Facial protective equipment (FPE) adherence is necessary for the health and safety of nursing professionals. This review was conducted to synthesize predisposing, enabling, and reinforcing factors ...that influence FPE adherence, and thus inform efforts to promote adherence.
Articles were collected using Cumulated Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature and MEDLINE and screened for inclusion. Included articles were original studies focused on FPE adherence by nurses to prevent respiratory infection which contained occupation-specific data from at least 10 individuals and were published in English between January 2005 and February 2022.
Thirty articles were included, 21 of which reported adherence rates. Adherence ranged from 33% to 100% for respiratory protection and 22% to 100% for eye protection. Predisposing demographic factors influencing adherence included tenure and occupation, while modifiable predisposing factors included knowledge and perception of FPE, infection transmission, and risk. Enabling factors included geography, care settings, and FPE availability. Reinforcing factors included organizational support for health and safety, clear policies, and training.
The identified demographic factors suggest populations that may benefit from targeted interventions, while modifiable factors suggest opportunities to enhance education as well as operational processes and supports. Interventions that target these areas have the potential to promote adherence and thereby improve the occupational safety of nurses.
•Organizational, environmental, and individual factors impact nurses’ FPE adherence.•FPE access, policy clarity, and organizational support promote an adherence culture.•Adherence promotion strategies should focus on newer and emergency department staff.•Education should focus on FPE knowledge, infection transmission, and risk perception.
The study aimed to investigate the mental health and emotional reaction of physicians working during phase 1 of the COVID-19 pandemic in Italy.
A total of 458 Italian Health Care Workers (HCWs) ...working during phases 1 of the COVID-19 outbreak were voluntarily enlisted in the study and recruited with the snowball technique through an online survey. We examined our variables with the General Health Questionnaire - 12 and with Visual Analog Scales.
The sample has a high level of psychological distress 21.26 (SD = 4.46), the emotional reaction was characterized by high level of fear for family members and cohabitants (
= 77.67, SD = 27.16) and patients (
= 67.16, SD = 27.71). Perceived control, fear for patients, and for family members and cohabitants, feeling alone and anger all contribute to a decreased mental health in Italian physicians (
= 0.285, p < 0.001).
Italian HCWs' mental health and emotional reaction have to be considered to prevent high risk of burnout and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). It becomes pivotal in the next months to implement a tailored psychological intervention to take care of HCWs and to prevent costly consequences for them, patients, and the healthcare system.
•Healthcare workers (HCW) are part of the frontline in the struggle against the pandemic.•Many HCWs have been infected with SARS-CoV-2 and have ldied worldwide during the pandemic.•We performed an ...international survey and requested the total numbers of HCW deaths and infections.•Data were obtained from 37 countries, where HCWs have lost their lives in substantial numbers.•We call on the WHO Director-General to highlight this tragedy at the WHO COVID-19 website regularly.
Objective:
The COVID-19 epidemic has generated great stress throughout healthcare workers (HCWs). The situation of HCWs should be fully and timely understood. The aim of this meta-analysis is to ...determine the psychological impact of COVID-19 pandemic on health care workers.
Method:
We searched the original literatures published from 1 Nov 2019 to 20 Sep 2020 in electronic databases of PUBMED, EMBASE and WEB OF SCIENCE. Forty-seven studies were included in the meta-analysis with a combined total of 81,277 participants.
Results:
The pooled prevalence of anxiety is 37% (95% CI 0.31–0.42, I
2
= 99.9%) from 44 studies. Depression is estimated in 39 studies, and the pooled prevalence of depression is 36% (95% CI 0.31–0.41, I
2
= 99.6%). There are 10 studies reported the prevalence of insomnia, and the overall prevalence of insomnia is 32% (95% CI 0.23–0.42, I
2
= 99.5%). The subgroup analysis showed a higher incidence of anxiety and depression among women and the frontline HCWs compared to men and non-frontline HCWs respectively.
Conclusions:
The COVID-19 pandemic has caused heavy psychological impact among healthcare professionals especially women and frontline workers. Timely psychological counseling and intervention ought to be implemented for HCWs in order to alleviate their anxiety and improve their general mental health.
OBJECTIVES
Long‐term care (LTC) facilities are particularly dangerous places for the spread of COVID‐19 given that they house vulnerable high‐risk populations. Transmission‐based precautions to ...protect residents, employees, and families alike must account for potential risks posed by LTC workersʼ second jobs and unpaid care work. This observational study describes the prevalence of their (1) second jobs, and (2) unpaid care work for dependent children and/or adult relatives (double‐ and triple‐duty caregiving) overall and by occupational group (registered nurses RNs, licensed practical nurses LPNs, or certified nursing assistants CNAs).
DESIGN
A descriptive secondary analysis of data collected as part of the final wave of the Work, Family and Health Study.
SETTING
Thirty nursing home facilities located throughout the northeastern United States.
PARTICIPANTS
A subset of 958 essential facility‐based LTC workers involved in direct patient care.
MEASUREMENTS
We present information on LTC workersʼ demographic characteristics, health, features of their LTC occupation, additional paid work, wages, and double‐ or triple‐duty caregiving roles.
RESULTS
Most LTC workers were CNAs, followed by LPNs and RNs. Overall, more than 70% of these workers agreed or strongly agreed with this statement: “When you are sick, you still feel obligated to come into work.” One‐sixth had a second job, where they worked an average of 20 hours per week, and more than 60% held double‐ or triple‐duty caregiving roles. Additional paid work and unpaid care work characteristics did not significantly differ by occupational group, although the prevalence of second jobs was highest and accompanying work hours were longest among CNAs.
CONCLUSION
LTC workers commonly hold second jobs along with double‐ and triple‐duty caregiving roles. To slow the spread of COVID‐19, both the paid and unpaid activities of these employees warrant consideration in the identification of appropriate clinical, policy, and informal supports. J Am Geriatr Soc 68:1657‐1660, 2020.
•At least one in five healthcare professionals report symptoms of depression and anxiety.•Almost four in ten healthcare workers experience sleeping difficulties and/or insomnia.•Rates of anxiety and ...depression were higher for female healthcare workers and nursing staff.•Milder mood symptoms are common and screening should aim to identify mild and sub-threshold syndromes.
COVID-19 pandemic has the potential to significantly affect the mental health of healthcare workers (HCWs), who stand in the frontline of this crisis. It is, therefore, an immediate priority to monitor rates of mood, sleep and other mental health issues in order to understand mediating factors and inform tailored interventions. The aim of this review is to synthesize and analyze existing evidence on the prevalence of depression, anxiety and insomnia among HCWs during the Covid-19 outbreak.
A systematic search of literature databases was conducted up to April 17th, 2020. Two reviewers independently assessed full-text articles according to predefined criteria. Risk of bias for each individual study was assessed and data pooled using random-effects meta-analyses to estimate the prevalence of specific mental health problems. The review protocol is registered in PROSPERO and is available online.
Thirteen studies were included in the analysis with a combined total of 33,062 participants. Anxiety was assessed in 12 studies, with a pooled prevalence of 23·2% and depression in 10 studies, with a prevalence rate of 22·8%. A subgroup analysis revealed gender and occupational differences with female HCPs and nurses exhibiting higher rates of affective symptoms compared to male and medical staff respectively. Finally, insomnia prevalence was estimated at 38·9% across 5 studies.
Early evidence suggests that a considerable proportion of HCWs experience mood and sleep disturbances during this outbreak, stressing the need to establish ways to mitigate mental health risks and adjust interventions under pandemic conditions.
•The current review was done to conduct systematic appraisal of studies on Mental health problems faced by healthcare workers(HCW) due to the COVID-19 pandemic.•The review showed that several ...socio-demographic variables like gender, profession, age, place of work, department of work were associated with increased stress, anxiety, depressive symptoms, insomnia in HCW.•Certain psychological variables like poor social support, self-efficacy were associated with increased stress, anxiety, depressive symptoms, insomnia in HCW.
The spread of novel corona virus (COVID-19) across the globe and the associated morbidity and mortality challenged the nations by several means. One such underrecognized and unaddressed area is the mental health issues medical staff develop during the pandemic.
This review aimed to review the literature about mental health problems faced by health care workers (HCW) during the COVID-19 pandemic. Literature search was conducted in the following databases: PubMed, Google Scholar, Cochrane Library, Embase. All types of articles published in the last 4 months (January 2020-April 2020) which were relevant to the subject of the review were searched. A total of 23 articles were selected by initial screening and 6 articles were included in the final review.
Review of all the 6 articles showed that current research focused on assessing several aspects of mental health affected in HCW due to COVID-19. Several sociodemographic variables like gender, profession, age, place of work, department of work and psychological variables like poor social support, self-efficacy were associated with increased stress, anxiety, depressive symptoms, insomnia in HCW. There is increasing evidence that suggests that COVID-19 can be an independent risk factor for stress in HCW.
Regular screening of medical personnel involved in treating, diagnosing patients with COVID-19 should be done for evaluating stress, depression and anxiety by using multidisciplinary Psychiatry teams.
•This systematic review and meta-analysis has identified the top 10 physical and mental health outcomes in health care workers infected or exposed to coronavirus syndromes (Severe Acute Respiratory ...Syndrome -SARS-, Middle East Respiratory Syndrome -MERS-, Novel coronavirus -COVID-19-).•The physical and mental health burden associated with SARS/MERS/COVID-19 in health care workers is high.•These findings could inform public health strategies to detect the most frequent physical and mental health outcomes in health care workers, monitor their course and implement preventive/treatment measures to mitigate their effect in this vulnerable population.
Health care workers (HCW) are at high risk of developing physical/mental health outcomes related to coronavirus syndromes. Nature and frequency of these outcomes are undetermined.
PRISMA/MOOSE-compliant (PROSPERO-CRD42020180205) systematic review of Web of Science/grey literature until 15th April 2020, to identify studies reporting physical/mental health outcomes in HCW infected/exposed to Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome -SARS-, Middle East Respiratory Syndrome -MERS-, Novel coronavirus -COVID-19-. Proportion random effect meta-analyses, I2 statistic, quality assessment and sensitivity analysis.
115 articles were included (n=60,458 HCW, age 36.1±7.1, 77.1% female). Physical health outcomes: 75.9% HCW infected by SARS/MERS/COVID-19 reported fever (95%CI=65.9–83.7%, k=12, n=949), 47.9% cough (95%CI=39.2–56.8%, k=14, n=970), 43.6% myalgias (95%CI=31.9–56.0%, k=13, n=898), 42.3% chills (95%CI=20.2–67.9%, k=7, n=716), 41.2% fatigue (95%CI=18.2–68.8%, k=6, n=386), 34.6% headaches (95%CI=23.1–48.2%, k=11, n=893), 31.2% dyspnoea (95%CI=23.2–40.5%, k=12, n=1003), 25.3% sore throat (95%CI=18.8–33.2%, k=8, n=747), 22.2% nausea/vomiting (95%CI=14.9–31.8%, k=6, n=662), 18.8% diarrhoea (95%CI=11.9–28.4%, k=9, n=824). Mental health outcomes: 62.5% HCW exposed to SARS/MERS/COVID-19 reported general health concerns (95%CI=57.0–67,8%, k=2, n=2254), 43.7% fear (95%CI=33.9–54.0%, k=4, n=584), 37.9% insomnia (95%CI=30.9–45.5%, k=6, n=5067), 37.8% psychological distress (95%CI=28.4–48.2%, k=15, n=24,346), 34.4% burnout (95%CI=19.3–53.5%, k=3, n=1337), 29.0% anxiety features (95%CI=14.2–50.3%, k=6, n=9191), 26.3% depressive symptoms (95%CI=12.5–47.1%, k=8, n=9893), 20.7% post-traumatic stress disorder features (95%CI=13.2–31%, k=11, n=3826), 16.1% somatisation (95%CI=0.2–96.0%, k=2, n=2184), 14.0% stigmatisation feelings (95%CI=6.4–28.1%, k=2, n=411).
Limited amount of evidence for some outcomes and suboptimal design in several studies included.
SARS/MERS/COVID-19 have a substantial impact on the physical and mental health of HCW, which should become a priority for public health strategies.
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