The author of Media Today offers "a trenchant, timely, and troubling account of retailers' data-mining, in-store tracking, and predictive analytics" ( The Philadelphia Inquirer ). By one expert's ...prediction, within twenty years half of Americans will have body implants that tell retailers how they feel about specific products as they browse their local stores. The notion may be outlandish, but it reflects executives' drive to understand shoppers in the aisles with the same obsessive detail that they track us online. In fact, a hidden surveillance revolution is already taking place inside brick-and-mortar stores, where Americans still do most of their buying. Drawing on his interviews with retail executives, analysis of trade publications, and experiences at insider industry meetings, advertising and digital studies expert Joseph Turow pulls back the curtain on these trends, showing how a new hyper-competitive generation of merchants—including Macy's, Target, and Walmart—is already using data mining, in-store tracking, and predictive analytics to change the way we buy, undermine our privacy, and define our reputations.Eye-opening and timely, Turow's book is essential reading to understand the future of shopping. "Turow shows shopping today to be an exercise in unwitting self-revelation—and not only online."— The Wall Street Journal "Thoroughly researched and clearly presented with detailed evidence and fascinating peeks inside the retail industry. Much of this information is startling and even chilling, particularly when Turow shows how retail data- tracking can enable discrimination and societal stratification."— Publishers Weekly "Revealing... Valuable reading for shoppers and retailers alike."— Kirkus Reviews
The purpose of this research was to examine the impact of Hofstede's culture dimensions (long-term/short term orientation, power distance index, masculinity/feminity index, uncertainty avoidance, and ...individualism/collectivism) on consumer behavior intentions (word of mouth, complaining behavior, purchase intention, price sensitivity) on two countries namely Turkey and Somalia. Primary data was collected using a questionnaire sent electronically via Google Forms to the respondents’ emails. Convenience sampling was used in the study. the sample size used here included 305 respondents–153 respondents from Somalia and the other 152 respondents from Turkey. SPSS 22 and LISREL 8.7 Packages Program was used for Statistical Analysis. As a result of the study, it was determined that Hofstede culture dimensions did not have an effect on consumer behaviour intention for the Somalia sample, while power distance and uncertainty avoidance had a positive effect on word of mouth communication and long term orientation had a positive effect on price sensitivity and complaining behavior intention for the Turkish sample.
In spite of considerable prior research on luxury branding, no widely accepted definition of “luxury brand” exists. The purpose of this paper is to review the literature in order to: a) summarize the ...state of knowledge on luxury brand marketing; and b) provide a new and usable definition of a luxury brand. A literature review was conducted with a focus on developing a more useful definition of “luxury brand,” outlining key theoretical perspectives that have been used in this area, and summarizing key research findings. Ko and Megehee's (2012) framework for understanding consumption of luxury brands is used as the guiding conceptual framework for the review. Directions for future research are provided.
Günümüzde, ürün çesitliligi ve gelisen teknoloji sayesinde tüketiciler, birbirlerinden farkli olma istegine giderek daha çok sahip olmaktadir. Bu durum, tüketicilerde benzersiz olma ihtiyacini ...tetiklemektedir. Bu çalismanin amaci, tüketicinin benzersiz olma ihtiyaci, birlikte deger olusturmada katilim davranisi ve ilgilenim kavramlari arasindaki iliskinin ortaya çikartilmasidir. Gelistirilen arastirma model ve hipotezlerin degerlendirebilmesi için nicel arastirma yöntemi benimsenmistir. Birlikte deger olusturmada katilim davranisi gerçeklestiren 450 kisiden anket araciligiyla veri toplanmistir. Arastirmada kullanilan ölçeklerin geçerliliginin ve güvenilirliginin degerlendirilebilmesi için açiklayici faktör analizi ve dogrulayici faktör analizi uygulanmistir. Arastirma hipotezlerinin test edilmesi için yapisal esitlik analizi kullanilmistir. Arastirma sonucunda tüketici benzersiz olma ihtiyacinin, ürün ilgilenimini, ürün ilgileniminin de birlikte deger olusturmada katilim davranisini olumlu yönde etkiledigi sonucuna ulasilmistir. Anahtar Kelimeler: Tüketici Benzersiz Olma Ihtiyaci, Ürün Ilgilenimi, Birlikte Deger Olusturmada Katilim Davranisi. Jel Siniflandirma Kodlari: M31 Recently, consumers increasingly desire to be unique from each other with the product diversity and developing technology. This situation triggers the consumers' need for uniqueness behaviour. The aim of this study is to reveal the relationships between consumers' need for uniqueness, participation behaviour in value co-creation and involvement. Quantitative research method has been adopted to evaluate the research model and hypothesises. The data were collected via questionnaire from 450 people who performed value co-creation behaviour. The exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were used to evaluate the validity and reliability of the scales used in the study. The structural equation analysis was used to test the research hypotheses. The results showed that the consumers' need for uniqueness positively affects product involvement and product involvement positively affects value co- creation participation behaviour. Keywords: Consumers' Need for Uniqueness, Product Involvement, Participation Behaviour in Value Co-Creation. Jel Classification Codes: M31 1. Introduction Consumers' need for uniqueness is defined as the ability to pursue differences from others by acquiring, using and disposing of consumer products in order to improve one's self-image and social image (Tian et al., 2001). The need for uniqueness creates a motivation that reflects an image of the person as a result of purchasing the products and makes the buyer feel different from others (Lynn and Snyder, 2002). Consumers who need differentiation are attracted to products and are willing to put more effort into purchasing items that are considered rare or unique from widely seen brands (Lynn and Snyder, 2002). Therefore, the need for uniqueness has a significant impact on the success of marketing strategies offered to consumers by firms and tailored to them. The concept of product involvement has been gaining popularity in the marketing field in recent years. Product involvement indicates the extent to which a person associates herself/himself with a product The concept of value co-creation has been widely adopted in the management and marketing literature (Prahalad and Ramaswamy, 2004; Payne et al., 2008; Maglio and Spohrer, 2008; Edvardsson, et al., 2011). Value co-creation has attracted the attention of researchers within the scope of marketing and especially service marketing. Yi and Gong (2013) conceptualized value co-creation as customer citizenship and customer participation in their study. Customer participation behaviour consists of information seeking, information sharing, responsible behaviour and personal interaction. In this study, the participation dimension in Yi and Gong (2013)'s value co-creation model is discussed. The aim of this study is to reveal the relationships between consumers' need for uniqueness, customer participation behaviour in value co-creation and product involvement. 2. Method In order to test the research hypotheses, the descriptive and quantitative research method was used. Data was collected by survey. The questionnaire form consists of 3 parts. In the first part, 16 questions about customer participation behaviour (Yi and Gong, 2013), and 6 questions for consumers' need for uniqueness (Franke and Schreier, 2008) and product involvement (Helmig et al., 2007). In the third part of the questionnaire, questions determining the demographic characteristics of the participants (gender, age, education, marital status, occupation, status) were included. The website 3. Results and Discussion The research hypotheses were tested using structural equation model analysis. As a result of the analysis, the values of goodness of fit were Chi-square: 747.14; SD: 202; Chi-square/SD: 3.69; RMSEA: 0.078; Normed Fit Index (NFI): 0.96; Non-Normed Fit Index (NNFI): 0.96; Comparative Fit Index (CFI): 0.97; Incremental Fit Index (IFI): 0.97; Relative Fit Index (RFI): 0.95; Goodness of Fit Index (GFI): 0.87; Adjusted Goodness of Fit Index (AGFI): 0.84 and Standardized RMR: 0.077 were acceptable. The results showed that consumers' need for uniqueness has a positive and significant effect on product involvement. The standardized coefficient values between these two variables were found to be (beta:0.74; t:14.03), and our H1 hypothesis was accepted. The standardized coefficient value in the relationship between product involvement and information seeking, which is a dimension of customer participation behaviour, was calculated as beta:0.56; t:9.96. According to these results, product involvement has a positive and significant effect on information seeking. In this context, our H2 hypothesis was accepted. The result indicated that there was a positive and significant relationship between product involvement and knowledge sharing, so H3 hypothesis was accepted. The standardized coefficient value between product involvement and information sharing was found (beta:0.15; t:3.08). Product involvement has a significant positive effect on responsible behaviour and our H4 hypothesis was accepted. The standardized coefficient value between these two variables was found to be (beta:0.36; t:7.23). Product involvement has a significant positive effect on personal interaction and our H5 hypothesis was accepted. The standardized coefficient value between product involvement and personal interaction was calculated as beta:0.48; t:9.33. 4. Conclusion This study revealed that consumers' need for uniqueness has a significant effect on product involvement. Also product involvement has positive effects on each sub-dimension (responsible behaviour, information seeking, information sharing and personal interaction) of customer participation behaviour which is dimension of customer value co-creation behaviour. Consumers with a high need for uniqueness want to be different from other customers. Therefore, consumers seek products that meet their needs and then product involvement occurs. Consumers with high product involvement are more likely to search for the necessary information, share the necessary information with employees, and take full responsibility for the processes related to the product like an employee. Therefore, consumers are willing to participate in value co-creation.
Consumer subversion refers to consumer acts that are intended to impede the ability of marketers to develop and implement a marketing strategy, including market segmentation, target marketing, and ...the formulation of a marketing mix. Consumer subversion has featured across many bodies of marketing literature, yet it has not been explicitly defined and studied. This paper identifies and organizes examples of consumer subversion from marketing literature. It delineates how consumer subversion is related to, yet different from, related terms, such as anti‐consumption, consumer revenge and retaliation, dysfunctional and deviant consumer behavior, and consumer movements. Consumer subversion can be proactive or reactive, and can be targeted at specific firms or towards the marketing function in general. Such acts range from individual exit or using ad blockers to extreme hostility via revenge or sabotage. This study derives a classification of consumer subverters, discusses the psychological “need to win” linked to consumer subversion, and presents a research agenda organized around consumers who subvert, firms that are subverted, and antecedents and consequences of subversion.
Diverse forms of environmental problems pose a serious threat to the natural environment. Environmental sustainability is the foremost topic in the contemporary tourism and hospitality industry. ...Environmentally-sustainable consumer behavior is an important aspect of environmental protection, which eventually benefits the society. In order to better understand environmentally-sustainable consumption and promote environmentally responsible consumer behavior, this research provides a sound conceptualization of environmentally-sustainable consumer behavior, and presents a systematic review and perspective on theories (theory of reasoned action, norm activation theory, theory of planned behavior, model of goal-directed behavior, and value-belief-norm theory) established in tourism and environmental psychology. In addition, this study introduces the essential drivers of environmentally-sustainable consumer behavior (green image, pro-environmental behavior in everyday life, environmental knowledge, green product attachment, descriptive social norm, anticipated pride and guilt, environmental corporate social responsibility, perceived effectiveness, connectedness to nature, and green value). Lastly, this paper provides the values of the latest studies on the special issue of environmental sustainability and consumer behavior in tourism and hospitality. This study as an introductory paper along with other articles in this special section help enable a collaboration platform across tourism and hospitality fields in pursuit of universal goals for promoting pro-environmental consumption and environmental sustainability.
Research reflects the importance of understanding the motivational variables of ethical consumer behavior. However, existing research has been limited to more narrowly construed factors that show an ...obvious link with ethics. Currently, empirical work on motivational factors relevant to orientations working across context is scarce. To address this gap, this project investigated ethical consumption from the perspective of person orientation (PO) and thing orientation (TO), both of which presumably motivate individual differences. For this purpose, three main studies were conducted by using correlational and experimental approaches to assess the relationships among PO, TO, and ethical consumer behavior. Across the three studies, the current research provides strong evidence for PO as a key driver of ethical consumption behavior. In contrast, the role of TO was inconsistent. Moderating effects of gender were also somewhat apparent. The findings suggest that individual orientations are important motivational variables for better understanding ethical consumers and that future researchers should further investigate PO/TO in this context.
Digital transformation led to the proliferation of new forms of exchange. This study aims, firstly, to put forward a parsimonious conceptualization for sharing economy (SE) and collaborative ...consumption (CC), concepts used interchangeably in literature and practice; secondly, to understand why consumers participate in each and whether they have significantly different drivers. We applied structural equation modeling to test our conceptual model with 400 participants. A market research company collected the data in Brazil. The convenience sample included respondents who had used one of the services at least once. Results show that SE is explained mostly by intrinsic reasons, while CC is driven by the extrinsic factor economics and the intrinsic reason enjoyment. Economic motivations are significantly stronger in CC than in SE, while convenience and environmental orientation are predominant in SE. The study advances knowledge in the field, making important managerial contributions revealing consumers’ priorities in each mode of exchange.
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