In this work the central part of the Dinaric mountain chain is considered, i. e. the mountain massif of the Dinara, Troglav and Kamešnica, with the highest level at Troglav (1913 m). The study is ...restricted to the mountain (alpine) associations within climatic region of the distribution of Pinus mugo and submountainous Fagus sylvatica forests (Table 1). Among these alpine communities subalpine and alpine plants are considered and also some taxa of larger vertical spread which take important part in building up this alpine vegetation.
The work treats the geographic flora element, i. e. the flora is classified according to the geographic spread of plants — with the aim to make the basis for determining all other types of flora elements and also to be the basis for the hypotheses on the origin and history of the development of plants. Using the geographic-systematic method selected members of the mountain flora of the Dinara, Troglav and Kamešnica have been examined in detail as regards their most important synonyms and geographic distribution, ecology of habitat and phytocenological connection and phylogenetic relations and their variability (Volarić-Mršić 1972). On the ground of the data obtained, and particularly on the ground of geographic spread i. e. the area of distribution of single plants the author has been able to establish and treat the following flora geoelements (table 2—7): Arcto-alpine (17 species, or 10,7%), 2. Altaic-alpine (5 species, 3,1%), 3. Central European mountainous (48 taxa, 28,3%), 4. Mediterranean mountainous (7 species, 4,4%), 5. South European mountainous (11 species, 6,9%), and 6. Southeast European mountainous (106 taxa, 52,2%). Figural relation of single geoelements is shown in table 9 and Fig. 1 and the relation of seven groups of South-eastern European mountainous geoelement is shown in Fig. 2. From the Southeast European mountain (alpine) geoelement the author has separated and defined a new, Dinaric geoelement (tab. 8) including 51 taxa.
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The refracted longitudinal wave velocities in the Dinarides area have been determined on the basis of the modified time-term method for the dipping Moho discontinuity. The homogeneity of the Earth ...crust is assumed. The results (ranging between 7.85 and 8.45 km s-1) divide the research area into three parts and confirm the complexity of the Dinarides region. The arithmetic mean of the Pn wave velocities (calculated for the entire Dinarides area) is 8.10 km s-1. This value is comparable to the average velocity of 8.14 km s-1 obtained for the Dinarides region by deep seismic sounding.
U radu je izvršena floristička analiza sastava i građe as. Carici-Centaureetum rupestris iz pretplaninskog pojasa Biokova, te istaknuto značenje as. Carici-Centaureetum rupestris za razumijevanje ...fitogeografskih odnosa primorskog lanca jugoistočnih Dinarida.
Izdvojena su dva pretežita pravca pružanja orografskih osi, povezana s prethodonom najnovijom tektonski aktivnom fazom. Predočen je kinematski model retrogradne rotacije struktura i kojem je ...prepoznat temeljni uzrok lučno svinutih gorskih hrptova. Na temelju opisanog modela interpretiran je morfotektonski razvoj SZ dijela gorskog sustava Vanjskih Dinarida u najmlađoj tektonski aktivnoj fazi.
Summary In the karstic domain, dolines can be used as a sensitive indicator of tectonic activity. Even if the development of dolines is primarily the consequence of the rock nature and climatic ...conditions, its spatial repartition is basically determined by the geological structure. The spatial analysis of dolines allows us the measurement of strain and stress to which the studied area has been submitted during recent periods. The Velebit mountain range, as a part of the Outer Dinarides, seems very interesting due to the numerous- ness of dolines and its recent tectonic activity. This analysis has been realised owing to the centre to centre method (Ramsay, 1967; Fry, 1979) as well as to the projection method (Panozzo, 1984), which were, both adapted to the of dolines.
Résumé En domaine karstique, les dolines peuvent être utilisées comme indicateur des relations entre le relief et les accidents tectoniques. En effet, si le développement de ces formes est dû d'abord à la nature de la roche et aux conditions climatiques, leur répartition spatiale est principalement déterminée par la structure géologique. L'analyse de la localisation des dolines permet donc de révéler les déformations dues aux différentes contraintes tectoniques (compression, extension) auxquelles le terrain étudié a été sujet durant les périodes récentes. Dans le cadre de cette problématique, l'intérêt de la montagne de Velebit (région karstique des Dinarides externes), tient à la grande densité de dolines et à sa dynamique tectonique récente. Cette analyse a été réalisée grâce à deux méthodes : la méthode de centre à centre (Ramsay, 1967 ; Fry, 1979) et la méthode de projection (Panozzo, 1984), qui ont toutes deux été modifiées de telle sorte qu'elles puissent être adaptées à l'étude des dolines.
Le Velebit est parmi les chaînes nord-méditerranéennes une des plus importantes pour plusieurs raisons : rôle de la néotectonique, formes héritées (karst conique, pédiments), nombre de grandes ...dépressions glacio-kars tiques, etc... C'est une montagne forestière (à l'exception de la zone dégradée du littoral) à dissymétrie bio-climatique marquée. Les eaux des poljés de la Lika résurgent aux sources sous-marines (vruljés) et dans celles du bassin de la Zermanja. Les études hydrogéologiques, géotechniques et spéléologiques ont montré l 'importance de la karstification profonde, en rapport avec l 'activité néotectonique, les conditions paléo-climatiques et les flux en transit.
Velebit : typical karst range in Dinarides (Croatia).
Velebit mountain is very important amongst the northern-mediterranean ranges, for several subjects, particularly the part of neotectonics, the relics of the ante-pleistocene forms (cone-karst, pediments), the number of large glacio-karstic depressions... The Velebit is a woody mountain (except the degraded area of the Adriatic coast), with an oustanding bio-climatic dissymmetry. The waters of the rivers, absorbed by ponors in the Lika poljes flow to the submarine springs (vrulja) and in Zermanja basin. The hydrogeological, geotechnical and speleological researchs show the importance of the deep karstification, in keeping with the neotectonic activity, palaeoclimatic conditions and amount of the groundwater flow.
