Why Wilson Matters Smith, Tony
2017, 2017., 20170103, 2017-01-03, Volume:
152
eBook
The liberal internationalist tradition is credited with America's greatest triumphs as a world power-and also its biggest failures. Beginning in the 1940s, imbued with the spirit of Woodrow Wilson's ...efforts at the League of Nations to "make the world safe for democracy," the United States steered a course in world affairs that would eventually win the Cold War. Yet in the 1990s, Wilsonianism turned imperialist, contributing directly to the invasion of Iraq in 2003 and the continued failures of American foreign policy.
Why Wilson Mattersexplains how the liberal internationalist community can regain a sense of identity and purpose following the betrayal of Wilson's vision by the brash "neo-Wilsonianism" being pursued today. Drawing on Wilson's original writings and speeches, Tony Smith traces how his thinking about America's role in the world evolved in the years leading up to and during his presidency, and how the Wilsonian tradition went on to influence American foreign policy in the decades that followed-for good and for ill. He traces the tradition's evolution from its "classic" era with Wilson, to its "hegemonic" stage during the Cold War, to its "imperialist" phase today. Smith calls for an end to reckless forms of U.S. foreign intervention, and a return to the prudence and "eternal vigilance" of Wilson's own time.
Why Wilson Mattersrenews hope that the United States might again become effectively liberal by returning to the sense of realism that Wilson espoused, one where the promotion of democracy around the world is balanced by the understanding that such efforts are not likely to come quickly and without costs.
Abstract
Optimism about China's rise has in recent years given way to deep concern in the United States, Australia and the United Kingdom. Drawing on an original set of interviews with China experts ...from each country, and an array of primary and secondary sources, I show that shifting framings of China's rise reflect the dynamics of the US, Australian and UK national security fields. The article highlights three features specifically: first, the US field features a belief that China's rise can be arrested or prevented, absent in Australia and the UK. I root this dynamic in the system of professional appointments and the intense US ‘marketplace of ideas’, which gives rise to intense framing contestation and occasional sharp frame change. I then identify the key positions produced by each field, from which key actors have shaped the differing interpretations of China and its meaning. The election of Donald Trump, a strong China-critic, to the US presidency empowered key individuals across government who shifted the predominant framing of China from potential challenger to current threat. The smaller and more centralized fields in Australia and Britain feature fewer and less intense China-sceptical voices; responses have thereby remained largely pragmatic, despite worsening diplomatic relations in each case.
Palabras clave Política exterior romana, República romana, Confederación Etolia, Celtiberia, Hispania, Tito Quincio Flaminino Abstract This study deals with the foreign policy patterns deployed by ...Rome in Hispania and Greece between 200 and 179 BC. Starting from the precedents of the provincialisation of Iberia (197 BC) and the declaration of freedom of the Greeks promoted by Titus Quinctius Flamininus (196 BC), it proposes a comparative analysis focusing on two specific actors: the Aetolian Confederation and the peoples of Celtiberia. The validity of these constants explains the solutions applied on both fronts, including, according to the hypothesis defended, the creation of a Graeco-Celtiberian federation concealed under the veil of a personal agreement, the viability of which lies, among other arguments, in the resumption of hostilities in Celtiberia after the death of Tiberius Sempronius Gracchus. Keywords Roman foreign policy; Roman Republic; Aetolian Confederation; Celtiberia; Hispania; Titus Quinctius Flamininus 1. En ambas localizaciones, Roma hubo de hacer frente a continuos conflictos bélicos que se sucedieron durante el lapso temporal planteado. De hecho, los castra hiberna erigidos entonces no se materializaron en infraestructuras urbanas duraderas para articular las nuevas provinciae6. Si bien este pudo ser un factor relevante, hay que considerar si el beneficio de la extracción compensaría el gasto que suponía el envío anual de tropas.
