarm optimization with repulsion factor (SecRPSO) is constructed. Finally, the performance verification and application analysis of the model are carried out. The research shows that the prediction model established based on SecRPSO optimization algorithm has better fitting degree with the real load curve, and has better prediction accuracy and is relatively stable. Comparing the mean error (ME) and absolute mean relative error (MAPE) of three different algorithms, the ME value of the model proposed in this study is 1.5673, while the ME value of Grid search and Basic PSO are 35.0983 and 14.4811, respectively. The ME value of the model proposed in this paper is significantly lower than that of other models. Moreover, its MAPE is generally small, the predicted value can track the change of the actual value, and the error fluctuates within the allowable range of engineering application. The data trust analysis method based on the average deviation algorithm can effectively calculate the expected threshold information of the data, and find out the tolerance threshold. Therefore, this method can be extended to various management data such as finance, engineering, and environmental protection.
In today’s highly developed technology, computer and Internet technology has seen a climax of innovation and its application areas are becoming more and more extensive. Computer simulation technology ...is the direction of computer development proposed in recent years, which can change our way of life to a greater extent. In order to explore the role of finite element analysis in structural analysis and computer simulation, this paper uses ANSYS finite element analysis combined with structural analysis methods and verified by computer simulation examples of welding thermal cycles. The results show that the computer simulation of the simulated temperature curve trend and the experimentally measured temperature curve is basically the same. Absolute error curve increases first and then decreases, basically at 11 s when the maximum, followed by a rapid decline, and then gradually slow down the rate of decline, and eventually converge on 200 °C or 180 °C or so. Such a computer simulation in a certain range to be able to more accurately simulate the welding temperature field, the study of welding problems is very valuable reference. For the simulation speed of computer simulation, combined with the structural analysis of finite element analysis, the running time was reduced by an average of 3.58 min, and the overall efficiency was improved by 21.81%. It shows that the FEA method can effectively reduce the running time and significantly improve the running efficiency. In summary, finite element analysis can optimize common problems in structural analysis, strengthen the analysis effect, and expand the application of computer simulation technology.
Human health risks caused by PM
raise awareness to the role of trees as bio-filters of urban air pollution, but not all species are equally capable of filtering the air. The objectives of this ...current study were: (1) to determine the foliar traits for effective PM
-capture and (2) explore species-to-species differences in foliar PM
-recapture capacity following a rain event. The study concluded that overall, the acicular needle shape made conifers more efficient with PM
accumulation and post-rainfall recapture than broadleaved species. The foliar shape and venation of broadleaved species did not appear to influence the PM
accumulation. However, the number of the grooves and trichomes of broadleaved species were positively related to foliar PM
accumulation, suggesting that they could be used as indicators for the effectiveness of tree PM
capture. Furthermore, the amount of PM
removal by rainfall was determined by the total foliar PM
. Not all PM
remained on the foliage. In some species, PM
was resuspended during the growing season, and thus reduced the net particular accumulation for that species. These findings contribute to a better understanding of tree species potential for reducing PM
in urban environments.
Since nuclear factor of κ‐light chain of enhancer‐activated B cells (NF‐κB) was discovered in 1986, extraordinary efforts have been made to understand the function and regulating mechanism of NF‐κB ...for 35 years, which lead to significant progress. Meanwhile, the molecular mechanisms regulating NF‐κB activation have also been illuminated, the cascades of signaling events leading to NF‐κB activity and key components of the NF‐κB pathway are also identified. It has been suggested NF‐κB plays an important role in human diseases, especially inflammation‐related diseases. These studies make the NF‐κB an attractive target for disease treatment. This review aims to summarize the knowledge of the family members of NF‐κB, as well as the basic mechanisms of NF‐κB signaling pathway activation. We will also review the effects of dysregulated NF‐κB on inflammation, tumorigenesis, and tumor microenvironment. The progression of the translational study and drug development targeting NF‐κB for inflammatory diseases and cancer treatment and the potential obstacles will be discussed. Further investigations on the precise functions of NF‐κB in the physiological and pathological settings and underlying mechanisms are in the urgent need to develop drugs targeting NF‐κB for inflammatory diseases and cancer treatment, with minimal side effects.
This year (2021) marks the 35th anniversary of the discovery of NF‐κB. With so many years of in‐depth research on NF‐κB, people have realized that the NF‐κB signaling pathway plays an important role in inflammation, immunity, cell survival and proliferation. This review summarizes the relevant knowledge of the NF‐κB signaling pathway, inflammation, and cancer. The progression of the translational study and drug development targeting NF‐κB for inflammatory diseases and cancer treatment and the potential obstacles will also be discussed.
This paper studies the leader-following consensus problem for linear and Lipschitz nonlinear multiagent systems where the communication topology has a directed spanning tree with the leader as the ...root. Due to the constraints of communication bandwidth and storage space, agents can only receive uniform quantized information. We first consider the leader-following consensus problem for linear multiagent systems via quantized control. Then, in order to reduce the communication load, an event-triggered control strategy is investigated to solve the consensus problem for linear multiagent systems with uniform quantization. It is shown that leader-following practical consensus can be achieved and no Zeno behavior occurs in this case. Furthermore, the proposed control strategies are extended to investigate the leader-following consensus problem for multiagent systems with Lipschitz nonlinear dynamics. Simulation results are given to demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of the theoretical analysis.
With the increasing number of long tunnelling and urban subway constructions, mixed-face ground conditions are frequently encountered. Rock fragmentation mechanism under disc cutter cutting in TBM ...tunneling through the mixed-face ground is complex and can lead to engineering difficulties. During TBM tunneling in mixed-face ground with soft rock in upper layer and hard rock in the lower layer, reduction of the advance rate and reduced rotational speed of cutter head occur compared with homogeneous ground. As a result, the muck in the working chamber cannot be replaced timely, leading to the formation of mud cake. Additionally, the disc cutters cannot rotate normally and are worn eccentrically and severely. Finally, the cutters collide with hard rock periodically at the interface between soft and hard rock, thus being subject to a huge impact load, even overload on some cutters, resulting in chipping of the cutter ring and damage to the cutter holder. This paper presents numerical analysis of the disc cutter cutting process considering the difference of rock-cutting behaviors of disc cutters in the mixed-face ground with the aid of PFC3D code. Based on the forces imposed on the disc cutter and rock crack propagation, TBM tunneling in the mixed-face ground is investigated. The decrease of the mean rolling force of the disc cutter causes rotation hindering in the disc cutter in soft rock stratum leading to flat cutter wear. The gap of the normal force between the soft rock and hard rock generates the overturning moment of the cutter head, which causes the eccentricity and vibration of the cutter head.
The topic of multi-person pose estimation has been largely improved recently, especially with the development of convolutional neural network. However, there still exist a lot of challenging cases, ...such as occluded keypoints, invisible keypoints and complex background, which cannot be well addressed. In this paper, we present a novel network structure called Cascaded Pyramid Network (CPN) which targets to relieve the problem from these "hard" keypoints. More specifically, our algorithm includes two stages: GlobalNet and RefineNet. GlobalNet is a feature pyramid network which can successfully localize the "simple" keypoints like eyes and hands but may fail to precisely recognize the occluded or invisible keypoints. Our RefineNet tries explicitly handling the "hard" keypoints by integrating all levels of feature representations from the GlobalNet together with an online hard keypoint mining loss. In general, to address the multi-person pose estimation problem, a top-down pipeline is adopted to first generate a set of human bounding boxes based on a detector, followed by our CPN for keypoint localization in each human bounding box. Based on the proposed algorithm, we achieve state-of-art results on the COCO keypoint benchmark, with average precision at 73.0 on the COCO test-dev dataset and 72.1 on the COCO test-challenge dataset, which is a 19% relative improvement compared with 60.5 from the COCO 2016 keypoint challenge. Code1 and the detection results for person used will be publicly available for further research.
•Algal–bacterial granule was rapidly formed and exhibited excellent settling property.•Algal–bacterial granule enhanced the nutrient removal efficiency.•Proteins contributed significantly to the ...formation of algal–bacterial granules.•Algal–bacterial granulation enriched the functional microbial community.
This study aimed to evaluate the properties, nutrients removal and microbial community dynamics of algal–bacterial granules in a lab-scale photobioreactor treating synthetic domestic wastewater. Two identical bioreactors were operated under non-phototrophic (Rc, the control) and phototrophic (Rp) conditions (12 h/12 h dark–light cycles). The results showed that aggregation of algal and bacterial biomass occurred rapidly in Rp, possibly as a granule nucleus, which favored aerobic granulation. Mature algal–bacterial granules had a compact structure and large size as well as exhibited excellent settling properties. In addition, increased biomass production was facilitated in Rp compared to Rc. Notably, increased production of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) was induced in Rp, especially aromatic and tryptophan-like substances, implying that proteins significantly contributed to the formation and stability of the algal–bacterial granules. Further investigations revealed that algal–bacterial granules provided resistance to temperature fluctuations and enhanced the removal efficiencies of organics and nutrients (nitrogen and phosphorus), probably attributable to the enrichment of the Betaproteobacteria, Gammaproteobacteria and Flavobacterium bacterial classes, and Chlorophyta, Trebouxiophyceae and Bacillariophyceae algae classes, whereas Cyanobacteria only occupied a small proportion. These findings demonstrated that the algal–bacterial consortium was conducive to accelerating aerobic granulation, enhancing system stability and improving nutrient removal efficiency.
Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) recovery through anaerobic fermentation is a promising pathway to achieve economic benefits and carbon-emission reduction in waste activated sludge management. ...Although numerous pretreatment approaches have been investigated, alkaline hydrolase blend (AHB) incubation at initial pH 10.0 condition for enhancing anaerobic fermentation has rarely been reported. In this study, the sludge flocs were disintegrated into electronegative particle fragments with extracellular polymeric substance disruption and microbial cell lysis, owing to the synergistic effect of alkali-triggered sludge solubilization and AHB-catalyzed hydrolysis. Substantial sludge hydrolysis and biodegradable organic matter release were thereby induced. After pH 10 + AHB pretreatment for 2 h, numerous SCOD release of 5109 mg/L was achievable, which was approximately 12.4, 2.02, and 1.19 times higher than those in control, pH 10 and pH 10+alkaline protease pretreatments, respectively. Meanwhile, the AHB boosted hydrolysis and biodegradation of dissolved organic matters, promoting a low molecular weight shift in molecular weight distribution. The dissolved organic matter compositions tended to low molecular weight organic matters, accelerating the overall anaerobic fermentation process. Correspondingly, considerable SCFAs of 528.9 mg COD/g VSS was produced through a short-term anaerobic fermentation (3 days), which was 5.6, 1.7 and 1.1 times higher than the maximum SCFAs production by control, pH 10 and pH 12–10+alkaline protease pretreatments, respectively. The produced SCFAs were mostly composed of acetate (58.7%), which could be recovered as biodegradable carbon source. By adopting the AHB-based strategy, economic benefits of 392.4–580.6 CNY/ton sludge SS and carbon-emission reduction of 0.207–0.521 ton CO2/ton sludge SS were achievable. Apparently, the AHB-based strategy is a cost-effective and carbon-beneficial technology for sludge management.
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•pH 10 + AHB pretreatment induced remarkable sludge hydrolysis (SCOD/TCOD = 32.5%).•AHB facilitated DOMs hydrolysis and biodegradation with low molecular weight shift.•Alkali-triggered sludge solubilization and AHB-catalyzed hydrolysis was proposed.•SCFAs of 349.9 mg COD/g SS was produced by a short-term anaerobic fermentation.•Carbon recovery with economic and carbon-emission reduction benefits were assessed.
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