The series of Interviews continues Slovenian, Yugoslav, and Dinaric speleobiologist Boris Sket. His interest in subterranean fauna started in childhood. Professor Sket is one of the pioneering ...speleobiologists in Slovenia. As a professor at University of Ljubljana, he has been exploring all aspects of cave fauna since 1950s. He also brought speleobiology to University curriculum. He can be considered as a founder of SubBio Lab, a progressive group of speleobiologists from the University of Ljubljana.
The response patterns across the fieldwork period are analyzed in the context of a panel study with a sequential mixed-mode design including a self-administered online questionnaire and a ...computer-assisted telephone interview. Since the timing of participation is modelled as a stochastic process of individuals’ response behaviour, event history analysis is applied to reveal time-constant and time-varying factors that influence this process. Different distributions of panelists’ propensity for taking part in the web-based survey or, alternatively, in the computer-assisted telephone interview can be considered by hazard rate analysis. Piecewise constant rate models and analysis of sub-episodes demonstrate that it is possible to describe the time-related development of response rates by reference to individuals’ characteristics, resources and abilities, as well as panelists’ experience with previous panel waves. Finally, it is shown that exogenous factors, such as a mixed-mode survey design, the incentives offered to participants and the reminders that are sent out, contribute significantly to time-related response after the invitation to participate in a survey with a sequential mixed-mode design. Overall, this contribution calls for a dynamic analysis of response behaviour instead of the categorization of response groups.
Proper assessment and diagnosis of eating disorders (EDs) are critical to determine to whom prevention and treatment efforts should be targeted, the extent to which treatment is working, and when an ...individual has recovered. Although existing ED diagnostic interviews have numerous strengths, they also have certain limitations, including poor internal consistency, low discriminant validity, and poor factor-structure replicability. The purpose of the current study was to address problems of past ED diagnostic interviews through the creation of a new clinician-rated interview-the Eating Pathology Symptoms Inventory-Clinician-Rated Version (EPSI-CRV). The EPSI-CRV was designed to measure dimensional constructs assessed in the self-report version of the EPSI and generate current Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th ed.; DSM-5; American Psychiatric Association, 2013) diagnoses. Participants were community-recruited adults with a DSM-5 ED (N = 257). Participants completed self-report and interview-based measures of eating, mood, and anxiety disorders and self-report measures of psychiatric impairment. The EPSI-CRV demonstrated evidence for interrater reliability, convergent and discriminant validity, and a good-fitting factor structure. EPSI-CRV dimensions showed concurrent validity for distinguishing among ED diagnoses. Baseline EPSI-CRV dimensions significantly predicted psychiatric impairment at baseline but not at 1-year follow-up. Although some scales had lower internal consistency than ideal, internal consistency values were similar to those of other established diagnostic measures. The EPSI-CRV appears to represent a promising new interview that can be used across a variety of clinical and research settings. Interested readers can access the EPSI-CRV and relevant training materials here: https://kuscholarworks.ku.edu/handle/1808/29616.
Public Significance Statement
It is important to properly assess and diagnose eating disorders (EDs) to determine to whom prevention and treatment efforts should be targeted, the extent to which treatment is working, and when an individual has recovered. However, most ED diagnostic assessments have problems that limit their usefulness in clinical practice and research. Our results showed that our new diagnostic assessment-the Eating Pathology Symptoms Inventory-Clinician-Rated Version (EPSI-CRV)-performed as well as, or better than, past ED diagnostic assessments. Thus, the EPSI-CRV represents a promising new diagnostic tool for use by clinicians and researchers.
Witnesses to violent crimes are often alcohol intoxicated, but few studies have investigated the impact of alcohol on witness reports. This study investigated how alcohol intoxication and time of ...interview affected reports of intimate partner violence (IPV). One hundred thirty six healthy men (N = 66) and women (N = 70) were randomized to an alcohol group (0.8g/kg for men, 0.75g/kg for women) (N = 70) or control group (N = 66), given juice. Participants consumed drinks in a laboratory setting before they witnessed an IPV scenario. Fifty percent of the intoxicated and sober participants were interviewed ten minutes after viewing the film and all participants were interviewed one week later. For the analyses, participants in the alcohol group were divided into two groups (moderately/highly intoxicated) based on their BAC‐level. Ten minutes after viewing the event, highly (BAC = 0.08–0.15) intoxicated witnesses gave shorter, but as accurate, reports as moderately intoxicated/sober witnesses. All witnesses gave shorter and less accurate reports one week later compared to immediately after. However, an immediate interview increased completeness one week later. In general, time and high intoxication made witnesses give less detailed accounts of actions and verbal information, but not of objects. Highly intoxicated witnesses reported less actions and verbal information in all interviews, while information regarding objects was reported to a similar extent. At the present BAC‐level, it is beneficial to conduct an immediate free recall interview with intoxicated witnesses to obtain a maximum amount of correct information and minimize the negative effect of time.
In the interview with Sandra Russ, one of most prolific creativity researchers, we discuss her career, main areas of research interest, chosen research methods and share her thoughts about the future ...of research on creativity and effectiveness in scientific work.
Capturing the voices of the ‘disadvantaged’ in society may often be difficult to achieve. In this article, we argue that the combination of data triangulation and a ‘slow’ interview technique may be ...a good method when the target group is vulnerable people who may find the interview challenging. Data triangulation can reveal a social phenomenon’s complexity by providing a fuller picture, while in-depth interviews and a ‘slow’ interview technique can enhance data quality. We present an alternative to what we perceive as being dominant and tacit support for use of voice recordings in interview-based studies, thus our research approach goes against the current flow in the research community. In the absence of a voice recording, the quality of the interview can be assured through cooperation between the researcher and the informant. We also discuss the importance of establishing trust when meeting the informant in order to ensure rich data.
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