This study offers a novel view of Conference Interpreting by looking at EU interpreters as a professional community of practice. In particular, Duflou's work focuses on the nature of the competence ...conference interpreters working for the European Parliament and the European Commission need to acquire in order to cope with their professional tasks. Making use of observation as a member of the community, in-depth interviews and institutional documents, she explores the link between the specificity of the EU setting and the knowledge and skills required. Her analysis of the learning experiences of newcomers in the professional community shows that EU interpreters' competence is to a large extent context-dependent and acquired through situated learning. In addition, it highlights the various factors which have an impact on this learning process. Using the way Dutch booth EU interpreters share the workload in the booth as a case, Duflou demonstrates the importance of mastering collaborative and embodied skills for EU interpreters. She thereby challenges the idea of interpreting competence from an individual, cognitive accomplishment and redefines it as the ability to apply the practical and setting-determined know-how required to function as a full member of the professional community.
V prispevku so objavljeni rezultati bioarheoloških (tj. antropoloških, arheozooloških in arheobotaničnih) raziskav grobišča Marof na Igu, kjer je bilo odkritih 28 grobov iz časa od druge ...polovice 1. st. do konca 3. oziroma začetka 4. st. Izsledki ponujajo vpogled v nekatere populacijske parametre in v pogrebne običaje antičnih Ižancev. Antropološka analiza je postregla z ugotovitvami o starostni in spolni strukturi pokojnikov, pa tudi o načinu sežiganja trupel. Analiza živalskih ostankov je pokazala domnevne primere obredno žrtvovanih in/ali pridanih (delov) živali, tako v smislu grobne popotnice/grobnega pridatka kot morda tudi stavbne daritve. Rezultati arheobotanične študije nedvoumnih sledi obrednih praks niso pokazali (razen morda prisotnosti ostankov fig), so pa ponudili vpogled v nabor tedanjih gojenih rastlin in v naravno rastje v okolici najdišča.
Background: A medieval mummy known as the Blessed Antonio (Patrizi) is held in the church of Saints Peter and Paul at Monticiano, Sienna, central Italy.Objectives: The aim of our investigation was to ...complete a biological profile of the subject, as well as to assess the impact of deterioration to the concerned remains.Methods: As a follow-up of our bioanthropological, macroscopic approach, two of the samples taken underwent rehydration, fixation, desiccation, paraffin-embedding, and staining according to standard histological techniques applied to mummified remains.Results: The body was determined to be that of an adult male, who showed some pathological changes such as dental calculus and what is suspected to be hallux valgus. The overall preservation of a skin sample revealed damage caused by a post-mortem infestation of insects, while a second, inner sample was identified as lung tissue, and revealed a case of anthracosis.Conclusions: The Blessed Antonio was an adult male, who had poor dental hygiene and was likely exposed to smoke during his lifetime. Damage observed on the remains indicated that a conservation treatment was desirable for the future preservation of the body.
Straipsnyje supažindinama su esminiais anglų socialinės ir amerikiečių kultūrinės antropologijos bruožais, srovėmis ir tendencijomis. Šiuolaikinė anglų socialinė ir amerikiečių kultūrinė ...antropologija savo tyrimo objektu laiko primityvias, rašto neturinčias arba ikiindustrines visuomenes ir teigia, kad būtina betarpiškai stebėti egzistuojančias visuomenes, kadangi joks socialinis institutas negalįs būti adekvačiai suprastas, empiriškai jo neištyrus. Apžvelgiamas socialinės ir kultūrinės antropologijos tarpusavio santykis bei jų santykis su kitais visuomenės mokslais. Anglų antopologai kaip atskiras industrinę visuomenę tiriančias disciplinas išskiria etnografiją, etnologiją ir socialinę antropologiją. Jie aiškiai skiria „visuomenės“ ir „kultūros“ sąvokas. JAV antropologai socialinę struktūrą supranta tik kaip vieną kultūros aspektą. Skiriamos ir aptariamos antropologijos kryptys – difuzionizmas, funkcionalizmas, istorinė mokykla ir kultūrinis reliatyvizmas. Pastarasis yra vertybių teorija, atmetanti evoliucinį požiūrį į kultūrą, kaip etnocentrizmo (europocentrizmo) apraišką ir teigianti, kad kiekviena kultūra turi savo moralinius standartus ir vienos standartai netaikytini kitai.
Mesta se zaradi prenaseljenosti, onesnaževanja, hrupa ter drugih ekoloških in družbenih problemov spoprijemajo s čedalje slabšo kakovostjo urbanega življenja, kar zahteva učinkovito načrtovanje ...njihove prihodnosti. Urbane vizije kot vidik strateškega načrtovanja so lahko izhodišče za radikalno preobrazbo načina, na katerega se kraji razvijajo v mesta prihodnosti, ki uspešno rešujejo trenutne izzive. Članek, ki izhaja iz antropologije prihodnosti in načrtovanja, analizira, kako si mesta zamišljajo svojo prihodnost in kako jo upovedujejo
Analizom višegodišnjih interdisciplinarnih terenskih istraživanja, te bilježenjem učinaka infrastrukturnih zahvata u prirodni okoliš Drežnice, članak doprinosi složenijem razumijevanju historijskih, ...društvenih i ekonomskih procesa suodnosa ljudi i prirodnog okoliša, kao ključnih odrednica moderniteta. Pitanje tko, kakvom tehnologijom i s kojim obećanjima upravlja krškim krajolikom, te u kojim se okolnostima i u čijem interesu javlja potreba njegove zaštite, sagledava se u duljem povijesnom trajanju s fokusom na promjene upravljanja Drežničkim poljem. Oslanjajući se na objavljene i arhivske izvore, članak postavlja širi ekohistorijski okvir za analizu suvremenog antropogenog utjecaja na Drežničko polje, na primjeru aktualnog projekta njegove retencije. Učinci hidroinžinjerskih zahvata na lokalnu zajednicu sagledavaju se kroz analitičku prizmu procesualne antropologije infrastrukture, a temelje na intervjuima s članovima lokalne zajednice i ekoloških udruga te na analizi birokratskog diskursa studija na okoliš.
This article presents an analysis of the effects of infrastructural interventions in the natural environment of Drežnica, based on many years of field research and an interdisciplinary approach to methodology. In this way, it contributes to a more nuanced understanding of the historical, social, and economic elements of the relationship between humans and the natural environment, as key notions of modernity. Several questions are addressed: who manages the karst landscape, using which technology, promising which results, under which circumstances, and whose interest it is to protect the landscape. These questions are considered from a longer historical perspective, with a focus on changes in the management model of Drežničko polje. Relying on published and archival sources, the article sets a broader eco-historical framework for the analysis of the contemporary anthropogenic impact on Drežničko polje, using the example of the current project of its retention. The effects of hydro-engineering operations on the local community are viewed through the analytical prism of processual anthropology of infrastructure, based on the analysis of the bureaucratic discourse of environmental policy studies and interviews with members of the local community and environmental organizations.
Posljednjih desetljeća u brojnim crkvenim dokumentima, izjavama papa, biskupskih konferencija i pojedinih biskupa dekonstrukcija rodnih stereotipa tumači se kao destrukcija kršćanske antropologije. ...Za razliku od toga, postoje dokumenti i izjave u kojima se crkveno učiteljstvo ograđuje od biološkog determinizma te dopušta dekonstrukciju rodnih stereotipa, ali bez dovođenja u pitanje muško-ženske prirode na kojoj se temelje. U drugom dijelu članka prikazat ćemo da se (de)konstrukcija katoličke antropologije trajno događa i da ne vodi do razaranja i negiranja ljudske prirode već do shvaćanja procesa koji su utjecali na način na koji se muško-ženska priroda definirala. Na taj način se otvaraju mogućnosti za daljnji razvoj teološke antropologije u interdisciplinarnom znanstvenom pristupu. Koliko se sa stereotipnim izjavama o ženama i muškarcima slažu religiozni katolici koji pohađaju vjerske obrede analiziramo na temelju podataka prikupljenih u istraživanju provedenom u Hrvatskoj 2018. godine u sklopu projekta »Relacijski rodni odnosi u Hrvatskoj: modernizacijske i razvojne perspektive« (GENMOD).
In recent decades, the deconstruction of gender stereotypes has been interpreted as the destruction of Christian anthropology in numerous church documents, statements by popes and bishops, and episcopal conferences. In contrast, there are documents and statements in which church teachings distances itself from biological determinism and allows the deconstruction of gender stereotypes but without questioning the male-female nature on which they are based. In the second part of the article, we will show that the (de)construction of Catholic anthropology is constantly occurring and does not lead to the destruction and negation of human nature but to an understanding of the processes that influenced the way male-female nature is defined. This opens up opportunities for further development of theological anthropology with an interdisciplinary scientific approach. The extent to which religious Catholics who attend religious ceremonies agree with stereotypical statements about women and men is analysed in this article. This is based on data collected in a survey conducted in Croatia in 2018 that was part of the project »Relational Gender Identities in Croatia: Modernization and Development Perspectives« (GENMOD).
Ovaj rad prati profesionalnu i znanstvenu karijeru Franje Ivaničeka,
prvog bioarheologa u Hrvatskoj. U vrijeme Drugog svjetskoga
rata ustaški poručnik Ivaniček školovao se na Institutu cara
Wilhelma ...za antropologiju, znanost o ljudskom nasljeđivanju i
eugeniku u Berlinu, mjestu stvaranja većine znanstvenih teorija
nacističke eugenike i rasne higijene. Provodi rasistička antropološka
istraživanja u skladu sa službenom rasnom politikom NDH,
što ga 1944. godine dovodi na poziciju rukovoditelja Hrvatskog
državnoga antropoložkog zavoda u Zagrebu. Nakon rata, postaje
voditelj Antropološkog odsjeka Biološkog zavoda na Medicinskom
fakultetu Sveučilišta u Zagrebu te mijenja znanstveni
diskurs u proučavanje geneze među staroslavenskom i suvremenom
populacijom Jugoslavije kako bi opovrgnuo njemačke i
mađarske znanstvene teorije o naseljavanju Nijemaca i Avara na
teritoriju Jugoslavije.
PDF
