In this study, SOC (Sense of coherence) subtypes were extracted from 139 university students, and psychological traits of optimism, self-esteem and depression were examined. CL 1, with a low ...comprehensibility and manageability and an average meaningfulness, had the lowest SOC and a negative psychological trait. CL 2 also had an average SOC and psychological traits. CL 3, with average comprehensibility and manageability and a high meaningfulness, had a slightly positive psychological trait, probably due to a higher meaningfulness in the SOC. CL 4 had a higher SOC overall and a positive psychological trait. Meaningfulness was therefore confirmed to be unique from CL 1 and CL 3.
The aim of this study was to explore the coping resources of hope and sense of coherence, which are rooted in positive-psychology theory, as potential resilience factors that might reduce the ...emotional distress experienced by adults from three cultural groups in Israel during the chronic-stress situation of a pandemic. The three cultural groups examined were secular Jews, Ultra-Orthodox Jews, and Arabs. We compared these cultural groups during the second wave of the Covid-19 pandemic, just before the Jewish New Year (mid-September 2020) as a second lockdown was announced. Data were gathered from 248 secular Jews, 243 Ultra-Orthodox Jews, and 203 Arabs, who were 18-70 years old (
= 37.14,
= 12.62). The participants filled out self-reported questionnaires including the Brief Symptom Inventory as a measure of emotional/psychological distress (i.e., somatization, depression, and anxiety) and questionnaires about sense of coherence and different types of hope (i.e., intrapersonal, interpersonal, and transpersonal) as measures of coping resources and resiliency. Differences were found between the three groups in terms of several variables. The Arab participants reported the highest levels of emotional distress and the lowest levels of interpersonal and transpersonal hope; whereas the Ultra-Orthodox participants revealed the highest levels of sense of coherence and other resilience factors. A structural equation model revealed that, in addition to the sociodemographic factors, only sense of coherence and intrapersonal hope played significant roles in explaining emotional distress, explaining 60% of the reported distress among secular Jews, 41% among Ultra-Orthodox Jews, and 48% among Arabs. We discuss our findings in light of the salutogenic and hope theories. We will also discuss their relevancy to meaning-seeking and self-transcendence theory in the three cultural groups.
The Handbook of Salutogenesis Mittelmark, Maurice B; Bauer, Georg F; Vaandrager, Lenneke ...
2022, 2021, 2022-01-01
eBook, Book
Open access
This open access book is a thorough update and expansion of the 2017 edition of The Handbook of Salutogenesis, responding to the rapidly growing salutogenesis research and application arena. Revised ...and updated from the first edition are background and historical chapters that trace the development of the salutogenic model of health and flesh out the central concepts, most notably generalized resistance resources and the sense of coherence that differentiate salutogenesis from pathogenesis. From there, experts describe a range of real-world applications within and outside health contexts. Many new chapters emphasize intervention research findings. Readers will find numerous practical examples of how to implement salutogenesis to enhance the health and well-being of families, infants and young children, adolescents, unemployed young people, pre-retirement adults, and older people. A dedicated section addresses how salutogenesis helps tackle vulnerability, with chapters on at-risk children, migrants, prisoners, emergency workers, and disaster-stricken communities. Wide-ranging coverage includes new topics beyond health, like intergroup conflict, politics and policy-making, and architecture. The book also focuses on applying salutogenesis in birth and neonatal care clinics, hospitals and primary care, schools and universities, workplaces, and towns and cities. A special section focuses on developments in salutogenesis methods and theory. With its comprehensive coverage, The Handbook of Salutogenesis, 2nd Edition, is the standard reference for researchers, practitioners, and health policy-makers who wish to have a thorough grounding in the topic. It is also written to support post-graduate education courses and self-study in public health, nursing, psychology, medicine, and social sciences.
The worldwide outbreak of COVID-19, the ensuing pandemic, and the related containment measures pose considerable challenges to psychological resilience and well-being. Researchers are now forced to ...look for resources to cope with negative experiences linked to this health emergency. According to the salutogenic approach proposed by Antonovsky, the sense of coherence (SOC) is a major source of resilience. Thus, this study aimed at assessing the role of SOC in moderating the link between illness experiences (in terms of knowing persons diagnosed with COVID-19 and fear of contracting COVID-19) and psychological well-being. 2,784 participants, taken from a large sample of the Italian population (65.4% females) and aged between 18 and 85 years, filled in an anonymous online survey during the 3rd week of the lockdown. Findings supported the moderating role of SOC in shaping the link between illness experiences and psychological well-being. Specifically, participants who knew at least one person diagnosed with COVID-19 showed lower levels of psychological well-being at low levels of SOC. The negative relation between participants' fear of contracting COVID-19 and psychological well-being was stronger for those who showed higher levels of SOC. This study discusses the implications of these results for interventions aimed at reducing the pandemic's detrimental effects and promoting resilience.
This study aimed to associate the presence of vocal symptoms with sociodemographic and occupational data, work environment self-perception, oral communication wearing a face mask, and the sense of ...coherence (SOC).
This cross-sectional analytical observational study included 66 health professionals from a Brazilian hospital. They answered an online questionnaire on sociodemographic aspects, self-perception of the physical work environment, and oral communication at work. The Voice Symptom Scale (VoiSS) and Sense of Coherence Scale (SOC-13) were also applied. The significance level was set at 5% for the statistical analysis.
The self-perception of vocal symptoms was 62%. Professionals who considered the noise in their work environment unsatisfactory had more vocal symptoms (P = 0.005), especially in the limitation (P = 0.013) and physical (P = 0.028) domains of the VoiSS. Professionals with higher self-perceived vocal symptoms also reported incoordination between breathing, speech, and articulation (P = 0.041) and self-perceived difficulty being heard with a protective mask (P = 0.033). Professionals with a higher self-perceived score in the limitation domain of the VoiSS also had a higher self-perceived effort to speak with a mask (P = 0.035) and a higher self-perception that other people find it difficult to hear them with a face mask (P = 0.050). There was a weak negative correlation between VoiSS and SOC (P < 0.05) and between its domains (P < 0.05).
Self-perception of voice symptoms is high among health professionals in a Brazilian public hospital. The presence of these symptoms is related to the perception of a noisy work environment and communication difficulties due to the use of a face mask. The lower the ability to cope with stressful situations, the larger the presence of voice symptoms among health professionals.
Background
The concept of sense of coherence explains a person's resources to maintain health during times of considerable strain and is suggested to be applicable in nursing. A summary of how it has ...been applied and adapted in clinical nursing is warranted for further conceptual development and research.
Objective
The scoping review aimed to explore how the sense of coherence scale has been used from a clinical nursing research perspective.
Method
Published articles (N = 2812) through December 2018 were identified in the PubMed, Cinahl and PsychInfo databases. A total of 298 articles were included in the review. A five‐stage process was used to extract data based on pre‐determined selection criteria. Summative content analysis was used for the categorisation of the data. The PRISMA‐ScR checklist was chosen.
Results
A majority of the articles were published within the Nordic countries and the short version SOC‐13 was the most frequently used scale. Most studies stated the significant relationship of a higher sense of coherence and higher emotional and psychosocial well‐being, quality of life, and well‐being irrespective of condition. Other articles proposed identifying patients' degree of sense of coherence either to individualise care or to plan an intervention to strengthen sense of coherence.
Conclusions
The sense of coherence scale has been widely used within nursing and identified as an important factor to individualise care. Future research should focus on rigorous intervention studies to determine if recognising patients’ degree of sense of coherence in clinical nursing enables tailored care for patients when dealing with a disease‐related condition. More evidence is needed when seeking to improve sense of coherence.
Relevance to clinical practice
These results show an expansion of the concept of sense of coherence and endorses its use in nursing care for identifying patients' needs in the process of presenting individualised care.
Caregivers of advanced cancer patients face challenges impacting their quality of life (QoL). While evidence suggests that family sense of coherence (FSOC) can enhance individual psychological ...well-being and reduce distress symptoms, the precise mechanism through which FSOC improves caregivers' QoL remains unclear. This study aimed to explore the relationships among FSOC, psychological resilience, psychological distress, and QoL in primary caregivers of advanced cancer patients. A cross-sectional observational study was undertaken from June 2020 to March 2021 across five tertiary hospitals in China. Instruments included a general characteristic questionnaire, the Family Sense of Coherence Scale, the Patient Health Questionnaire-4, the 10-item Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale, and the 8-item SF-8 health survey. Pearson's correlation and chain mediation analyses were performed using IBM SPSS (version 21) and PROCESS macro (version 3.4). Out of 290 valid questionnaires, results demonstrated that FSOC directly and positively influences caregivers' QoL. Psychological distress partially mediated the FSOC-QoL association, with paths "FSOC-psychological distress-QoL" and "FSOC-psychological resilience-psychological distress-QoL" contributing 43.08% and 6.72% of the total effect, respectively. Furthermore, this study distinguished physical and mental aspects of QoL, confirming both conform to the chain mediation model. FSOC impacts caregivers' QoL directly and indirectly through the mediation of psychological distress and the chain mediation effect of "psychological resilience-psychological distress". These insights enhance our understanding of the complex interplay between FSOC and QoL, underscoring the potential benefits of bolstering FSOC to strengthen caregiver resilience, alleviate distress, and ultimately elevate their QoL.
to analyze the relationship between sense of coherence and sociodemographic data, remote physical work environment, and self-perception of symptoms, vocal handicap and vocal fatigue in teachers.
...Seventy eight teachers pertaining to the municipal education network of a Brazilian capital city participated in the study, during the period of social isolation by COVID-19. An online questionnaire was applied with sociodemographic and physical remote work environment questions, the Sense of Coherence Scale (SOC-13), the Brazilian Dysphonia Screening Tool (Br-DST), the Vocal Fatigue Index (VFI), and the Vocal Handicap Index (VHI-10). Descriptive analysis, bivariate and multivariate Logistic regression models were performed to check the proportion of teachers with high and low SOC among the different categories of independent variables. Student's t test and Mann Whitney test were used to compare SOC, IDV, and VFI scores between the groups, and Hedge's g test was used to access the effect size. The total scores of SOC, VHI and VFI were correlated using Pearson's Correlation Coefficient. All tests adopted a 5% significance level.
Male teachers and those over 45 years old were, respectively, 6.79 (95%CI = 1.16-39.58) and 5.27 (95%CI = 1.40-19.76) times more likely to present a high SOC. The variables associated with a lower chance of presenting high SOC were vocal restriction (OR = 0.21; 95%CI = 0.06-0.79) and voice-related physical discomfort (OR = 0.13; 95%CI = 0.02-0.78). Regarding the remote work environment, in bivariate analysis, teachers who were dissatisfied with air quality (OR = 0.08; 95%CI = 0.01-0.65), temperature (OR = 0.11; 95%CI = 0.01-0.92), and noise (OR = 0.25; 95%CI = 0.61-0.99) were less likely to have high SOC. Higher values of SOC are associated with lower self-perception of vocal fatigue and voice handicap (P < 0,001).
The way individuals face stressful situations interferes with the self-perception of their voice and their work environment. The relationship between the sense of coherence and voice perception is relevant to favor programs to promote vocal health and stress management in teachers.
While chronic and acute stress are often associated with negative health, the sense of coherence–revised (SOC‐R) is proposed to facilitate coping with stress and promote health. However, research is ...lacking on the specific mechanisms. Therefore, the current study aimed to investigate potential mediating and moderating mechanisms of SOC‐R in the relationship between stress and health. Using a cross‐sectional design, standardized questionnaires assessed SOC‐R, acute (perceived) stress, early‐life adversity (ELA; indicator for early‐life chronic stress), mental and physical health, and satisfaction with life. Mediation and moderation analyses were conducted with N = 531 Irish adults (mean age: 59.5 years; 58.4% female). Regarding acute (perceived) stress, results showed that SOC‐R and its Manageability subscale significantly mediated the association between perceived stress and mental health, and satisfaction with life. SOC‐R and its Manageability subscale also significantly moderated the association between perceived stress and mental health. Regarding ELA, the Manageability subscale significantly mediated the association between ELA and mental health, and satisfaction with life; and the Balance subscale significantly mediated the association between ELA and physical health. SOC‐R may provide a useful focus for stress‐related research, with future longitudinal studies needed to examine SOC‐R as a long‐term modulating pathway between stress and health.
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