The article describes the key features of the system of foreign language teacher professional training in Bukovina in 1918 to 1940. Bukovina is an area of present-day Western Ukraine, which in the ...period under study belonged to Romania. The study has been carried out in the form of an analysis of the components constituting the system of foreign language teacher education: the discussion begins with the preconditions for establishing pedagogical practices in training future teachers from the historical-social and administrative-territorial perspectives; then the structural aspects and educational policymaking issues of the institutions responsible for foreign language teacher training in Bukovina, as well as their activities aimed at providing professional support for in-service teachers, have been studied; finally, the structure and content of both the curricula and textbooks used in foreign language teachers' education have been critically analysed. The deliberations brought the authors to conclude that the methods of teaching foreign languages most widely used and supported by the government in the period under study in Bukovina were the Direct and Mixed methods. At the same time, the analysis of governmental policy of the ruling state contributed to the process of Romanianisation of the Ukrainians, depriving young people of the opportunity to gain secondary and higher education in their native language, while discriminating against the school graduates on their ethnicity as the criterion for enrolment of university applicants for a degree in teaching foreign languages.
Lake Bolătău-Feredeu is a small (surface: 0.3 ha; catchment area: 31 ha) landslide-dammed lake in Bukovina (Eastern Carpathians, Romania). Elemental concentration, stable isotope composition of ...carbon and nitrogen, and n-alkane composition of the saturated hydrocarbon fraction of the organic material were analyzed along the sediment profile from Lake Bolătău-Feredeu covering the past ∼700 years. The ranges of δ13C values (−30.5 to −26.6‰) and C/N atomic ratios (10.5 and 15.4) placed the organic material of the recent Bolătău-Feredeu sediment between the C3 Land Plants and the lacustrine algae. The n-alkane proxies provide better distinction between organic matter inputs. Detected major shifts in the n-alkane composition and the C and N concentrations along with the stable isotope compositions pointed towards three distinct stages in the environmental history of the lake-catchment system. The proxy information indicate a substantial landscape change characterized by deforestation and an increase in open pastureland with herbaceous vegetation from ∼1820. The C/N, δ15N, and δ13C values showed the highest variability probably linked to a variable lacustrine environment and decreased productivity in the catchment between ∼1640 and 1760. It can be assumed that the extended periods of lake ice cover during the cold decades experienced at the turn of the 17th-18th centuries resulted in diminished biological productivity both in the lake and its catchment. Finally, afforestation and the decline in lake productivity have been reconstructed for the period of ∼1470–1560.
Antoniy Moysey. Traditional Methods of Treat- ment of Ukrainian and Rumanian of Bukovina’s written materials and archival sources XVIII - XX centuries The article presents the results of studies of ...folk medical practices in the XVIII – XX centuries. That survived thanks to ethnographic descriptions, ethnology collections, data from questionnaires of the various subjects and archival materials. For the first time systematically covered Romanian historiography and source base of the problem. Research localized area of Bukovina and in ethnic terms of Romanian and Ukrainian population. Key words: Bukovina, Romanian of Bukovina, Ukrainian of Bukovina, traditional medicine, traditional therapies, spell. Antoniy Moysey. LES MÉTHODES TRADITIONNELLES DE TRAITEMENT CHEZ LES UKRAINIENS ET ROUMAINS DE BUCOVINE DANS LES DOCUMENTS IMPRIMÉS ET LES SOURCES D'ARCHIVES DU XVIII – XX SIÈCLES. L'article présente les résultats d'une recherche de la pratique de médecine populaire dans les siècles XVIII – XX, qui est parvenue jusqu'à nos jours, grâce aux descriptions ethnographiques, aux recueils de médecine traditionnelle et aux documents d'archives. Pour la première fois on a éclairée de manière systémique l'historiographie roumainophone et les origines de ce problème. Les études sont localisées sur la région de Bucovine, au plan ethnique – par la population roumaine et ukrainienne. Mots-clés: Bucovine, les roumains de Bucovine, les ukrainiens de la région de Bucovine, la médecine traditionnelle, les méthodes traditionnelles de traitement, les incantations. Мойсей Антоний. ТРАДИЦИОННЫЕ МЕТОДЫ ЛЕЧЕНИЯ УКРАИНЦЕВ И РУМЫН БУКОВИНЫ В ПЕЧАТНЫХ МАТЕРИАЛАХ И АРХИВНЫХ ИСТОЧНИКАХ XVIII - ХХ В. В статье представлены результаты исследований народной лечебной практики в XVІII-ХХ в., которая дошла до наших дней, благодаря этнографическим описаниям, народоведческим сборникам, данным анкет различной тематики и архивным материалам. Впервые системно описана румыноязычная историография и источниковая база проблемы. Исследование проведено на территории Буковины среди румынского и украинского населения. Ключевые слова: Буковина, румыны Буковины, украинцы Буковины, народная медицина, традиционные методы лечения, заклинания.
Making Ukraine Palko, Olena; Ardeleanu, Constantin; Schmid, Ulrich
05/2022
eBook
Russia's illegal annexation of Crimea in 2014 and the ongoing
war in eastern Ukraine have brought scholarly and public attention
to Ukraine's borders. Making Ukraine aims to investigate
the various ...processes of negotiation, delineation, and contestation
that have shaped the country's borders throughout the past century.
Essays by contributors from various historical fields consider how,
when, and under what conditions the borders that historically
define the country were agreed upon. A diverse set of national and
transnational contexts are explored, with a primary focus on the
critical period between 1917 and 1954. Chapters are organized
around three main themes: the interstate treaties that brought
about the new international order in Eastern Europe in the
aftermath of the world wars, the formation of the internal
boundaries between Ukraine and other Soviet republics, and the
delineation of Ukraine's borders with its western neighbours.
Investigating the process of bordering Ukraine in the post-Soviet
era, contributors also pay close attention to the competing visions
of future relations between Ukraine and Russia. Through its broad
geographic and thematic coverage, Making Ukraine
illustrates that the dynamics of contemporary border formation
cannot be fully understood through the lens of a sole state,
frontier, or ideology and sheds light on the shared history of
territory and state formation in Europe and the wider modern
world.
Антоний Мойсей Родильная обрядность населения Буковины в научных трудах румынских исследователей ІІ половины XIX - начала XXI века. Аннотация. Результаты многочисленного фундаментального ...анкетирования, этнографического и фольклорного материала, собранного во время полевых исследований представлены в данной статье. Появление серьезных теоретических разработок румынских ученых приводят сегодня к процессу осмысления огромного массива эмпирического материала, накопленного в течение более чем столетия. С меньшим количеством использованных буковинских материалов, но с высокой долей теоретической фундаментальности к этому ряду следует приобщить монографию И. Гина «Этот мир, тот мир» и работу Н.А. Штюк «На пороге белого света», в которых обряды, сопровождающие появление на свет новорожденного человека, получают глубинную философскую колоратуру. Ключевые слова: Буковина, румыны Буковины, родильная обрядность, трансформация обрядов, анкетирование, типологизация, повитуха, прорицательница. Moysey Antoniy Maternity rites of population of Bukovina in scientific studies of the Romanian researchers the second half of the ХІХ - early XXI centuries Abstract. In this article the information component is presented in the works of different generations of Romanian ethnographers concerning maternity rites of the population of Bukovina, its southern and northern parts. Considered availability of materials is obtained from informants from Bukovina, which is a result of massive ethnographic survey conducted since the second half of the XIX century and to the nowadays. Among them is certainly valuable information about the population of Bukovina is analyzed in the article “Linguistically-mythological” questionnaire, conducted on the initiative of B.P. Hashdeu in 1884-1885 years; much research work represent "Bucharest sociological school", were held in the interwar period (material regarding Bukovina is used in the work of K. Kostaforu); fundamental research was provided under the accumulation of material for Romanian Ethnographic Atlas assembly, initiated by the Institute of Ethnography and Folklore "Constantin Braila" of the Romanian Academy of Sciences; a large amount of source material on the subject, which is stored in the collections of Iasi Branch of the Romanian Institute of Philology of A. Filipide of the Romanian Academy of Sciences entitled "Folklore Archives of Moldova and Bucovina", collected during the project "common folk and ethnographic questionnaire" (1969 - 2010). To understand the typological characteristics of the maternity rituals Ukrainians and Romanians in Bukovina article deals with the monograph, based on a rich Bukovinian source materials. The most noun materials in this current question are researches of S. F. Marian, E. Nikulitse-Voroky, A. Horoveya. For the current state of development of the designated subject is demonstrative A. Hulubash`s monograph, based on materials already mentioned "common folk and ethnographic questionnaire." Moreover, it should be emphasized that the Bukovinian materials were widely represented in works devoted to Moldova. However, it mostly concerns southern Bukovina and only partially to the northern part. These gaps are filled with materials collected in the works of S.F. Marian, E. Nikulitse-Voronky, including also collection from Ukrainian villages. Key words: Bukovina, Bukovina Romanians, maternity ritualism, rites of transformation, questioning, typology, midwife, prophetess.
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