Aim: The aim of this study is to evaluate the influence of occlusion on body posture and plantar arch pressure. Settings and Design: An Observational analysis to Analyze the Influence of Occlusion on ...Plantar Pressure and Body Posture. Materials and Methods: A total of 30 asymptomatic subjects were selected for the study including 18 females and 12 males from age group 22 years to 28 years with a mean age of 24.83 years. Each subject underwent evaluation of occlusion at MIP using a Digital Occlusal analyzer (T-Scan III). At this point, the subjects were made to stand on a mat scan which consisted of a large postural platform sensor and a computer that displayed the plantar pressure data. The computer connected to the T Scan displayed the occlusal pressure analysis. This was followed by an evaluation of body posture using a posture grid where the photographs were taken and an evaluation of the frontal and lateral photos was done using the APECS – posture analysis app. Statistical Analysis Used: Statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) for windows version 22.0 Released 2013, Armonk, N Y: IBM Corp., was used to perform Statistical Analysis. A chi-square test was applied for qualitative variables to find the association. Paired t-test was applied to compare the changes in the quantitative parameters in eye-open and eye-closed conditions. The level of significance was set at 5%. Results: As observed from the results, occlusion for 40% of the subjects, where n = 12, was dominant on the right side. Occlusion for 23.3% of subjects, where n = 7, was dominant on the left side. Whereas, for 36.7% of subjects, where n = 11, the pressure distribution was almost equal on both sides. The inclination of body posture for 23.3% of subjects, where n = 7, was towards the right side. The inclination of body posture for 50% of subjects, where n = 11, was towards the left side. And, the inclination of body posture for 26.7% of subjects, where n = 8, was neutral i.e., balanced on the right and left side. Plantar pressure for 6.7% of subjects, where n = 2, was dominant on the right side. Plantar pressure for 36.7% of subjects, where n = 11, was dominant on the left side. Whereas, for 56.7% of subjects, where n = 17, the plantar pressure distribution was almost equal on both sides. Conclusion: On correlating the three parameters, it was found that occlusion for most of the subjects dominated on the right side, while body posture and plantar pressure dominated on the contralateral i.e., left side.
The physiological sagittal spinal curvature represents a typical feature of good body posture in the sagittal plane. The cervical and the lumbar spine are curved anteriorly (lordosis), while the ...thoracic segment is curved posteriorly (kyphosis). The pelvis is inclined anteriorly, and the lower limbs' joints remain in a neutral position. However, there are many deviations from the optimal body alignment.The aim of this paper is to present the most common types of non-structural misalignments of the body posture in the sagittal plane.
The most common types of non-structural misalignments of body posture in the sagittal plane are as follows: (1) lordotic, (2) kyphotic, (3) flat-back, and (4) sway-back postures. Each one may influence both the skeletal and the muscular system leading to the functional disturbance and an increased strain of the supporting structures. Usually, the disturbances localized within the muscles are analyzed in respect to their shortening or lengthening. However, according to suggestions presented in the literature, when the muscles responsible for maintaining good body posture (the so-called stabilizers) are not being stimulated to resist against gravity for an extended period of time, e.g., during prolonged sitting, their stabilizing function is disturbed by the hypoactivity reaction resulting in muscular weakness. The deficit of the locomotor system stability triggers a compensatory mechanism-the stabilizing function is overtaken by the so-called mobilizing muscles. However, as a side effect, such compensation leads to the increased activity of mobilizers (hyperactivity) and decreased flexibility, which may finally lead to the pathological chain of reaction within the musculoskeletal system.
There exist four principal types of non-structural body posture misalignments in the sagittal plane: lordotic posture, kyphotic posture, flat-back posture, and sway-back posture. Each of them can disturb the physiological loading of the musculoskeletal system in a specific way, which may lead to a functional disorder.When planning postural corrective exercises, not only the analysis of muscles in respect to their shortening and lengthening but also their hypoactivity and hyperactivity should be considered.
Genu valgum is a postural anomaly that affects the alignment and functionality of the lower extremity. However, current methods for measuring genu valgum have limitations such as inconsistency, ...invasiveness, cost and inconvenience. Therefore, this study aims to develop a deep learning architecture for the prediction of genu valgum using non-contact pose analysis.
After collating posture data from 1519 Chinese adolescents, we developed a model with two branches: one branch uses Real-Time Multi-Person Pose (RTM Pose) to identify landmarks related to genu valgum, and another branch involves ChatGPT, which generates supplementary features by receiving prompts and inputting subject images. In addition, to verify whether ChatGPT provided useful features, we compared it against a baseline model that used only RTM Pose.
Our model aspires to provide a comprehensive perspective, potentially elevating the accuracy in detecting and prognosticating genu valgum. Fortunately, our model outperformed the baseline, achieving a 77.19% accuracy. This demonstrates that ChatGPT can effectively capture semantic information from images, providing a novel and useful feature for the detection of genu valgum.
Our study presents a rapid and effective means of predicting genu valgum using non-contact pose analysis and highlights the potential of ChatGPT in medical imaging.
•Keypoint and ChatGPT-based features accurately identify genu valgum in adolescents.•Non-contact and non-X-ray detection method achieves the better performance.•The method we proposed achieves an accuracy of 77.19%, recall of 77.00% and auc of 83.04%.
Hip‐worn accelerometers are widely used to estimate physical activity (PA), but the accuracy of acceleration threshold‐based analysis is compromised when it comes to identifying stationary and ...sedentary behaviors, let alone classifying body postures into lying, sitting, or standing. The purpose of this study was to devise a novel method for accurate classification of body posture using triaxial data from hip‐worn accelerometer and to evaluate its performance in free‐living conditions against a thigh‐worn accelerometer. The posture classification rested on 2 facts: constant Earth's gravity vector and upright walking posture. Thirty healthy adults wore a hip‐mounted accelerometer and underwent an array of lying, sitting, standing, and walking tasks. Task type, their order, and length were randomly assigned to each participant. During walking, the accelerometer orientation in terms of gravity vector was taken as reference, and the angle for posture estimation (APE) was determined from the incident accelerometer orientation in relation to the reference vector. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve yielded an optimal cut‐point APE of 64.9° (sensitivity 100% and specificity 100%) for lying and sitting and 11.6° (94.2%; 94.5%) for sitting and standing. In free‐living conditions, high agreement (89.2% for original results and 90.4% for median‐filtered results) in identifying sedentary periods (sitting and lying) was observed between the results from hip‐ and thigh‐worn accelerometers. Walking provides a valid reference activity to determine the body posture. The proposed APE analysis of the raw data from hip‐worn triaxial accelerometer gives accurate and specific information about daily times spent lying, sitting, and standing.
Background Playing a musical instrument requires physical movements that are involved in sound production and movements with more expressive and communicative characteristics. Both movements co-occur ...during a performance; however, the interaction between the movements is still unclear. Methods Using motion capture technology, the movement patterns of clarinetists were analyzed at certain points in a performance to investigate how instrumental and ancillary movements interplay. Movements in the arms and knees of clarinetists during a performance were recorded using this technology. The mean angular movements at specific points in the piece, where some players inhaled and others did not, were compared. Results While the players who inhaled adopted significantly more upright body and neutral arm positions, the players who did not inhale seemed less interrupted in their performance. The results showed that the players performed rather individual ancillary movements, but at specific points, such as during melodic transitions, they performed similarly. At certain points in the melody, while some players needed to inhale, others adjusted their playing according to the inhalation moment to adopt a suitable body position. Discussion The ancillary movement was consequently interrupted by the physiological necessity to inhale. The findings provide more insights into the interplay of instrumental and ancillary movements during a performance.
Real-time and automatic monitoring of worker behaviors and activities have great potential to improve construction job site operation. Traditional behavior monitoring of construction workers relies ...on human interpretation to determine workers' semantic conditions (e.g., tasks performing, safety status). Although advanced sensing technologies provide more accurate quantitative data on worker behavior, how to effectively link the data to a worker's semantic condition in a form that is understandable for humans remains a challenge. This paper proposed a novel posture coding scheme based on the worker's body part relative position (BPRP) information. The proposed coding scheme compresses the quantitative 3D skeleton data into qualitative posture descriptions but keeps the body part relative space information. Afterward, an indoor motion test is conducted to validate the reliability of the proposed BPBR coding scheme. The test results showed that by employing the BPRP coding scheme, the manual and automatic posture coding could achieve consistent results. Therefore, the manual posture coding results can be transformed into human skeleton figures and then further processed by the quantitative algorithms. Correspondingly, the computer-captured human skeleton data can be easily connected to the manual observation results by interpreting the BPRB codes
•A worker posture coding scheme is proposed based on a worker's Body Parts Relative Position.•An automatic worker posture coding model is developed based on the proposed coding scheme.•A consistency test is demonstrated between the automatic coding scheme and the manual coding scheme.
Low back pain is the most frequently reported musculoskeletal disorder and represents one of the highest patient burdens in healthcare. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to investigate ...the effectiveness of Pilates exercise on pain intensity and functional disability caused by low back pain (LBP).PURPOSELow back pain is the most frequently reported musculoskeletal disorder and represents one of the highest patient burdens in healthcare. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to investigate the effectiveness of Pilates exercise on pain intensity and functional disability caused by low back pain (LBP).A Systematic review with meta-analysis was conducted. Data sources: MEDLINE-NLM and MEDLINE-EBSCO. We also searched on Scopus Elsevier, Cochrane, DOAJ, SciELO, PEDro, and PLOS ONE databases. Eligibility criteria: randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating LBP in which the primary treatment was based on Pilates exercise compared with no exercise, or non-specific exercise.MATERIALS AND METHODSA Systematic review with meta-analysis was conducted. Data sources: MEDLINE-NLM and MEDLINE-EBSCO. We also searched on Scopus Elsevier, Cochrane, DOAJ, SciELO, PEDro, and PLOS ONE databases. Eligibility criteria: randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating LBP in which the primary treatment was based on Pilates exercise compared with no exercise, or non-specific exercise.The search returned 1566 records of which 36 articles were included in the systematic review and 19 in the meta-analysis. Twenty-two studies compared the effects of Pilates exercise vs no exercise and 13 studies examined the effects of Pilates exercise vs non-specific exercise. Analysis showed that Pilates had a positive effect on the perception of LBP vs no exercise. A similar trend occurred with non-specific exercise.RESULTSThe search returned 1566 records of which 36 articles were included in the systematic review and 19 in the meta-analysis. Twenty-two studies compared the effects of Pilates exercise vs no exercise and 13 studies examined the effects of Pilates exercise vs non-specific exercise. Analysis showed that Pilates had a positive effect on the perception of LBP vs no exercise. A similar trend occurred with non-specific exercise.Pilates exercise can decrease LBP compared to no exercise and non-specific exercise. General practitioners should consider Pilates exercise as an effective strategy to manage LBP and counteract the growing health.CONCLUSIONSPilates exercise can decrease LBP compared to no exercise and non-specific exercise. General practitioners should consider Pilates exercise as an effective strategy to manage LBP and counteract the growing health.PROSPERO registration number: CRD42022308387.IMPLICATIONS FOR REHABILITATIONPilates is a good strategy for improving low back pain and is more effective than other exercise programs or no exercise.Pilates is a safe tool to apply to most of the population with low back pain.Pilates is a non-pharmacological strategy useful for counteracting low back pain.TRIAL REGISTRATIONPROSPERO registration number: CRD42022308387.IMPLICATIONS FOR REHABILITATIONPilates is a good strategy for improving low back pain and is more effective than other exercise programs or no exercise.Pilates is a safe tool to apply to most of the population with low back pain.Pilates is a non-pharmacological strategy useful for counteracting low back pain.
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