Research has revealed that mobile phone addiction was a risk factor for poor sleep quality, however, little is known about the underlying mechanisms that may mediate or moderate this association. ...This study examined the mediating role of rumination and moderating role of mindfulness in the association between mobile phone addiction and sleep quality. A sample of 1196 Chinese adolescents was recruited to complete measures of mobile phone addiction, sleep quality, rumination and mindfulness. Results showed that rumination partially mediated the relationship between mobile phone addiction and sleep quality. Besides, both the effect of mobile phone addiction on sleep quality and the mediating effect of rumination were moderated by mindfulness, and both of the two effects were stronger for individuals with lower mindfulness. The present study can advance our understanding of how and when mobile phone addiction leads to poor sleep quality. Limitations and implications of this study are discussed.
•Mobile phone addiction was significantly correlated with sleep quality in adolescents.•Rumination partially mediated the relation between mobile phone addiction and sleep quality.•Mindfulness moderated the relation between mobile phone addiction and sleep quality.•Mindfulness moderated the mediating role of rumination in the relation between mobile phone addiction and sleep quality.
Cyberbullying victimization has been identified as a significant vulnerability factor in the development of adolescents' depression and anxiety. However, little is known about the underlying ...processes that may mediate or moderate these relationships. The present study examined hopelessness as a mediator and self-compassion as a moderator in the relations between cyberbullying victimization and symptoms of depression and anxiety. The sample consisted of 489 Chinese early adolescents aged from 11 to 15 years (M = 12.67, SD = 0.75; 43.6% girls) who completed measures of cyberbullying victimization, hopelessness, self-compassion, depression, and anxiety. Bias-corrected bootstrap method was employed to test the proposed moderated mediation models. Results indicated that after controlling for participants’ gender and age, hopelessness partially mediated the relationships between cyberbullying victimization and depression as well as anxiety. The direct effects of cyberbullying victimization on depression and anxiety, and the mediation effects of hopelessness were moderated by self-compassion. Specifically, these effects were much stronger for adolescents with lower self-compassion. The present study can extend our knowledge about how, when, and when of how cyberbullying victimization is related to depression and anxiety. Limitations and practical implications of this study are further discussed.
•Cyberbullying victimization (CV) was positively related to depression/anxiety.•Hopelessness mediated the relations between CV and depression/anxiety.•Self-compassion moderated the direct relations between CV and depression/anxiety.•Self-compassion moderated the mediating effects of hopelessness.
Although cyberbullying, a new type of aggressive behavior via electronic means, has been found to be strongly linked with individuals’ personality characteristics, few studies to date have ...investigated its relationship with narcissism, especially overt and covert narcissism. The current study tested the associations between overt and covert narcissism on one hand and cyberbullying perpetration and victimization on the other. To explain these differences further, self-esteem was tested as a mediator through which the two types of narcissism may exert their influences on cyberbullying. An anonymous questionnaire was completed by 814 Chinese adolescents aged 11 to 18. Results of multiple regression analyses indicated that after controlling for gender and student status (middle or high school students), covert narcissism positively predicted both cyberbullying perpetration and victimization, whereas overt narcissism had no association with either perpetration or victimization. Furthermore, when gender and student status were controlled, self-esteem mediated the relationships between overt/covert narcissism and cyberbullying perpetration and victimization, highlighting the possibility that self-esteem is an explanatory mechanism for the associations between the two types of narcissism and cyberbullying. These findings suggest that interventions aimed at reducing engagement in cyberbullying may be more urgent and important for individuals with high levels of covert narcissism. Boosting self-esteem needs to be particularly highlighted in developing anti-bullying measures and policies.
The lithium–oxygen (Li–O2) battery with high energy density of 3860 Wh kg−1 represents one of the most promising new secondary batteries for future electric vehicles and mobile electronic devices. ...However, slow oxygen reduction/oxygen evolution (ORR/OER) reaction efficiency and unstable cycling performance restrain the practical applications of the Li–O2 battery. Herein, Ru‐modified nitrogen‐doped porous carbon‐encapsulated Co nanoparticles (Ru/Co@CoNx–C) are synthesized through reduction of Ru on metal–organic framework (MOFs) pyrolyzed derivatives strategies. Porous carbon polyhedra provide channels for reactive species and stable structure ensures the cyclic stability of the catalyst; abundant Co–Nx sites and high specific surface area (353 m2 g−1) provide more catalytically active sites and deposition sites for reaction products. Theoretical calculations further verify that Ru/Co@CoNx–C can regulate the growth of Li2O2 to improve reversibility of Li–O2 batteries. Li–O2 batteries with Ru/Co@CoNx–C as cathode catalyst achieve small voltage gaps of 1.08 V, exhibit excellent cycle stability (205 cycles), and deliver high discharge specific capacity (17050 mAh g−1). Furthermore, pouch‐type Li–O2 batteries that maintain stable electrochemical performance output even under conditions of bending deformation and corner cutting are successfully assembled. This study demonstrates Ru/Co@CoNx–C catalyst's great application potential in Li–O2 batteries.
A composite catalyst of highly dispersed Ru–Co nanoparticles and nitrogen‐doped carbon polyhedron is prepared as Li–O2 cathode. The stable porous carbon structure, uniformly dispersed, and abundant Co–Nx active sites, and the presence of the ultrafine Ru nanoparticles enables efficient and reversible formation and decomposition of Li2O2 with low overpotential and high discharge specific capacity.
•Traditional and cyber bullying victimization did not predict psychosocial problems.•Adolescents with psychosocial problems were more likely to be bullied.•Psychosocial problems showed no distinct ...effects on two types of bullying victimization.•Boys high in loneliness tended to experience more cyberbullying victimization.
Traditional bullying and cyberbullying victimization are associated with adolescents’ mental health problems, but the temporal sequence of these relations remains unclear. The present study analyzed the temporal and reciprocal relationships between both types of bullying victimization and six frequent psychosocial problems during adolescence: depression, general anxiety, stress, low self-esteem, social anxiety, and loneliness.
A total of 661 Chinese adolescents in grades 7 and 8 at the initial wave of the study responded to the survey items assessing their bullying victimization experiences and self-reported psychosocial problems. This research was conducted at three separate time points, over a year and a half period.
Bullying victimization did not predict adolescents’ psychosocial problems. Instead, adolescents with psychosocial problems were more likely to experience bullying victimization. Depression and general anxiety were two common predictors of traditional bullying and cyberbullying victimization. Stress was a specific predictor of traditional bullying victimization, whereas self-esteem, social anxiety, and loneliness were specific predictors of cyberbullying victimization. Psychosocial problems did not differentially predict the two types of bullying victimization. Boys with higher levels of loneliness were more likely than girls to experience cyberbullying victimization.
The present study is limited in terms of its sample selection and self-reported instruments.
This study emphasizes adolescents’ psychosocial problems as the potential risk factors for their future bullying victimization. Education professionals should pay special attention to adolescents’ mental health problems when formulating bullying interventions and programs.
Research has revealed that passive social network site (SNS) use might undermine subjective well-being. However, less is known about the mediating and moderating mechanisms underlying this ...relationship. The current study tested the mediation effect of envy in the association between passive SNS use and low subjective well-being, and whether this mediating process was moderated by gender. A sample of 707 Chinese university students (mean age=19.06years, SD=1.12) completed anonymous questionnaires regarding passive SNS use, envy, and subjective well-being. Results revealed that the association between passive SNS use and low subjective well-being was mediated by envy. Moreover, the mediating effect of envy was moderated by gender, with the effect being stronger for females. These findings contribute to our understanding of how and for whom passive SNS use predict low subjective well-being, and suggest the need to take gender into account in prevention and intervention programs for problematic SNS use.
•Passive SNS use was negatively correlated with subjective well-being.•Envy mediated the relationship between passive SNS use and subjective well-being.•The mediating role of envy was moderated by gender.
Abstract Objective Internet addiction is one of the most common problems among adolescents and effective treatment is needed. This research aims to test the effectiveness and underlying mechanism of ...multi-family group therapy (MFGT) to reduce Internet addiction among adolescents. Method A total of 92 participants consisting of 46 adolescents with Internet addiction, aged 12–18 years, and 46 their parents, aged 35–46 years, were assigned to the experimental group (six-session MFGT intervention) or a waiting-list control. Structured questionnaires were administered at pre-intervention (T1), post-intervention (T2) and a three-month follow-up (T3). Results There was a significant difference in the decline both in the average score and proportion of adolescents with Internet addiction in MFGT group at post-intervention (MT1 = 3.40, MT2 = 2.46, p < 0.001; 100 versus 4.8%, p < 0.001) maintained for three months (MT3 = 2.06, p < 0.001; 100 versus 11.1%, p < 0.001). Reports from both adolescents and parents were significantly better than those in the control group. Further explorations of the underlying mechanisms of effectiveness based on the changed values of measured variables showed that the improvement in adolescent Internet use was partially explained by the satisfaction of their psychological needs and improved parent–adolescent communication and closeness. Conclusions The six-session multi-family group therapy was effective in reducing Internet addiction behaviors among adolescents and could be implemented as part of routine primary care clinic services in similar populations. As family support system is critical in maintaining the intervention effect, fostering positive parent–adolescent interaction and addressing adolescents' psychological needs should be included in preventive programs for Internet addiction in the future.
The present study tested the mediating role of self-control and moderating role of mindfulness in the link between perceived stress and mobile phone addiction. A sample of 899 Chinese adolescents ...completed measures of perceived stress, mobile phone addiction, self-control and mindfulness. Results showed that self-control partially mediated the association between perceived stress and mobile phone addiction. In addition, both the direct association between perceived stress and mobile phone addiction and the indirect effect of self-control were moderated by mindfulness, in that these effects were stronger for individuals with low mindfulness than for those with high mindfulness. These findings advance our understanding of how and when perceived stress is linked to mobile phone addiction. Limitations and implications of this study are discussed.
•Perceived stress was positively correlated with adolescent mobile phone addiction.•Self-control mediated the link between perceived stress and mobile phone addiction.•The direct and indirect effects were moderated by mindfulness.•These two effects were stronger for individuals with low levels of mindfulness.
With the popularity of social networking sites (SNSs), the problems of SNS addiction have been increasing. Research has revealed the association between SNS addiction and irrational procrastination. ...However, the mechanism underlying this relation is still unclear. The present study aimed to examine the mediating role of social networking site fatigue and the moderating role of effortful control in this link among Chinese undergraduate students. The Social Networking Site Addiction Scale, Social Networking Service Fatigue Scale, Effortful Control Scale and Irrational Procrastination Scale were completed by 1,085 Chinese undergraduate students. Results indicated that SNS addiction, SNS fatigue and irrational procrastination were positively correlated with each other, and negatively correlated with effortful control. Further analyses revealed that, SNS addiction has a direct effect on irrational procrastination. SNS fatigue mediated the relationship between SNS addiction and irrational procrastination. Both direct and indirect effects of SNS addiction on irrational procrastination were moderated by effortful control. Specifically, this effect was stronger for people with lower effortful control. These findings help clarify the mechanism underlying the association between SNS addiction and irrational procrastination, which have potential implications for intervention.
•Mobile phone addiction was significantly and positively associated with psychological distress.•Rumination mediated the association between mobile phone addiction and psychological distress.•The ...direct effect of mobile phone addiction on psychological distress could be moderated by the capacity to be alone.•The capacity to be alone could also act as a buffer in the indirect effect of mobile phone addiction on psychological distress via rumination.•Both the direct effect and indirect effect of mobile phone addiction on psychological distress were stronger for adolescents with lower level of capacity to be alone.
With the increasing incidence of mobile phone addiction, mobile phone addiction has been considered to be related to adolescents’ psychological distress. However, the underlying mechanisms of this relation were still unclear. The present study tested the mediating role of rumination and the moderating role of the capacity to be alone in the relation between mobile phone addiction and psychological distress.
754 middle school students were recruited to complete measures of mobile phone addiction, rumination, the capacity to be alone, psychological distress and demographic variables.
Mobile phone addiction was significantly and positively associated with psychological distress, and this link could be mediated by rumination. Moreover, the direct effect of mobile phone addiction on psychological distress and the indirect effect of rumination in this link were moderated by the capacity to be alone. Both these two effects were stronger for adolescents with lower capacity to be alone.
The present study is limited in terms of its sample selection, cross-sectional design, and self-reported instruments.
The present study advances our understanding of how and when or for whom mobile phone addiction is related to serious psychological distress. Education professionals and parents should pay special attention to the psychological distress of adolescents suffering from mobile phone addiction, particularly for those with lower capacity to be alone.
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