This study explores how gender, finance, and social change influence Micro, Small, and Medium-sized Enterprise (MSME) entrepreneurship diversification on Java Island, Indonesia. MSMEs in West Java ...are crucial for regional economic growth, but gender disparities and financial challenges impact their development. The research aims to understand the relationships between gender, finance, social change, and entrepreneurial diversification. The study surveys over 130 MSMEs, employing Structural Equation Modeling for analysis. Results show significant connections, emphasizing the need for gender-inclusive policies, improved financial access, and consideration of social dynamics for a diverse entrepreneurial landscape.
Plukenetia volubilis L. has been documented as a new record for the first time in Java, Indonesia. The species is easily distinguished from the native species, P. corniculata Sm., by its exstipellate ...basilaminar-glands, long cylindrical column, and wingless fruit-lobes. Plukenetia volubilis is cultivated mainly in South America for its beneficial values as food and medicine and was recently introduced to Asia. However, its occurrence in Java has not been reported. We collected specimens from West Java (Depok City, Bandung Barat and Sumedang Regency) and East Java (Malang Regency). Morphological description, identification key, and photographs of the species are provided.
The 2006 Mw 7.8 Java earthquake was a tsunami earthquake, exhibiting frequency-dependent seismic radiation along strike. High-frequency global back-projection results suggest two distinct rupture ...stages. The first stage lasted ∼65s with a rupture speed of ∼1.2km/s, while the second stage lasted from ∼65 to 150s with a rupture speed of ∼2.7km/s. High-frequency radiators resolved with back-projection during the second stage spatially correlate with splay fault traces mapped from residual free-air gravity anomalies. These splay faults also colocate with a major tsunami source associated with the earthquake inferred from tsunami first-crest back-propagation simulation. These correlations suggest that the splay faults may have been reactivated during the Java earthquake, as has been proposed for other tsunamigenic earthquakes, such as the 1944 Mw 8.1 Tonankai earthquake in the Nankai Trough.
•The 2006 Java earthquake produced frequency-dependent seismic radiation.•A transition in high-frequency radiation suggests a two stage rupture.•The second-stage seismic radiation may be hosted by reactivated splay faults in the outer wedge.
Single-cell sequencing enables the inference of tumor phylogenies that provide insights on intra-tumor heterogeneity and evolutionary trajectories. Recently introduced methods perform this task under ...the infinite-sites assumption, violations of which, due to chromosomal deletions and loss of heterozygosity, necessitate the development of inference methods that utilize finite-sites models. We propose a statistical inference method for tumor phylogenies from noisy single-cell sequencing data under a finite-sites model. The performance of our method on synthetic and experimental data sets from two colorectal cancer patients to trace evolutionary lineages in primary and metastatic tumors suggests that employing a finite-sites model leads to improved inference of tumor phylogenies.
Large-scale code reuse significantly reduces both development costs and time. However, the massive share of third-party code in software projects poses new challenges, especially in terms of ...maintenance and security. In this paper, we propose a novel technique to specialize dependencies of Java projects, based on their actual usage. Given a project and its dependencies, we systematically identify the subset of each dependency that is necessary to build the project, and we remove the rest. As a result of this process, we package each specialized dependency in a jar file. Then, we generate specialized dependency trees where the original dependencies are replaced by the specialized versions. This allows building the project with significantly less third-party code than the original. As a result, the specialized dependencies become a first-class concept in the software supply chain, rather than a transient artifact in an optimizing compiler toolchain. We implement our technique in a tool called D ep T rim , which we evaluate with 30 notable open-source Java projects. D ep T rim specializes a total of 343 (86.6%) dependencies across these projects, and successfully rebuilds each project with a specialized dependency tree. Moreover, through this specialization, D ep T rim removes a total of 57,444 (42.2%) classes from the dependencies, reducing the ratio of dependency classes to project classes from 8.7× in the original projects to 5.0× after specialization. These novel results indicate that dependency specialization significantly reduces the share of third-party code in Java projects.
To protect web users from malicious JavaScript code, various malware detectors have been proposed, which analyze and classify code as malicious or benign. State-of-the-art detectors focus on ...JavaScript as the only target language. However, WebAssembly provides attackers a new and so far unexplored opportunity for evading malware detectors. This paper presents Wobfuscator, the first technique for evading static JavaScript malware detection by moving parts of the computation into WebAssembly. The core of the technique is a set of code transformations that translate carefully selected parts of behavior implemented in JavaScript into WebAssembly. The approach is opportunistic in the sense that it uses WebAssembly where it helps to evade malware detection without compromising the correctness of the code. Evaluating our approach with a dataset of 43,499 malicious and 149,677 benign JavaScript files, as well as six popular JavaScript libraries reveals that our approach is effective at evading state-of-the-art, learning-based static malware detectors; the obfuscation is semantic-preserving; and our approach has small overhead, making it practical for use in real-world programs. By pinpointing limitations of current malware detectors, our work motivates future efforts on detecting multi-language malware in the web.
Many tools are available for visualizing RNA or DNA secondary structures, but there is scarce implementation in JavaScript that provides seamless integration with the increasingly popular web ...computational platforms. We have developed JNSViewer, a highly interactive web service, which is bundled with several popular tools for DNA/RNA secondary structure prediction and can provide precise and interactive correspondence among nucleotides, dot-bracket data, secondary structure graphs, and genic annotations. In JNSViewer, users can perform RNA secondary structure predictions with different programs and settings, add customized genic annotations in GFF format to structure graphs, search for specific linear motifs, and extract relevant structure graphs of sub-sequences. JNSViewer also allows users to choose a transcript or specific segment of Arabidopsis thaliana genome sequences and predict the corresponding secondary structure. Popular genome browsers (i.e., JBrowse and BrowserGenome) were integrated into JNSViewer to provide powerful visualizations of chromosomal locations, genic annotations, and secondary structures. In addition, we used StructureFold with default settings to predict some RNA structures for Arabidopsis by incorporating in vivo high-throughput RNA structure profiling data and stored the results in our web server, which might be a useful resource for RNA secondary structure studies in plants. JNSViewer is available at http://bioinfolab.miamioh.edu/jnsviewer/index.html.
PDF
