For much of the twentieth century, the intellectual life of the Ottoman and Arabic-Islamic world in the seventeenth century was ignored or mischaracterized by historians. Ottomanists typically saw ...the seventeenth century as marking the end of Ottoman cultural florescence, while modern Arab nationalist historians tended to see it as yet another century of intellectual darkness under Ottoman rule. This book is the first sustained effort at investigating some of the intellectual currents among Ottoman and North African scholars of the early modern period. Examining the intellectual production of the ranks of learned ulema (scholars) through close readings of various treatises, commentaries, and marginalia, Khaled El-Rouayheb argues for a more textured - and text-centered - understanding of the vibrant exchange of ideas and transmission of knowledge across a vast expanse of Ottoman-controlled territory.
In the scholarly literature on Plato's Republic, one of the abiding questions has been and remains: why must the philosopher return to the cave? Socrates's claim that philosophers will do so ...willingly thanks to their feeling of duty to the polis is rather unsatisfying and doesn't mesh with the ethical framework presented by the Republic as a whole. Here, I draw on the work of Eric Voegelin and John von Heyking, in order to propose a two-axis model of what I call the erotic-hermetic structure of the philosophical life. By emphasizing the horizontal (i.e. hermetic, or interpersonal) element of the philosophical life, I argue that the philosopher, in order to be what he or she is in the fullest sense, must return to the cave.
Francis Bacon (1561-1626), commonly regarded as one of the founders of the Scientific Revolution, exerted a powerful influence on the intellectual development of the modern world. He also led a ...remarkably varied and dramatic life as a philosopher, writer, lawyer, courtier, and statesman. Although there has been much recent scholarship on individual aspects of Bacon's career, Perez Zagorin's is the first work in many years to present a comprehensive account of the entire sweep of his thought and its enduring influence. Combining keen scholarly and psychological insights, Zagorin reveals Bacon as a man of genius, deep paradoxes, and pronounced flaws. The book begins by sketching Bacon's complex personality and troubled public career. Zagorin shows that, despite his idealistic philosophy and rare intellectual gifts, Bacon's political life was marked by continual careerism in his efforts to achieve advancement. He follows Bacon's rise at court and describes his removal from his office as England's highest judge for taking bribes. Zagorin then examines Bacon's philosophy and theory of science in connection with his project for the promotion of scientific progress, which he called The Great Instauration. He shows how Bacon's critical empiricism and attempt to develop a new method of discovery made a seminal contribution to the growth of science. He demonstrates Bacon's historic importance as a prophetic thinker, who, at the edge of the modern era, predicted that science would be used to prolong life, cure diseases, invent new materials, and create new weapons of destruction. Finally, the book examines Bacon's writings on such subjects as morals, politics, language, rhetoric, law, and history. Zagorin shows that Bacon was one of the great legal theorists of his day, an influential philosopher of language, and a penetrating historian. Clearly and beautifully written, the book brings out the richness, scope, and greatness of Bacon's work and draws together the many, colorful threads of an extraordinarily brilliant and many-sided mind.
Resumen / Abstract En el presente trabajo pretendo mostrar que el pensamiento de Carl Schmitt tiene un carácter marcadamente filosófico. Carl Schmitt, comprensión jurídica, hermenéutica, filosofía ...jurídica, juicio reflexionante, comprensión tecnológica. In the present work, I intend to show that Carl Schmitt s thought is eminently philosophical, more precisely, that a theory of understanding lies at its ground. Keywords: Carl Schmitt, juridical understanding, hermeneutics, philosophy of law, reflective judgment, technological understanding. 1.Autocomprensión de Schmitt como jurista Carl Schmitt es uno de los pensadores políticos y jurídicos más importantes del siglo XX. Sin embargo, existen múltiples pasajes repartidos por sus diferentes obras que, interpretados conjuntamente, sí permiten observar que Schmitt da un paso justificado al vincular la comprensión como tal y la comprensión jurídica, y al entender al derecho como forma fundamental de comprensión.
This is the first book to provide a comprehensive overview of the entire career of one of Britain's greatest men of letters. It sets in biographical and historical context all of Hume's works, from A ...Treatise of Human Nature to The History of England, bringing to light the major influences on the course of Hume's intellectual development and paying careful attention to the differences between the wide variety of literary genres with which Hume experimented. The major events in Hume's life are fully described, but the main focus is on Hume's intentions as a philosophical analyst of human nature, politics, commerce, English history and religion. Careful attention is paid to Hume's intellectual relations with his contemporaries. The goal is to reveal Hume as a man intensely concerned with the realization of an ideal of open-minded, objective, rigorous, dispassionate dialogue about all the principal questions faced by his age.
Pero la excepción tiene un significado metafísico en Carl Schmitt, citado por Sabrovsky: "la excepción no solo confirma la regla, sino que esta vive de aquella ... el estado de excepción tiene en la ...jurisprudencia análoga significación que el milagro en la teología". Derrida, Carl Schmitt y Gramcsi; indirectamente, Hobbes, pues el Leviathan reaparece una y otra vez en el libro como el fantasma de un absoluto evaporado con la secularización y el "desencantamiento del mundo" (Max Weber). Es una figura fantasmal porque es un peligro virtual que permanentemente acecha y a veces se superpone al imaginario de un "Leviatan benévolo", tierno y liberal. La caracterización de lo político en Carl Schmitt, en la forma de una lógica de conflicto o ley de antagonismo, se puede entender como denuncia de la inconsistencia de la idea de una "sociedad reconciliada", en tanto la conflictividad es inherente al ser social, independientemente de la intensidad que alcance el conflicto. Este concepto de lo político permite, en cambio, exorcizar el fantasma del poder absoluto, que hace aparecer toda la esfera de las subjetividades y la democracia misma, como concesiones de ese Leviatán virtual, disfrazado de Leviatán benévolo.
The present paper focuses its attention on the approach of different existing visions related to human creation from the perspective of different philosophers, as well as from the Quran; the latter ...considers the human being as a virtuous gem created artistically by God, who has been granted the power of choice, intelligence and decision making.
PDF