The changes of dynamics of total polyphenolics formation in various anatomical parts (stems, leaves, flowers and seeds) of common buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench.) during vegetation period ...were surveyed. Six cultivars were analysed: Pyra, Spacinska, Emka, Kasho, Jana C1 and Hrusowska. The content of total polyphenolics was evaluated in growth phase I. (formation of buds), in phase II. (at the beginning of flowering), in phase III. (full blossoming) and in phase IV. (full ripeness). The total polyphenolics content was assessed by using Folin-Ciocalteau assay spectrophotometrically on Shimadzu UV-1800. When evaluating all four anatomical parts of common buckwheat we can state that the flowers contained the highest concentration of total polyphenolics where the values were in range from 14.93 to 25.16 mg.g-1. In last phase (IV. phase) where stems, leaves, and seeds were evaluated, buckwheat leaves exerted the highest content of these compounds, and the values were in range from 68.74 to 90.27 mg.g-1. Maximal increase of total phenolics content was manifested in each variety in phase IV., i.e. at the end of the vegetation period. From the standpoint of the content of total polyphenolics in individual anatomical parts the cultivars Pyra, Hrusowska and Emka were the most suitable ones as functional foods.
Proučevane so razlike v vsebnosti skupnih polifenolov v delih rastlin (stebla, listi, cvetovi in semena) pri navadni ajdi (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench.) med rastjo. Proučevanih je bilo šest kultivarjev: Pyra, Spacinska, Emka, Kasho, Jana C1 in Hrusowska. Koncentracija skupnih polifenolov je bila raziskana v rastni fazi I. (formiranje socvetij), v fazi II. (začetek cvetenja), v fazi III. (polno cvetenje) in v fazi IV. (polna zrelost). Koncentracija skupnih polifenolov je bila analizirana spektrofotometrično z uporabo reagenta Folin-Ciocalteau na aparaturi Shimadzu UV-1800. Najvišja koncentracija polifenolov je bila v cvetovih (14,93 do 25,16 mg.g-1). V zrelosti (IV. faza) je bilo največ polifenolov v listih (68,74 do 90,27 mg.g-1). Vsebnost polifenolov se je pri vseh kultivarjih povečala v fazi IV., to je na koncu rasti. Glede na vsebnost skupnih polifenolov v posameznih delih rastlin so kultivarji Pyra, Hrusowska in Emka najbolj primerni za uporabi pri pripravi funkcijskih živil.
Osnovni razlogi za zbiranje domačih vzorcev ajde po Sloveniji so bili predvsem v opuščanju pridelovanja domačih populacij in nadomestitev s tujimi uvoženimi sortami in populacijami, katerih seme je ...bilo na razpolago v zadostni količini pridelovalcem. Drug razlog je bil v nevarnosti, da se domače populacije skrižajo s tujim uvoženim materialom ali z novimi slovenskimi sortami in kot tretji razlog zbran material je nudil veliko variabilnost in možnost izbire ter uporabe kot vir genov za žlahtniteljsko delo. Pogosto so tam, kjer so se oz. se z žlahtnjenjem še ukvarjajo, kot potreba nastajale zbirke posameznih rastlinskih vrst. To so bili glavni razlogi pred 30 in več leti za zbiranje in reševanje gen fonda. Glede na dosedanje opise, bi lahko v grobem razdelili zbrani material v 2 skupini. Vzorce s sivimi semeni, ki imajo drobna siva semena in bele cvetove, le pri nekaterih populacijah se pojavljajo posamične rastline z rahlo roza cvetovi. Prilagojene so nižinskim in gričevnatim talnim in podnebnim razmeram, legam brez pogostih zgodnjih jesenskih slan in megla. V drugi skupini so populacije z nekoliko debelejšimi, temnimi - rjavimi semeni, osnovna barva cvetov je svetlo do temno roza, lahko se pojavijo posamične rastline z rahlo rdečimi cvetovi. Primerne so za višinske, hribovite lege s 7 do 10 dni krajšo rastno dobo. Konec septembra so primerne za žetev, saj jim v ugodnih klimatskih razmerah do takrat že odpade listje. Pri sivih populacijah pa listje odpade šele po prvih jesenskih slanah. Vzorci iz genske banke v preteklosti niso služili samo kot izhodiščni material za žlahtniteljsko delo (slovenske sorte ajde), ampak se je proučevala vitalnost semen, vsebnost polifenolov (tanina) v posameznih delih semen, genetska variabilnost in identifikacija vzorcev na nivoju DNA ter regeneracijska sposobnost v in vitro razmerah. Značilnost te zbirke je, da se je več ne dopolnjuje z domačimi populacijami, ker jih pridelovalci ne pridelujejo in jih na terenu ni možno več nabrati oz. dobiti.
The primary reason for collecting domestic samples of buckwheat in Slovenia is the abandonment of growing domestic populations and their replacement with foreign, imported species and populations, whose seed is available in sufficient quantity to growers. Another reason is the threat that domestic populations will cross with foreign imported material or with new Slovenian varieties. A third reason is that the collected material provides a lot of variability and the possibility of choice and use as a source of genes for breeding work. Breeding has often been accompanied with the collection of selected plant species that were required and used during the breeding process. More than 30 years ago, therefore, a buckwheat gene fund was created. Based on existing descriptions, the collected material can be roughly divided into two groups. Samples with small gray seeds mainly have white flowers, although individual plants with slightly pink flowers emerge in some populations. They are adapted to lowland and hilly soil and climatic conditions, as well positions without frequent or early autumn hoarfrosts and mist. The second group includes populations with slightly thicker dark - brown seeds; the basic color of the flowers is light to dark pink, although individual plants with slightly red flowers may emerge. They are suitable for higher altitude, mountainous locations with a 7 to 10 days shorter growth period. They are suitable for harvest at the end of September because, with good weather conditions, the leaves have already fallen off by then. In the case of grey populations, the leaves do not fall until the first autumn hoarfrosts. Samples from the gene bank have not only served as starting material for breeding work in the past (Slovenian buckwheat varieties) but also for investigation of the seed viability, of the seed content of polyphenols (tannins) in individual parts of seeds, genetic variability, identification of samples on the level of DNA and regeneration capacity under in vitro conditions. A characteristic of this collection is that it is no longer being supplemented by local populations because these are no longer to be found in the natural environment.
The aim of this study was to assess the influence of cultivar and growth phase on the antioxidant activity (AOA) changes in common buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench), as well as the its ...distribution in different plant parts. During 4 growth phases (GP) (buds formation - I, beginning of flowering - II, full flowering - III, full maturity - IV) stems, leaves, flowers, seeds were collected sequentially from 6 buckwheat cultivars - 'Pyra', 'Spacinska', 'Kasho', 'Jana C1', 'Hrusowska', 'Emka'. The highest values of AOA were measured in flowers (GP III) in 'Jana C1' (93.17%) and the lowest value in stems (GP I) in 'Spacinska' (46.09%). The highest increase of AOA was observed in GP IV in stems in 'Pyra'. Differences were compared for statistical significance at the level P < 0.05.
Mass communication and mass media that bring new dimensions to communication among people affect the individual?s accordingly the masses level of knowledge, manner and attitude. According to Mills, ...mass media is the mirror of modern life of society. Mass media guides the society?s potential of motivation by selling image and data; with the data they disseminate mass media can give information about other societies and cultures? standard of living, relations of individuals and consumption areas of them (Quotation by Aziz, 1982, s. 48-50).While making sense of external reality, human beings starts out from his existing life and as the means of justification he uses his own popular culture icons (like actors, pop singers and etc.). But still he can?t change the external reality and it makes the icons meaningful unconsciously. This show the differences between mass culture and popular culture (Aydogan,2004, s.37).Popular culture is a consumption culture. While creating something popular, the existing popularity is used. Popular sport, sportsman, singers, ideas, manners, magazine heroes?something popular is covered and packed and consumers take part in the process making something popular by taking it (Erdogan, 1999, s.3). A material is sold directly. There is an indirect marketing through media.Stars can be called popular as they present sustainability, permanency. Stars are related with cultural industry with their trends, looks and novelty.Scanning model is a research method which aims to describe the situation existing in the past and today as it is (Karasar, 1995, s.77). This research is sample of scanning model. The research contains popular culture, connection of the stars, function of stars at creating and dissembling the popular culture and analyzing Ajda Pekkan who is the superstar of Turkey.During the research, related publishing ?n Turkish and English about image, icon, consumption, popular culture, development of star system are scanned. Super star Ajda Pekk
Microgreens from common and tartary buckwheat genotypes were evaluated for total flavonoid content (rutin, quercetine and kaempferol separately), bound phenolic acids content, carotenoids and ...α-tocopherol content and antioxidant activity. The results have shown that in common and tartary buckwheat microgreens antioxidant activity was found. High level of flavonoids, carotenoids, and α-tocopherol was detected as well. Higher amount of flavonoids was found out in tartary buckwheat microgreens. No significant differences were detected between common and tartary buckwheat microgreens in content of phenolic acids. Microgreens of both common and tartary buckwheat represent potential nutritional sources for alternative vegetable in the Czech Republic.
Vsebnost celokupnih flavonoidov (posebej rutina, kvercetina in kempferola), vezanih fenolnih kislin, karotenoidov, α-tokoferola in antioksidantna aktivnost so bili raziskani pri mladih rastlinah navadne in tatarske ajde. Ugotovljena je antioksidativna aktivnost izvlečkov mladih rastlin navadne in tatarske ajde ter visoka vsebnost flavonoidov, karotenoidov in α-tokoferola. Posebej visoka vsebnost flavonoidov je bila ugotovljena pri tatarski ajdi, medtem ko glede na vsebnost fenolnih snovi ni bilo razlike med mladimi rastlinami navadne in tatarske ajde. Mlade rastline tako navadne kot tatarske ajde so možen alternativni vir zelenjave v Češki republiki
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