The transgender community has faced and continues to face discrimination in almost every part of the world. The inception, extent, and duration of such differential treatment coupled with violence ...may differ across the globe. The reason behind this could be the cultural and constitutional values of the concerned nation along with the traditional position of transgenders in the relevant society. The movement of LGBT community to assert their presence and voice their concerns can be traced in different countries. Argentina can be distinguished as a vanguard in the advancement of inclusive policies, notably with the passage of its Gender Identity Law in 2012, marking it as the inaugural nation worldwide to formally acknowledge an individual’s gender identity without imposing any prerequisites. This article provides a concise overview of the historical trajectory of the LGBT movement in Argentina, followed by an examination of the constitutional and legislative framework established to safeguard the rights of transgender individuals in the country. Subsequently, it delves into the enactment and notable attributes of the Gender Identity Law. It also provides a comparative analysis of transgender law in India vis a vis Argentina and criticises the contrasting approach followed by different States of India. It concludes with the finding that Argentina’s Gender Identity Law is quite progressive from which countries like India can take inspiration.
Este trabalho tem por objeto um conjunto de programas, ações e mecanismos institucionais do Ministério da Cultura (MinC) que passaram a contemplar a coletividade LGBT durante os governos de Lula e ...Dilma. O objetivo principal do estudo foi compreender a institucionalização das agendas culturais do movimento LGBT em âmbito federal. Analisamos documentos do MinC e depoimentos públicos de agentes desse universo recorrendo ao suporte da Teoria do Discurso (TD) de Laclau e Mouffe (2010), perspectiva segundo a qual a hegemonia opera num movimento de negociação entre discursos contraditórios, visando estabelecer relações de ordem e aglutinação social. Nossa hipótese é que as ações do MinC, sobretudo os editais voltados à cultura LGBT, buscaram administrar os conflitos entre valores minoritários e hegemônicos na sociedade brasileira. Os antagonismos colocados pelas diferenças sexuais e culturais encampadas pelo movimento LGBT teriam sido neutralizados pelo discurso liberal da diversidade.
Ce travail aborde un ensemble de programmes, d’actions et de mécanismes institutionnels du ministère de la Culture (MinC) qui ont passé à considérer la collectivité LGBT pendant les gouvernements de Lula et Dilma. L’objectif principal de l’étude a été de comprendre l’institutionnalisation des agendas culturels du mouvement LGBT au niveau fédéral. Nous avons analysé les documents du MinC et les déclarations publiques d’agents de cet univers à l’aide du soutien de la Théorie du Discours (TD) de Laclau et Mouffe (2010), une perspective selon laquelle l’hégémonie opère dans un mouvement de négociation entre des discours contradictoires, visant à établir des relations d’ordre et d’agglutination sociale. Notre hypothèse est que les actions du MinC, en particulier les appels d’offres destinés à la culture LGBT, ont cherché à gérer les conflits entre les valeurs minoritaires et hégémoniques dans la société brésilienne. Les antagonismes posés par les différences sexuelles et culturelles défendues par le mouvement LGBT auraient été neutralisés par le discours libéral de la diversité.
This work focuses on a set of programs, actions, and institutional mechanisms of the Brazilian Ministry of Culture (MinC) that began to contemplate the LGBT community during the governments of Lula and Dilma. The study intended to understand the institutionalization of the cultural agendas of the LGBT movement at the federal level. We analyze MinC documents and public testimonies of agents of this universe using the support of Laclau and Mouffe’s Theory of Discourse (TD), a perspective according to which hegemony operates in a movement of negotiation between contradictory discourses, aiming to establish relations of order and social agglutination. We hypothesize that the MinC actions, especially the LGBT culture public announcements, sought to manage the conflicts between minority and hegemonic values in Brazilian society. The sexual and cultural differences embraced by the LGBT movement poses antagonisms that would have been neutralized by the liberal discourse of diversity.
El artículo estudia el origen y la consolidación de la imagen del grupo los Felipitos como parte de la historia del movimiento de disidencia sexual y de género de Bogotá. Se analizan las fuentes ...usadas en investigaciones académicas y de difusión. Además, se hace un análisis del grupo en un contexto global, encontrando similitudes entre los Felipitos y el movimiento homofílico de la región. La consolidación del grupo como antecedente del movimiento de disidencia sexual y de género colombiano está ligado a la entrada del sector en las políticas públicas de Bogotá a inicios del siglo XXI. De esta manera se devela el contexto político detrás de la consolidación de una imagen del pasado.
This article analyses conservative activism and responses to it by subnational level LGBT rights mobilization in Mexico. It studies the case of Veracruz from a perspective that integrates ...movement-countermovement interaction, using a process reconstruction methodology based on press analysis and in-depth interviews. Two mechanisms of movement response to counter-movement actions are identified: learning and adaptation of repertoires. These responses, which modify strategies and practices, reveal a process that has forced the LGBT movement to shift its actions from the subnational to the national level, given the high veto capacity of conservative activism to limit reforms and changes in Mexican states.
We conducted a socio-historical study covering the period 1979-2014 to explore the genesis of LGBT health policy in Bahia, Brazil, drawing on Pinell's theoretical framework for the sociological ...analysis of public policy. To analyze the social space, we investigated the trajectories of the agents involved in policy formulation and the relations between these agents and the national social space and field of State power. The agents were predominantly from the scientific, human rights, sexual rights, feminism and AIDS fields, and had a high level of bureaucratic and militant capital, meaning they were well-versed in LGBT health issues. The historical conditions of possibility underlying the formulation of LGBT health policy included the formalization of the State Technical Committee on LGBT Health in 2014, in an effort to improve access to comprehensive health care for vulnerable groups; and the Bahia without Homophobia plan, which helped expand dialogue around with civil society and social movements and address the main criticisms of policy making.
Objetivo/Contexto: El presente artículo tiene dos propósitos. Por un lado, busca exponer la historia del Movimiento de Liberación Homosexual de Colombia (MLHC), una de las primeras experiencias ...políticas del movimiento LGBT del país. Por otro lado, el artículo busca explicar las diferentes redes de activismo internacional que establecieron un constante flujo de información entre los movimientos de liberación gay u homosexual en todo el hemisferio occidental. Originalidad: El análisis se realiza en el periodo comprendido entre 1976 y 1989, a través de una delimitación cronológica que permite establecer los inicios del movimiento de diversidad sexual en Colombia y su primer ciclo de protesta. Metodología: La investigación se basa en fuentes que no suelen ser contempladas por la historiografía, que incluyen documentos internos de la organización y sus diferentes proyectos editoriales. Conclusiones: El trabajo concluye que, aunque inició fuertemente influenciado por la nueva izquierda, el MLHC representó una experiencia política heterogénea con discusiones sectoriales propias. Además, evidencia una compleja relación con organizaciones de liberación homosexual tanto en las Américas como en Europa, y propone una visión interconectada del movimiento de diversidad sexual en Occidente.
How do sexual minorities navigate and negotiate with nationalism? While some scholars consider nationalism as a primarily exclusionary force against sexual minorities, how might we understand sexual ...minorities’ engagement with nationalism? I address these questions by exploring the strategic deployment of sexual and national identities of LGBT movements through the case study of Singapore's annual LGBT‐inclusive event, Pink Dot. In response to the authoritarian and heteronormative state's construction of sexual minorities as non‐national Others, Pink Dot mobilizes both sexual and national identities in an effort to forge a space of inclusion while ensuring its survival. By portraying itself as a uniquely Singaporean event and espousing national identity and belonging through symbolic and performative practices, Pink Dot leverages national identity to minimize differences from and foreground similarities to the majority. In this way, sexual minorities in Singapore endeavor to embed themselves within the narratives of the nation and claim their legitimate belonging while simultaneously projecting a nation more inclusive of sexual difference. The aspirational inclusion of sexual minorities in the national imagery, however, inevitably elicits the state's backlash that narrowly defines the physical and symbolic boundaries of the political project. This analysis advances our understanding of the interactions between the state and social movements in shaping the relationship among the nation, sexuality, and citizenship.
Objective/Context: This article has two objectives. On the one hand, it seeks to show the history of the Gay Liberation Movement of Colombia (MLHC, for its acronym in Spanish), one of the first ...political experiences of the LGBT movement in Colombia. On the other hand, the article seeks to explain the various international activism networks that established a constant flow of information between gay liberation movements throughout the Western Hemisphere. Originality: The analysis comprises the period between 1976 and 1989, outlining the chronology from the beginnings of the sexual diversity movement in Colombia to its first cycle of protests. Methodology: The research is based on sources that are not usually contemplated by historiography, which include the organization’s internal documents and its various editorial projects. Conclusions: The paper concludes that, although strongly influenced by the new left, the MLHC represented a heterogeneous political experience with its own sectoral discussions. In addition, it unveils a complex relationship with gay liberation organizations both in the Americas and in Europe, and proposes an interconnected vision of the sexual diversity movement in the West
The aim of this article is to analyse the political outcomes of the LGBT* movement in Poland, referring to civil unions, marriage equality, adoption, homophobic and transphobic hate crimes and Gender ...Recognition Act. I argue that the movement has become a recognizable political actor but has not achieved any legislative goal. It is based on an extensive qualitative research project conducted between 2013 and 2016, but includes also the newest information about the context and the movement. Methodologically it is situated in the critical orientation in sociology and theoretically in the field of social movement studies. Respondent's comments on the conclusions are also presented.
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