The adulteration of whiskey with analgesics and sedation drugs has been a common practice to prevent hangover the following day and promote loss of consciousness. In both situations, the portable and ...low cost detection platforms are of paramount importance for forensic investigations. This report describes the use of electrochemical paper‐based analytical devices (ePADs) fabricated by pencil drawing for detecting metamizole, paracetamol and midazolam maleate in whiskey. Different types of paper substrates and graphite pencils were initially characterized with ferrocyanide. The best results were achieved using vegetal paper and Aquarelle/6B pencils. ePADs revealed a decrease in current signal indicating a short lifetime, thus limiting their use to disposable sensors. Despite the short lifetime, the graphite pencil ePADs revealed good electrochemical reproducibility (RSD=3.3 %). The forensic feasibility of the proposed ePADs was demonstrated through the analysis of metamizole and paracetamol in whiskey. The limit of detection (LOD) achieved for paracetamol and metamizole were 45 and 20 mg L−1, respectively. ePADs were also tested to detect midazolam maleate in whiskey. The signal recorded exhibited linear correlation in a wide concentration range (25–1000 mg L−1) and a LOD of ca. 5 mg L−1. Considering the disposability and operational simplicity, ePADs offer a good strategy for detecting adulterations in alcoholic beverages at the point‐of‐need.
•Studied characteristics of stock were undesirably affected by severe salinity stress levels.•PanAmerican and Cinderella cultivars performed relatively similar towards salinity stress.•To achieve ...high quality stocks, they should be irrigated with waters with salinities up to 4 dS m−1.
Salinity is one of the most important environmental stresses which generally results in severe damage to plants and plant biodiversity. Growth limitation is of undesirable effects of salinity on plants and trees. Investigating the effects of salinity on characteristics of plants in arid and semi-arid areas can be useful in effective selection of resistant ornamental plants in these areas. This study was carried out to investigate the effects of several levels of salinity (1–5 dS m−1) on two cultivars of stock flower (Matthiola incana L.), i.e., PanAmerican and Cinderella. The results of this study showed that almost all morphological, physiological, and biochemical characteristics including catalase enzyme activity, anthocyanin content, phenolic compounds, and proline content of both studied plant cultivars were significantly affected (P < 0.01) by severe salinity stress levels (5 dS m−1). According to the results, to achieve high quality stock plants, they should be irrigated with waters with salinities up to 4 dS m−1 during growing period. Therefore, the irrigation should be carefully controlled to avoid stresses due to high levels of salinity.
Nobes et al. (2019) combined novel analyses of homicide victimization of British preschool children with a critique of previous research reporting large Cinderella effects (excess risk to ...stepchildren) in this domain. Whereas Nobes and colleagues' empirical contribution is useful, the critique contains factual errors and misrepresentations of the literature in support of their conclusion that the magnitude of such effects has been greatly exaggerated. It has not, as I show by addressing Nobes et al.'s many misstatements and reviewing relevant literature that they ignored. Fatal baby batterings, in particular, have been found to exhibit Cinderella effects on the order of 100-fold or more in many studies in several countries, including Britain. Nobes et al.'s efforts to deny this reality are misguided.
This paper focuses on three film adaptations of “Cinderella” that appeared in the late 1990s and early 2000s: Ever After: A Cinderella Story (1998), A Cinderella Story (2004), and Another Cinderella ...Story (2008). Close reading the details of the movies, particularly the presentation of the Cinderella characters, the relationships between women, and the role that men play, reveals problematic ideologies about gender and power. All these films are postfeminist adaptations of the Cinderella story that have a veneer of girl power and independence, but actually suggest that most females are not trustworthy and that true power lies with the masculine.
Rad je usredotočen na tri filmske adaptacije „Pepeljuge“ koje su se pojavile krajem 1990-ih i početkom 2000-ih: Ever After: A Cinderella Story (1998), A Cinderella Story (2004) i Another Cinderella Story (2008). Pomnom analizom filmova, a naročito Pepeljugina lika, odnosa između žena i uloge koju igraju muškarci, uočavaju se problematične ideologije o rodovima i moći. Odabrani su filmovi postfeminističke adaptacije priče o Pepeljugi koji liku djevojke prividno pridaju moć i neovisnost, a zapravo daju naslutiti da se većini žena ne može vjerovati i da prava moć pripada muškarcima.
Cinderella: the AWESOME Truth is a children’s theatrical production developed with the aim of promoting positive body image and improved self-image. As part of the production’s initial run at the ...Polka Theatre in London, United Kingdom, we conducted an evaluation of the show’s efficacy at improving state positive body image and self-image. Using a single-arm design, we recruited 54 girls and 45 boys between the ages of 5 and 9 years attending a performance of Cinderella with their parents/caregivers, and asked them to complete an adapted measure of state body appreciation at pre- and post-attendance. Participants were also asked to complete open-ended questions about their own uniqueness and awesomeness – two central themes of the production – at both time-points, and their enjoyment of the show at post-attendance. Results indicated that attending the performance improved state body appreciation, self-perceived uniqueness, and self-perceived awesomeness, with small-to-moderate effects. These results were consistent across girls and boys, and enjoyment of the performance was near universally high. Despite limitations – including the lack of a control group and the constrained assessment period – these results suggest that tailored children’s theatre may be a viable method of promoting positive body image in young age groups.
•Attending Cinderella: the AWESOME Truth improved state body appreciation in children.•Effects were consistent across child gender.•Attending Cinderella improved children’s self-image.•Children’s enjoyment of the production was near universally high.
The death of a parent, particularly the mother, is linked to a suite of negative outcomes across the life-course. Compounding concerns for child outcomes are expectations of poor treatment by ...step-parents after parental remarriage. Indeed, folk tales of step-parental abuse abound cross-culturally and are embedded into stories taught to children. To understand why child outcomes might be sensitive to levels of relatedness within the household, evolutionary-oriented research targets patterning in parental expenditure in ways predicted to maximize inclusive fitness. In particular, parents are expected to prioritize investments in their biological children. However, stepfamilies are only formed after children experience multiple unfortunate events (e.g. parental loss, poverty), blurring causal interpretations between step-parental presence and stepchild outcomes. Moreover, stepchildren have been shown to be integral to household functioning, caring for their half-siblings and stabilizing relationships. These results challenge narrow views of adaptive behaviour; specifically, that step-parents, unlike biological parents, do no stand to reap fitness benefits from the care that they provide to their stepchildren. To evaluate these critiques, we analyse the survival outcomes of stepchildren. We include over 400 000 individuals from across a natural fertility period (1847-1940) in the United States state of Utah and examine the consequences of parental loss and step-parental introduction. Our analyses yield three key results: (i) exposure to maternal loss in childhood is associated with elevated mortality risk, (ii) parental remarriage does not increase the risk of mortality among stepchildren compared to non-stepchildren who too had lost a parent, and (iii) stepchildren enjoy higher survival than their half-siblings within the same family. Ultimately, this work contributes to the increasingly recognized importance of cooperative relationships among non-kin for childcare and household functioning. This article is part of the theme issue 'Multidisciplinary perspectives on social support and maternal-child health'.
Nobes et al. (2019) used updated data from the same source-the British Home Office's Homicide Index-as that used by Daly and Wilson (1994) to investigate the Cinderella effect (increased risk to ...stepchildren), and in particular their claim (e.g., Daly, 2022; Daly & Wilson, 1994, 2001, 2008) that stepfathers fatally assault their young children at rates more than 100 times those of genetic fathers. Nobes et al. reported much lower-though still substantial-increased risk to young stepchildren, and little or none to older children, particularly when they took the mislabeling of noncohabiting perpetrators into account. In his Commentary, Daly (2022) largely accepts this analysis, but does not acknowledge its implications for his own findings and claims. Nobes et al. also reported that controlling for father's age accounted for much of the remaining increased risk, and argued that this and other confounding variables are likely to explain most or all of the Cinderella effect. Daly says very little about this too, but instead responds with a series of criticisms, many of which misrepresent Nobes et al.'s account, and most of which are incorrect. Young stepchildren are at increased risk, but if stepparenthood per se (i.e., lack of genetic relatedness) contributes to the explanation, its influence is considerably less than Daly claims.
Public Significance StatementYoung children are much more likely to be injured or killed by stepfathers than by genetic fathers. We discuss the research concerning the extent to which stepchildren are at greater risk, at what ages, and why. We argue that the causes are more complex than stepfathers and children being genetically unrelated-the main explanation proposed by evolutionary psychologists-and more likely reflect adversities that are more commonly experienced by stepfathers and stepfamilies, including parental youth, poor education and mental health, and parents' own histories of violence.
The cover picture illustrates the fabrication process of electrochemical paper‐based analytical devices (ePADs) fabricated by pencil drawing for detecting analgesics and sedation drugs in whiskey. ...Analgesics are commonly used to adulterate alcoholic beverages to prevent the hangover. On other hand, sedative drugs are occasionally added to alcoholic beverages to promote loss of consciousness, amnesia and hallucination in the victim. The ePADs fabricated with graphite pencil were successfully tested to detect metamizole, paracetamol and midazolam maleate, as model drugs, in whiskey samples. Due to the inherent portability, disposability, low cost, operational simplicity and speed, ePADs can emerge as an attractive strategy for point‐of‐need by crime scene or police agents. More details are discussed in the article by Anderson A. Dias, Thiago M. G. Cardoso, Cyro L. S. Chagas, Virgílio X. G. Oliveira, Rodrigo A. A. Munoz, Charles S. Henry, Mário H. P. Santana, Thiago R. L. C. Paixão and Wendell K. T. Coltro. DOI: 10.1002/elan.201800308
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