This paper pursues the chosen airline network analysis (Air France) and it contains information about the main hub, current fleet operated, numbers of passengers carried over last five years and also ...the visualisation of the airline network for short and long-haul flights based on a leg distance; with the focus on the key (strategy) routes. The case study also focuses on the estimation of required future capacity – as the passenger number will grow, the load factor will be increasing, but in reality, it will just rarely reach more than 90 percent. The estimated number of new planes that will be required in a future by a chosen airline are also incorporated. The very last part is dedicated to recommendations for the airline marketing strategy in connection to their further cooperation with the biggest player on the airplane´s worldwide production on the market, Airbus company.
A radiative transfer model for the determination of UV radiation on arbitrarily oriented surfaces is validated by spectral measurements taken directly on the inner surface of a cockpit window of an ...Airbus A321-231 during a flight from Frankfurt, Germany to Málaga, Spain on 23 August 2018. The simulations consider the UV spectral range from 290 to 400 nm and take into account both the measured spectral transmittance of a cockpit window as well as its construction-related orientation. Comparisons are performed for selected route segments with largely cloud-free conditions. The cruising level of the Airbus on these segments was nearly constant between 11.27 and 11.29 km. UV irradiance measurements at the cockpit window give values within a range of 19 and 26 W m
. The comparison of modelled and measured irradiances show a very good agreement, i.e. the relative differences between simulated and measured values range from -2.1% to +4.3%. In addition, horizontally and vertically oriented sensors are simulated for the same flight. The validation results generally underpin the application potential of the model. As an example of this, UV irradiances incident on differently oriented surfaces, as could occur inside and outside of a future flying taxi on a short-haul flight between Munich and Augsburg at low cruising level, are shown.
•Aircraft parabolic flights are a useful tool for microgravity research.•ESA, CNES, DLR use the Airbus A310 ZERO-G managed by Novespace for their campaigns.•More than 130 European microgravity ...research campaigns were performed since 1984.•More than 1500 experiments were conducted in Physics, Life Sciences and Technology.•The European parabolic flight microgravity research program is the most successful one in the world.
Aircraft parabolic flights provide repetitively periods of reduced gravity whose duration depends on the target reduced gravity level and on the type of aircraft used. Typical durations for a large aircraft varies between approximately 20s for a 0g environment and 32s for a Martian g level environment. This paper presents the European parabolic flights, their objectives, the aircraft presently used and results of some experiments.
‘The US won a $7.5 Billion award from the World Trade Organization against the European Union, who has for many years treated the USA very badly on Trade due to Tariffs, Trade Barriers, and more. ...This case going on for years, a nice victory’, tweeted President Trump on 3 October 2019. The United States (US) won not only the highest amount of retaliation ever adjudicated in the history of the WTO but also an ongoing right to retaliate on an annual basis until such time as the EU had complied by either removing the subsidies it granted Airbus or somehow neutralizing their adverse effects on Boeing. In light of the facts of the case, this ruling has two major shortcomings. First, in sharp contrast with the statutory language and practice until now, the Arbitrator effectively introduced a permanent liability rule into the WTO system through the backdoor. Second, given the way the decision and the associated award has been written, it is simply impossible for the EU to comply because (a) the contested subsidies are no longer in existence and (b) no guidance has been provided on how the EU might go about removing their adverse effects on Boeing if it sought to achieve compliance. Thus, in all likelihood, the EU is saddled with a ruling that obligates it to cough up an annual sum of $7.5 billion USD for an indefinite time period.
Focusing on competitive dynamics, this study examines the strategic issues Boeing has faced in seeking to maintain its leading position in the airline industry. Boeing's status as a first mover in ...the aerospace industry has made it a world-leading company; however, the external environment and various pressures have allowed Airbus to emerge as a strong competitor. By conducting a descriptive case analysis, this paper identifies the competitive issues between these two giants, analyzing continuous action and reaction processes throughout the whole history of the airline industry. Finally, by examining Boeing's main strengths, business diversification options, and risk-taking culture, this paper suggests ways Boeing can retake its place as the industry leader.
With the widening of the US measures three weeks before the end of the Trump administration, it falls on Biden to find a solution for the Airbus-Boeing dispute.