Disjointed War Nardulli, Bruce; Perry, Walter L; Pirnie, Bruce R ...
06/2002
eBook
Open access
An examination of the 1999 conflict in Kosovo, with afocus on joint military operations.The 1999 military operation against the Yugoslav Army in Kosovosuggests several areas in which Joint military ...operations weredeficient. This study examined all aspects of the Kosovo conflict,including its political and historical underpinnings, in an attempt tounderstand these deficiencies and to recommend improvements. Thisdocument--provided in both a classified and unclassified version--isbased on extensive original source documents and interviews with mostof the principal participants, and serves as the definitive Armyrecord on Kosovo. While the primary focus of the research was on U.S.Army involvement, it covered many other aspects of Operation AlliedForce. Topics included NATO objectives in Operation Allied Force, airand ground planning, evolution of the air operation and its effects onfielded Yugoslav forces, Task Force Hawk, and peace operations. The 1999 military operation in Kosovo suggests severalareas in which Joint military operations were deficient. This studyexamines all aspects of the Kosovo conflict, with a focus on U.S. Armyinvolvement, including its political and historical underpinnings, inan attempt to understand these deficiencies and to recommendimprovements.
This report examines the reasons Slobodan Milosevic, the then president of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, decided on June 3, 1999, to accept NATO's conditions for terminating the conflict over ...Kosovo. Drawing in part upon the testimony of Milosevic and other senior Serb and foreign officials who directly interacted with Milosevic, the report analyzes (1) the assumptions and other calculations that underlay Milosevic's initial decision to defy NATO's demands with regard to Kosovo, and (2) the political, economic, and military developments and pressures, and the resulting expectations and concerns that most importantly influenced his subsequent decision to come to terms. While several interrelated factors, including Moscow's eventual endorsement of NATO's terms, helped shape Milosevic's decision to yield, it was the cumulative effect of NATO air power that proved most decisive. The allied bombing of Serbia's infrastructure targets, as it intensified, stimulated a growing interest among both the Servian public and Belgrade officials to end the conflict. Milosevic's belief that the bombing that would follow a rejection of NATO's June 2 peace terms would be massively destructive and threatening to his continued rule made a settlement seem imperative. Also examined are some implications for future U.S. and allied military capabilities and operations.
In the wake of World War II, Secretary of War Henry L. Stimson
and President Harry S. Truman established the U.S. Strategic
Bombing Survey, to determine exactly how effectively strategic air
power ...had been applied in the European theater and in the Pacific.
The final study, consisting of over 330 separate reports and
annexes, was staggering in its size and emphatic in its
conclusions. As such it has for decades been used as an objective
primary source and a guiding text, a veritable Bible for historians
of air power. In this aggressively revisionist volume, Gian Gentile
examines afresh this influential document to reveal how it
reflected to its very foundation the American conceptual approach
to strategic bombing. In the process, he exposes the survey as
largely tautological and thereby throwing into question many of the
central tenets of American air power philosophy and strategy. With
a detailed chapter on the Gulf War and the resulting Gulf War Air
Power Survey, and a concluding chapter on the lessons of the Kosovo
air war, How Effective is Strategic Bombing? is
the most comprehensive and important book on air power strategy in
decades.
It has been claimed that internationalized, or "hybrid" courts, courts which mix international and local personnel and international and domestic law, can be used to replace or complement the work of ...the International Criminal Court. Four such hybrid courts---courts located in Kosovo, East Timor, Cambodia and Sierra Leone, have either just completed their work or are far enough along in their operation to provide a type of "justice laboratory" to test this claim. Analysis reveals that the performance of these courts has been poor. It shows that the courts in Kosovo and East Timor were doomed to failure, that the court in Cambodia is headed in the same direction, and that only the court operating in Sierra Leone offers a possibility that something close to justice will result. The summary recommendation drawn from the analysis is that hybrid courts should only be employed where: (1) international personnel control the proceedings, (2) the legal framework of the court conforms to international standards, and (3) the sponsors of the enterprise possess a clear ability, and demonstrate a credible commitment, to try and punish those most responsible for committing gross human rights offenses.
Compared to the contentious postsocialist debates over the Holocaust that have occurred in the other countries of Eastern Europe, the wartime history of prewar Albania’s 156 native Jews has generated ...scant public attention and scholarly research both in Albania and abroad.¹ Nearly all Albania’s Jews and hundreds of nonnative refugees survived the Second World War in Albania.² A small group of government officials, historians, and journalists based in the country’s capital, Tirana, formulated Albania’s first published perceptions of the Holocaust after the fall of Albanian communism in 1992. Albanian elites have since addressed the subject within the context of issues
Becoming Kosovo Gaudet, Matthew J
America (New York, N.Y. : 1909),
04/2008, Volume:
198, Issue:
13
Magazine Article
The foreign aid, combined with millions of dollars worth of remittances coming from Kosovar relatives who remained overseas, sparked a great reconstruction in Kosovo that provided more jobs and ...furthered the economic recovery. A typical Kosovar home has a basic frame of clay brick, but most lack any sort of insulation or finishing to protect their inhabitants from the elements. International aid has been targeted to construct a modern power plant, but even that will not help unless the power companies can find a way to get people to pay their utility bills.
