Remediation and restoration of the Nation's nuclear legacy of radiological and chemical contaminated areas is an ongoing and costly challenge for the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE). For large sites, ...such as the Hanford and Savannah River Sites, successful remediation involves complex decisions related to remedies, end-states, timing, and sequencing of cleanup of separate and related contaminated units within a site. Hanford Site cannot clean up every unit simultaneously due to limits in funding, personnel, and technology. This paper addresses one of the major considerations - the consequences of delaying remediation of a unit on different receptors (e.g. people, ecological, and eco-cultural resources), using the DOE Hanford Site as a case study. We develop a list of attributes that managers should consider for successful remediation, examine how delaying remediation could affect workers, the public and ecological resources (including water resources), and use some examples to illustrate potential effects of delays. The factors to consider when deciding whether and how long to delay remediation of a unit include personnel, information and data, funding, equipment, structural integrity, contaminant source, and resource vulnerability. Each of these factors affects receptors differently. Any remediation task may be dependent on other remediation projects, on the availability of transport, containers, interim storage and ultimate disposition decisions, or the availability of trained personnel. Delaying remediation may have consequences for people (e.g. workers, site neighbors), plants, animals, ecosystems, and eco-cultural resources (i.e. those cultural values that depend upon ecological resources). The risks, benefits, and uncertainties for evaluating the consequences of delaying remediation are described and discussed. Assessing the advantages and disadvantages of delaying remediation is important for health professionals, ecologists, resource trustees, regulators, Tribal members, recreationists, fishermen, hunters, conservationists, and a wide range of other stakeholders.
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•The Department of Energy has the largest remediation task in the World.•A methodology for evaluating delays in remediation was developed.•Delaying remediation has costs and benefits to human and ecological health.•Delaying remediation of deteriorating facilities increases risks of human accidents.•Delaying remediation of recovering ecosystems retards recovery.
Background
Research has previously identified a high‐risk subgroup of college students who experience high levels of multiple and repeated alcohol‐related consequences (MRC group). The purpose of ...this study was to examine the association between consequence‐specific normative influences and experiencing multiple and repeated drinking‐related consequences using a person‐centered approach. Normative subgroups were identified using latent profile analysis (LPA), which were then used to predict MRC group status at 6‐month follow‐up.
Methods
First‐year college student drinkers (N = 2,024) at a large northeastern university completed online surveys during the fall and spring semesters of their freshman year. Retention was high with 92% of invited participants completing T2, of which the MRC group accounted for 27%.
Results
Three student profiles were identified from LPA on T1 data: Nonpermissive Parents (77%), Positive Peer and Parent Norms (21%), and Permissive Parents (3%). Logistic regression revealed that both the Positive Peer and Parent Norms and Permissive Parents profiles had significantly higher odds of MRC group membership at follow‐up (1.81 and 2.78 times greater, respectively).
Conclusions
The results suggest value in prevention efforts that include normative beliefs about alcohol‐related consequences. Further, parental norms in particular have the potential to enhance interventions, especially through direct communication of disapproval for experiencing consequences.
The relationship between consequence‐specific normative influences and experiencing drinking‐related consequences was examined. Normative subgroups were identified using latent profile analysis, which were then used to predict membership in a high‐risk subgroup of college students (MRC group). Three normative profiles were identified, with differential odds of MRC group membership at follow‐up. Results suggest value in prevention efforts targeting normative beliefs about alcohol‐related consequences. Parental norms, through direct communication of disapproval for experiencing consequences, may have a particularly large impact on interventions.
Based on a thorough review of the literature we introduce an integrated conceptualization of work-life balance involving two key dimensions: engagement in work life and nonwork life and minimal ...conflict between social roles in work and nonwork life. Based on this conceptualization we review much of the evidence concerning the consequences of work-life balance in terms work-related, nonwork-related, and stress-related outcomes. We then identify a set of personal and organizational antecedents to work-life balance and explain their effects on work-life balance. Then we describe a set of theoretical mechanisms linking work-life balance and overall life satisfaction. Finally, we discuss future research directions and policy implications.
Informal employment emerges and intensifies as industrialization and urbanization increased, leading to a lack of labor support. Starting with the expansion of urbanization and the creation of the ...informal economy, it is already remarkable to examine this issue from an economic point of view. Informality is one of the most important problems in the country's economy. This issue, in addition to affecting the personal life of the worker, including various aspects such as mentality and family, has important managerial/organizational, economic and social messages, so that it might be necessary to further define this field. This research has been done in identifying unofficial negative consequences and its method is descriptive-survey. The statistical sample of the research includes experts in related fields. Theme and Delphi analysis methods were used to analyze the data. The general results of the research indicate that its messages are identified at different levels of economic, managerial, social and psychological. To better understand the results of the research, the identified messages in the network of topics are also provided.
Algorithmic decision-making - the use of computational methods that enable machines to automatically complete tasks and/or make decisions - is emerging as a critical source of competitive advantage ...for organizations. However, despite many benefits, there is an inherent dark side associated with it that can manifest issues ranging from a loss of privacy for individuals to societal power imbalance. Managers and policymakers alike need to be able to understand potentially unethical consequences that can arise from algorithmic decision-making before they can fully manifest. This article aims to support this undertaking by identifying, analysing, and explaining the challenges that can arise from algorithmic decision-making, and by contributing a seven-step roadmap to those wanting to responsibly implement and benefit from algorithms today.
Perceived social isolation during the COVID-19 pandemic significantly has had an extraordinary global impact, with significant psychological consequences. Changes in our daily lives, feeling of ...loneliness, job losses, financial difficulty, and grief over the death of loved ones have the potential to affect the mental health of many. In an atmosphere of uncertainty, it is essential that clear and precise information is offered about the problem and how to manage it. In this contribution, a rationale is provided for an urgent call for a rapid response to the mental health impacts of COVID-19. Moreover, suggestions for individuals to regulate their emotions effectively and appropriately are provided.
Child maltreatment incurs a high lifetime cost per victim and creates a substantial US population economic burden. This study aimed to use the most recent data and recommended methods to update ...previous (2008) estimates of 1) the per-victim lifetime cost, and 2) the annual US population economic burden of child maltreatment. Three ways to update the previous estimates were identified: 1) apply value per statistical life methodology to value child maltreatment mortality, 2) apply monetized quality-adjusted life years methodology to value child maltreatment morbidity, and 3) apply updated estimates of the exposed population. As with the previous estimates, the updated estimates used the societal cost perspective and lifetime horizon, but also accounted for victim and community intangible costs. Updated methods increased the estimated nonfatal child maltreatment per-victim lifetime cost from $210,012 (2010 USD) to $830,928 (2015 USD) and increased the fatal per-victim cost from $1.3 to $16.6 million. The estimated US population economic burden of child maltreatment based on 2015 substantiated incident cases (482,000 nonfatal and 1670 fatal victims) was $428 billion, representing lifetime costs incurred annually. Using estimated incidence of investigated annual incident cases (2,368,000 nonfatal and 1670 fatal victims), the estimated economic burden was $2 trillion. Accounting for victim and community intangible costs increased the estimated cost of child maltreatment considerably compared to previous estimates. The economic burden of child maltreatment is substantial and might off-set the cost of evidence-based interventions that reduce child maltreatment incidence.
Central illustration: Mechanisms involved in deleterious consequences of obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA). Intermittent hypoxia (IH) leads to sympathetic nervous system overactivity, inflammation, ...oxidative stress and endoplasmic reticulum stress. Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) seems to play a major role in OSA and IH consequences. Mitochondrial integrity could also be an interesting target to explain OSA-associated pathologies. Adapted from 61. ▪
Obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome is a growing health concern, affecting nearly one billion people worldwide; it is an independent cardiovascular risk factor, associated with incident obesity, insulin resistance, hypertension, arrhythmias, stroke, coronary artery disease and heart failure. Obstructive sleep apnoea-related cardiovascular and metabolic co-morbidities are a major concern for prognosis and the complexity of obstructive sleep apnoea integrated care. Continuous positive airway pressure, the first-line therapy for the treatment of obstructive sleep apnoea, is highly effective at improving symptoms and quality of life, but has limited effect on co-morbidities. Deciphering the molecular pathways involved in obstructive sleep apnoea metabolic and cardiovascular consequences is a priority to make new pharmacological targets available, in combination with or as an alternative to continuous positive airway pressure. Intermittent hypoxia, a landmark feature of obstructive sleep apnoea, is the key intermediary mechanism underlying metabolic and cardiovascular complications. Experimental settings allowing intermittent hypoxia exposure in cells, rodents and healthy humans have been established to dissect the molecular mechanisms of obstructive sleep apnoea-related co-morbidities. The main objective of this review is to recapitulate the molecular pathways, cells and tissue interactions contributing to the cardiometabolic consequences of intermittent hypoxia. Sympathetic activation, low-grade inflammation, oxidative stress and endoplasmic reticulum stress are triggered by intermittent hypoxia and play a role in cardiometabolic dysfunction. The key role of hypoxia-inducible factor-1 transcription factor will be detailed, as well as the underestimated and less described importance of mitochondrial functional changes in the intermittent hypoxia setting.
Le syndrome d’apnées obstructives du sommeil (SAOS) affecte un milliard de personnes dans le monde. Le SAOS est un facteur de risque indépendant de la survenue d’évènements cardiovasculaires tels que l’hypertension, les troubles du rythme et les pathologies coronariennes. Le SAOS est aussi associé à des troubles du métabolisme tels que l’obésité et l’insulino-résistance. Le traitement de référence du SAOS, la pression positive continue (PPC) est un traitement qui améliore la qualité de vie des patients mais qui a un effet limité sur les comorbidités associées au SAOS. Ainsi, la compréhension des mécanismes à l’origine des conséquences cardiovasculaires et métaboliques du SAOS est un enjeu majeur et ce, afin de proposer de nouvelles cibles thérapeutiques complémentaires ou alternatives à la PPC. Les expériences pré-cliniques ont pour objectifs d’appliquer l’hypoxie intermittente (HI) chez le sujet sain, le rongeur ou encore la cellule afin de décortiquer les mécanismes sous-jacents. À ce jour, les mécanismes induits par l’HI et reconnus comme étant contributeurs des pathologies cardiométaboliques associées au SAOS sont : l’hyper-activation sympathique, l’inflammation de bas grade, le stress oxydant ou encore le stress du réticulum endoplasmique. Dans cette revue, en interaction avec les mécanismes suscités, le rôle central du facteur de transcription induit par l’hypoxie, l’hypoxia inducible factor-1 sera abordé. Par ailleurs, l’altération potentielle structurale et/ou fonctionnelle mitochondriale sera évoquée en tant que nouvelle perspective d’exploration.
This article starts with the auction of the valid execution and in accordance with the minutes of auction of the Bekasi State Wealth and Auction Service Office (KPKNL) Number 225/2013 with the winner ...of the auction in good faith, but the auction was canceled by the court in the decision of the Bekasi State Court Number 412/Pdt.G/2015/PN.Bks on the claim of the legal owner of the collateral object against Auction applicant. The creditor filed for the execution of the dependent rights under Article 6 of the Law on Dependent Rights Number 4/1996 on the basis of default. Furthermore, the decision was appealed and then continued with cassation and finally the Review of case Number 664PK/PDT/2020 with the decision to reject the application for cassation and Judicial Review. Weaknesses in the auction rules result in the rights of auction winners not being accommodated and not protected by law. This article is interesting to researched and is the first time it has happened and has not been regulated in the Technical Guidelines of the Minister of Finance Regulation Number 213/PMK.06/2020. As a comparison, the case in Makassar State Court Number 73/Pdt.G/2023. With the method of statutory approach, cases, and theories of laws, then analyzed in the way of legal reasoning, and interpretation of laws. The results showed the legal consequences of the rights of the auction winners due to court decisions, namely experiencing material losses that must be borne by the Bekasi District Court decision. Solutions offered, updating the Vendu Reglement Ordonantie on the conduct of auctions in Indonesia; perfecting PMK Number 2013/PMK.06/2020 concerning technical guidelines legal. The purpose of the study, to examine the legal consequences of the rights of auction winners because the court decision that decided the auction has no legal force.
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