Marxism, founded by Karl Marx, mainly presents sutureist analyzes of the social and reality of human beings. According to Marxism, art can be the whole spiritual or spiritual realm of reality, the ...material substructure of human society can exist and it can only be understood properly on this basis. It includes the spiritual reality of man, based on his entire social and historical existence, together with art, all superstructure activities such as ethics, politics, law, religion, philosophy, science. Another dimension is the spiritual reality of humanity, measuring it with its material reality. Of course, this is not a one-sided and sterile determination, but a reciprocal and dialectical relation and determination. But ultimately it is the material living conditions that are decisive. One cannot speak of a human culture and species without assuming material reality, nature; but once formed it has a determination over human spirituality and the natural reality of man. It transforms the immediacy of human natural reality with culture. Art, like all other spiritual fields of activity and institutions, cannot exist independent of class distinctions and interests shaped by production forces and relations. Class and ideological analysis of art occupies an important place in Marxist aesthetics. Art and art can serve the ruling classes as well as the oppressed classes. The field of art and political struggle cannot be completely isolated. In this statement; The differences and basic aspects of the Marxist Aesthetics and the aesthetic object have been studied by using the basic relational, descriptive research method in chronological order since aesthetics was first considered.
Abstract
In 1951, the Communist Party of Greece published a Greek translation of the
Selected Works of Marx and Engels
which included a statement on the work practices followed for its creation. This ...article considers work practices as processes of validated knowledge production. It investigates how they were enacted to create the ‘correct’ translation of Marxist texts, and advances our understanding of the relationship between social structures, power, and processes of validated knowledge production. It argues that the party’s collaborative, centralised, and professionalised organisational model alongside mechanisms of surveillance and discipline of agents in translation supported its claims of owning the ‘correct’ interpretation of Marxism. The statement on the work practices was intended to influence the publication’s reception: the reader was encouraged to accept the party’s translation as accurate. Adopting a Foucauldian perspective, the investigation draws on party publications and archival material to study translation work practices in novel ways.
Inspired by postcolonial critiques, urban studies today is characterized by conceptual and methodological experimentation in pursuit of a more global approach to understanding cities. The challenge ...is to develop methods and theoretical practices which allow conceptual innovation to emerge from any urban situation or urbanization process, sustaining wider conversations while insisting that concepts are open to revision. This maps well on to the core methodological problematic of comparison. Mindful of the strong limits to comparison presented by conventional quasi-scientific methods, this paper sets out the basis for a reformatted comparative method. A new grounding for comparison is proposed, specific to the field of the urban, and a new typology of tactics for undertaking urban comparative research is suggested. The paper weaves together classic approaches and more recent innovations in comparison from within urban studies with a wider philosophical analysis of the issues at stake in reframing the architecture of comparison. The paper stands as an invitation to practise global urban studies differently – comparatively – but also to practise comparison differently, in a way that opens urban studies to a more global repertoire of potential insights. The paper develops this invitation and methodological quest through Marxist political-economy; through actually-existing vernacular comparative practices of urban studies; and through insights gleaned from Gilles Deleuze’s philosophical project. The last section of the paper explains how this new vocabulary of comparative method can be put to work through a review of some recent experiments in the field of global urban studies.
This issue complements the January 2022 one, which focused on past and present theories and debates on development with particular attention to the relevance of a Marxist theory of dependency.
Uma série de estudos marxistas importantes sobre a lógica do capital foram produzidos nas últimas décadas, assim como inúmeras investigações de teóricos pós-coloniais sobre as narrativas que ...estruturam a discriminação racial e étnica. Com muita frequência, no entanto, essas duas correntes assumiram trajetórias diferentes ou mesmo opostas, tornando ainda mais difícil transcender as análises unilaterais reducionistas de classe e as afirmações de identidade igualmente unilaterais que contornam ou ignoram a classe. À luz da nova realidade produzida pela profunda crise do neoliberalismo e pela iminente desintegração da ordem política que tem definido o capitalismo global desde o fim da Guerra Fria, chegou a hora revisitar abordagens teóricas que podem ajudar a delinear a integralidade da raça, da classe e do capitalismo. Palavras-chave: Raça; Racismo; Fanon; Marx; Marxismo; Teoria pós-colonial; Negritude; África. The last several decades have produced a slew of important studies by Marxists of the logic of capital, as well as numerous explorations by postcolonial theorists of the narratives that structure racial and ethnic discrimination. Far too often, however, these two currents have assumed different or even opposed trajectories, making it all the harder to transcend one-sided class-reductionist analyses and equally one-sided affirmations of identity that bypass or ignore class. In light of the new reality produced by the deepening crisis of neoliberalism and the looming disintegration of the political order that has defined global capitalism since the end of the Cold War, the time has come to revisit theoretical approaches that can help delineate the integrality of race, class and capitalism. Keywords: Race; Racism; Fanon; Marx; Marxism; Postcolonial Theory; Negritude; Africa.
Una de las temáticas más fecundas de la historia reciente ha sido, sin lugar a dudas, la militancia revolucionaria que hizo eclosión en los tumultuosos años ´70. Dentro de la bibliografía ...especializada se han destacado algunas obras que, devenidas en abordajes clásicos, focalizaron en el estudio de una organización armada específica, tales los señeros trabajos de Gillespie (1987) y, más tarde, Pozzi (2001). En ese género se inserta la obra de González Canosa cubriendo un notable vacío historiográfico.
Mit dem epischen Theater schuf Bertolt Brecht Anfang des 20. Jahrhunderts eine neue, experimentelle Form des Theaters, die darauf abzielt, die Zuschauer*innen zum distanzierten Nachdenken und ...Hinterfragen der Gesellschaft anzuregen, also nicht nur Soziales in Kunstform zu behandeln, sondern die Gesellschaft selbst in den Reflexionsprozess zu integrieren. Um dies zu erreichen, setzte er Techniken zur Desillusionierung und Verfremdung ein. Bei Brechts Stücken handelt es sich um Kunstformen, die sozial intervenieren und daher nicht nur der literatur- und theaterwissenschaftlichen, sondern auch der sozialwissenschaftlichen Betrachtung bedürfen. Hierzu liest der vorliegende Aufsatz den Künstler Brecht als Sozialtheoretiker und untersucht, inwiefern die Entfremdungsproblematik bei Marx und die Verfremdung bei Brecht in Verbindung stehen und inwieweit die Verfremdungseffekte die Entfremdungsproblematik zu lösen versuchen. Methodisch wird theorievergleichend und analytisch vorgegangen – was die Beziehung von Marx' Entfremdungstheorie und Brechts epischen Theater betrifft. Beispielhaft wird das Verhältnis von Ent- und Verfremdung anhand des Stücks Der gute Mensch von Sezuan beleuchtet.
Wir brauchen dringend mehr Ordoliberalismus Zingales, Luigi
Perspektiven der Wirtschaftspolitik : PWP : eine Zeitschrift des Vereins für Socialpolitik,
11/2022, Volume:
23, Issue:
4
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Open access
An interview with Professor Luigi Zingales is presented.
