Background and aims. Internet addiction disorder (IAD) is common in university students. A number of studies have examined the prevalence of IAD in Chinese university students, but the results have ...been inconsistent. This is a meta-analysis of the prevalence of IAD and its associated factors in Chinese university students. Methods. Both English (PubMed, PsycINFO, and Embase) and Chinese (Wan Fang Database and Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure) databases were systematically and independently searched from their inception until January 16, 2017. Results. Altogether 70 studies covering 122,454 university students were included in the meta-analysis. Using the random-effects model, the pooled overall prevalence of IAD was 11.3% (95% CI: 10.1%–12.5%). When using the 8-item Young Diagnostic Questionnaire, the 10-item modified Young Diagnostic Questionnaire, the 20-item Internet Addiction Test, and the 26-item Chen Internet Addiction Scale, the pooled prevalence of IAD was 8.4% (95% CI: 6.7%–10.4%), 9.3% (95% CI: 7.6%–11.4%), 11.2% (95% CI: 8.8%–14.3%), and 14.0% (95% CI: 10.6%–18.4%), respectively. Subgroup analyses revealed that the pooled prevalence of IAD was significantly associated with the measurement instrument (Q = 9.41, p = .024). Male gender, higher grade, and urban abode were also significantly associated with IAD. The prevalence of IAD was also higher in eastern and central of China than in its northern and western regions (10.7% vs. 8.1%, Q = 4.90, p = .027). Conclusions. IAD is common among Chinese university students. Appropriate strategies for the prevention and treatment of IAD in this population need greater attention.
Objectives
Online resources are changing patient‐professional relationship and care delivery by empowering patients to engage in decisions in order to cope with their illness and modify behaviors. ...This review analyses the psychological factors associated with spontaneous and health professional–guided internet use in cancer patients.
Methods
Searches were performed in the PubMed (MEDLINE), PsycINFO, and Scopus databases. Studies were included if they involved cancer patients or focused on the relationship between cancer patients and health professionals, describing either patients' spontaneous use of interne or a guided‐structured eHealth psychosocial intervention.
Results
Seventy‐seven scientific papers were finally included. Results described emotional and behavioral outcomes in cancer patients who accessed online information. Internet has long been used spontaneously not only as a source of medical information or symptom management but also for decision making or emotional and social support. Health professionals can guide internet use, providing specific web‐based recommendations and developing intervention programs to better meet patients' needs, such as educational or information programs.
Conclusion
Online access is a complementary form of care that physicians can provide. Patients benefit from online resources, especially when both they and their health professionals increase their engagement with online interventions such as integrated systems or online communities.
Buy It Now, Michele White examines eBay and its emphasis on community and social norms, revealing the cultural assumptions about gender, race, and sexuality that are reinforced throughout the site. ...She shows how instructional texts, rule systems, and advertisements "configure the user," allowing eBay to indicate how the site is supposed to function while also upholding particular values and practices. White details how eBay reinforces stereotypes about gender and sexuality, looking, for example, at descriptions included in wedding dress listings, and how eBay directs individuals to the "Adult Only" part of the website when they use the search terms "gay" and "lesbian." She discloses the ways that eBay promises a caring community but its "Black Americana" category reproduces racism by allowing sellers' narratives that excuse and romanticize slavery and insult African Americans. White also looks at how participants challenge eBay's categories, rules, and values, examining widely used strategies of resistance by sellers and buyers in the lesbian and gay interest listings. By analyzing the organizational and cultural logics present in eBay, White emphasizes how other Internet settings, including craigslist, are not as transparent, community-oriented, and empowering as they claim. She proposes methods for researching and reconceptualizing new media sites.
Industry 4.0, cyber-physical production systems (CPPS) and the Internet of Things (IoT) are current focusses in automation and data exchange in manufacturing, arising from the rapid increase in ...capabilities in information and communication technologies and the ubiquitous internet. A key enabler for the advances promised by CPPSs is the concept of a
digital twin
, which is the virtual representation of a real-world entity, or the
physical twin
. An important step towards the success of Industry 4.0 is the establishment of practical reference architectures. This paper presents an architecture for such a digital twin, which enables the exchange of data and information between a remote emulation or simulation and the physical twin. The architecture comprises different layers, including a local data layer, an IoT Gateway layer, cloud-based databases and a layer containing emulations and simulations. The architecture can be implemented in new and legacy production facilities, with a minimal disruption of current installations. This architecture provides a service-based and real-time enabled infrastructure for vertical and horizontal integration. To evaluate the architecture, it was implemented for a small, but typical, physical manufacturing system component.
Mobile edge computing (MEC) is becoming increasingly popular due to its remarkable computing capacities in close proximity to end users or devices. With the widespread use of Industrial Internet of ...Things, more and more cloud service providers move their services to the edge of the network for a better quality of service and become MEC providers. These MEC providers require to rent wide area network (WAN) connections to transfer industrial data, which is a considerable expense. In this article, we propose a framework called Sublessor to reduce the WAN transmission cost for a group of cooperative MEC providers. The key idea of Sublessor is allowing some specific MEC providers to act as Internet transit brokers, transmitting not only their own network traffic but also the traffic of their partners under a reasonable reselling price. This article formulates the problem as a mixed-integer programming and finds the most suitable broker number and corresponding reselling price without damaging the profit of both brokers and partners by a deep-reinforcement-learning-based algorithm. Experimental results show that our algorithm can significantly reduce the traffic transmission cost by up to 35%.
•Internet gaming disorder (IGD) appears to be a major emerging public mental health condition among young adults in India.•Among the N=40 participants, a significant majority of N=39 (95.89%) were ...male participants who met the criterion for IGD and 39% (N=16) of these participants had only one (N=1) good offline friend.•Around 62% (N=25) of participants reported spending more than 6 hours in a day on use of internet gaming and 47.5% (N=19) played video games for more than 5 days per week.•Multimodal intervention was found to be effective in reduction of internet gaming, technology use and in enhancement among all domains of quality of life with marked changes visible in physical and psychological domains.•Early identification and management of internet gaming disorder among young adults is crucial. This intervention program can be helpful for mental health professionals working in the community with emerging behavioral addictions inclusive of IGD.
Large number of studies on Internet gaming disorder (IGD) have primarily focused on ascertaining its psychological correlates. Few studies have focused on developing and assessing effectiveness of multimodal psychotherapeutic intervention programs. This intervention focused on minimizing salience, pre-occupation, conflict related to gaming and enhancing the overall quality of life, inclusive of psychological health, physical health, and environmental problems in individuals with IGD. At present, there appear to be no such studies in the Indian context.
In this study, we developed and assessed the effectiveness of an intervention manual for IGD. The intervention program consisted of ten 60-minutes sessions with one therapist administering sessions once in each week. The interventions included motivational enhancement strategies, cognitive restructuring, behavioral strategies and relapse prevention. The outcomes from intervention were measured in terms of improvement in IGD, IAT, and overall quality of life. Our assessments, both at baseline and post-intervention consisted of Internet Addiction Test (IAT), Internet Gaming Disorder Test (IGD-20) and the Whoqol-Bref. A total sample of 40 was selected out of which 33 individuals completed the 10 sessions of multimodal psychotherapy program and post assessments.
A total of 40 participants (age: M = 20.25, SD = 5.39) enrolled, out of which 33 completed the entire intervention program of 10 sessions and showed significant improvements. The IAT and IGD-20 showed significant difference in the scores for before treatment (M = 52.88, SD = 16.25) and after treatment (M = 42.87, SD = 11.31; t (32) = 5.10, p = 0.000) conditions; and right before treatment (M = 56.88, SD = 19.25) and after treatment (M = 47.87, SD = 15.31; t (32) = 6.94, p = 0.000) conditions respectively. The internet addiction and internet gaming disorder scores showed a similar degree of severity reductions on the IAT and IGD-20 respectively at the end of week 8. In addition, the participants showed significant improvements in the quality of life inclusive of physical and psychological health post the completion of intervention program.
The sample size of the study was small and assessments for evaluation of other psychological symptoms like depression, anxiety could have been conducted.
The intervention program indicated a substantial change in the IGD scores at post- assessment. A study on a larger sample to assess the validity of the manualized multimodal psychotherapy program for IGD needs to be conducted. In addition, this manualized intervention program can be useful for administering structured intervention for IGD by mental health professionals working in the area of internet gaming disorder.
The economic and societal benefits of broadband have been well documented, including increased access to education, civic engagement, political participation, and public education. However, there ...continues to be disparity between rural and urban areas regarding internet access/speed. With the second highest Midwestern rural population density, this analysis sought to quantify usage of internet services and estimate Indiana residents’ willingness to pay (WTP) for home internet service. This analysis found the mean WTP for residents is between $0.06/Mbps and $0.10/Mbps per month for broadband. Age has a significant positive relationship with WTP for fiber optic internet; subscriber's employment also plays a significant role.
While the industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) can support efficient control of the physical world through large amounts of industrial data, data security has been a challenge due to various ...interconnections and accesses. Blockchain technology can support security and privacy preservation in IIoT data with its trusted and reliable security mechanism. Sharding technology can help improve the overall throughput and scalability of blockchain networks. However, the effectiveness of sharding is still challenging due to the uneven distribution of malicious nodes. By aiming to improve the performance of blockchain networks and reduce the possibility of malicious node aggregation, in this article, we propose a many-objective optimization algorithm based on the dynamic reward and penalty mechanism (MaOEA-DRP) to optimize the shard validation validity model. Then, an optimal blockchain sharding scheme is obtained. Compared with other state-of-the-art many-objective optimization algorithms, MaOEA-DRP performs better on the DTLZ test suite. The simulation results demonstrate that our proposed algorithm can significantly improve the throughput and validity of sharding for better security in the blockchain-enabled IIoT.
Internet use disorder (IUD) presents a growing problem worldwide. Among others, it manifests in loss of control over Internet usage and social problems due to problematic Internet use. Although IUD ...currently is not an official diagnosis in DSM-5 or ICD-10, mounting evidence suggests that IUD indeed could be categorized as a behavioral addiction. On a systemic neuroscientific level, IUD is well characterized and dysfunctions in the fronto-striatal-limbic loop have been observed in persons being afflicted with IUD. On a molecular level underlying these neural dysfunctions less is known. Therefore, the present research investigates the influence of prenatal testosterone as measured
the 2D:4D marker of the hand on IUD. Testosterone represents an interesting hormonal marker, because sex differences in IUD have been observed, e.g., males show higher tendencies toward Internet gaming disorder (IGD) or females toward overusage of online social networks (both compared to the contrary sex). In
= 217 participants associations between the 2D:4D marker of the hand and both unspecified IUD and specific forms of IUD were investigated. It appeared that more female hands (right side; characterized by higher digit ratio of the index to the ring finger, i.e., >1, meaning lower prenatal testosterone) were associated with lower IGD (
= -0.17,
= 0.01,
= 211). This effect was driven by the facet of loss of control of Internet Gaming in the whole sample (
= -0.20,
< 0.01,
= 211) and the female subsample (
= -0.20,
= 0.02,
= 137). Aside from this, a negative association appeared between the facet of loss of control of generalized IUD and the right digit ratio in males underlining earlier work. In sum, the present work demonstrates that the 2D:4D marker is an interesting marker for Internet addiction and can be easily included as a biomarker to understand the biological underpinnings of Internet (over-)usage.
The paper proposes a systematic literature review emphasising scholars’ view on the role of IoT in shaping and developing business models of companies. Providing a deep understanding of the state of ...the art, the paper drafts implications and valuable insights to address future research. A two-decade study of the connection of Internet of Things and business models has been investigated using Scopus and ISI web of science databases as leading sources to get access to the articles. The diffusion of Internet of things needs to be investigated along its implications for corporate business models, such as modifications in the production process, interaction with customers and in the identification of the corporate building blocks. This study provides for the first time a systematic connection among IoT and Business models towards the lens of business, management and accounting field, providing valuable implications, insights and emerging issues.
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