Georg Forster Goldstein, Jürgen
2019, 2019-03-27
eBook
"Marvelous... Wonderfully imaginative... Sparkling."— Wall Street Journal "Stunning... Read this book: in equal measure it will give you hope and trouble your dreams."—Laura Dassow Walls, author of ...Henry David Thoreau: A Life and Passage to Cosmos: Alexander von Humboldt's Shaping of America Georg Forster (1754–94) was in many ways self-taught and rarely had two cents to rub together, but he became one of the most dynamic figures of the Enlightenment: a brilliant writer, naturalist, explorer, illustrator, translator—and a revolutionary. Granted the extraordinary opportunity to sail around the world as part of Captain James Cook's fabled crew, Forster touched icebergs, walked the beaches of Tahiti, visited far-flung foreign nations, lived with purported cannibals, and crossed oceans and the equator. Forster recounted the journey in his 1777 book A Voyage Round the World, a work of travel and science that not only established Forster as one of the most accomplished stylists of the time—and led some to credit him as the inventor of the literary travel narrative—but also influenced other German trailblazers of scientific and literary writing, most notably Alexander von Humboldt. A superb essayist, Forster made lasting contributions to our scientific—and especially botanical and ornithological—knowledge of the South Seas.Having witnessed more egalitarian societies in the southern hemisphere, Forster returned after more than three years at sea to a monarchist Europe entering the era of revolution. When, following the French Revolution of 1789, French forces occupied the German city of Mainz, Forster became a leading political actor in the founding of the Republic of Mainz—the first democratic state on German soil.In an age of Kantian reason, Forster privileged experience. He claimed a deep connection between nature and reason, nature and politics, nature and revolution. His politics was radical in its understanding of revolution as a natural phenomenon, and in this often overlooked way his many facets—as voyager, naturalist, and revolutionary—were intertwined.Yet, in the constellation of the Enlightenment's trailblazing naturalists, scientists, political thinkers, and writers, Forster's star remains relatively dim today: the Republic of Mainz was crushed, and Forster died in exile in Paris. This book is the source of illumination that Forster's journey so greatly deserves. Tracing the arc of this unheralded polymath's short life, Georg Forster explores both his contributions to literature and science and the enduring relationship between nature and politics that threaded through his extraordinary four decades.
A compelling history of the German ethnologists who were inspired by Prussian polymath and explorer Alexander von Humboldt The Berlin Ethnological Museum is one of the world's largest and most ...important anthropological museums, housing more than a half million objects collected from around the globe. In Humboldt's Shadow tells the story of the German scientists and adventurers who, inspired by Alexander von Humboldt's inclusive vision of the world, traveled the earth in pursuit of a total history of humanity. It also details the fate of their museum, which they hoped would be a scientists' workshop, a place where a unitary history of humanity might emerge.H. Glenn Penny shows how these early German ethnologists assembled vast ethnographic collections to facilitate their study of the multiplicity of humanity, not to confirm emerging racist theories of human difference. He traces how Adolf Bastian filled the Berlin museum in an effort to preserve the records of human diversity, yet how he and his supporters were swept up by the imperialist currents of the day and struck a series of Faustian bargains to ensure the growth of their collections. Penny describes how influential administrators such as Wilhelm von Bode demanded that the museum be transformed into a hall for public displays, and how Humboldt's inspiring ideals were ultimately betrayed by politics and personal ambition. In Humboldt's Shadow calls on museums to embrace anew Bastian's vision while deepening their engagement with indigenous peoples concerning the provenance and stewardship of these collections.
Fieldwork in South Asia is a valuable attempt to listen and learn from the memories and significant moments of fieldwork done by anthropologists, sociologists, and even historians from South Asia. ...The essays lead towards a deeper understanding of concerns of fieldwork located in various field sites across South Asia without assuming or applying fixed normative rules for the whole region. In the process, the volume allows the reader to have an option to locate or relocate ethnographic or other forms of texts in the context of growing methodological contours and dilemmas in the social science.Above all, this is a book about relationships—multi-layered relationships among people encountered in the field, the ethnographic relationship itself, with all its personal raw edges, and relationship with the land and even non-human realms.
Fieldwork Connections tells the story of the intertwined research histories of three anthropologists working in Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture, Sichuan, China in the late twentieth century. ...Chapters are written alternately by a male American anthropologist, a male researcher raised in a village in Liangshan, and a highly educated woman from an elite Nuosu/Chinese family. As decades of mutual ethnographic research unfold, the authors enter one another's narratives and challenge the reader to ponder the nature of ethnographic truth.
The book begins with short accounts of the process by which each of the authors became involved in anthropological field research. It then proceeds to describe the research itself, and the stories begin to connect as they become active collaborators. The scene shifts in the course of the narrative from China to America, and the relationship between the authors shifts from distant, wary, and somewhat hierarchical to close, egalitarian, and reciprocal.
The authors share their histories through personal stories, not technical analyses; their aim is to entertain while addressing the process of ethnography and the dynamics of international and intercultural communication.
L'ethnologue jésuite Germain Lemieux (1914-2008) refait le chemin qui l'a mené de sa Gaspésie natale, contrée maritime, au pays des mines de Sudbury. À travers son témoignage, recueilli par ...l'auteur pour la radio en 1995 et livré sur le ton de la confidence, l'octogénaire soupèse les aléas d'une carrière entreprise un demi-siècle plus tôt. Il balise son récit d'éléments inédits, notamment sur ses origines et sa formation, qui éclairent les dessous de l'oeuvre et révèlent les traits de sa personnalité. Volontaire, il a su tracer sa voie et développer une expertise originale en dépit de moyens limités et des contraintes de son état. Ce document à l'allure intime constitue une source féconde, autant pour la compréhension de l'Ontario français et de son histoire au XX e siècle que pour l'institution du patrimoine oral que l'ethnologie a incarnée presque seul avant les années 1980. En faisant le bilan de son activité incomparable, Germain Lemieux y mêle un peu de son testament intellectuel.
INTRODUCTION: This article highlights the importance of ethnographic observations of human-animal bonds (HAB) to inform social work practice and applied social research. It explores the relationship ...between the author and Bruno, a rescue dog, through conventional ideas on attachment theory, connectedness and containment.
METHODS: These perspectives are applied to the author's experiences of undertaking a PhD on the protective factors that promote LGBTI+ youth wellbeing. This emphasises reflexivity as an integral component of practitioner research, with the potential to explore the complexities and subjectivities of our emotional lives.
FINDINGS: Through recognition of the dynamics of attachment, our roles as companion-carers prompt help-seeking to ensure reflective practice and effective caregiving. Our relationships with companion-animals resonate with the process of undertaking a PhD, through prioritising self-care and seeking work-life balance. These ideas are also relevant for collaborative studies underpinned by an iterative research process, described by a Consulting, Conducting, Collaborating and Checking cycle.
CONCLUSION: The article concludes with an appeal to social work practitioners and practitioner researchers to discover ways in which concepts of HAB, and our interconnectedness with all living beings, can be applied to policy, practice and research with those whom we work with, their families and within our broader communities.
Dorothea Bleek (1873–1948) devoted her life to completing the ‘bushman researches’ that her father and aunt had begun in the closing decades of the nineteenth century. This research was partly a ...labour of familial loyalty to Wilhelm, the acclaimed linguist and language scholar of nineteenth-century Germany and later of the Cape Colony, and to Lucy Lloyd, a self-taught linguist and scholar of bushman languages and folklore; but it was also an expression of Dorothea’s commitment to a particular kind of scholarship and an intellectual milieu that saw her spending her entire adult life in the study of the people she called‘bushmen’.
How has history treated Dorothea Bleek? Has she been recognised as a scholar in her own right, or as someone who merely followed in the footsteps of her famous father and aunt? Was she an adventurer, a woman who travelled across southern Africa driven by intellectual curiosity to learn all she could about the bushmen? Or was she conservative, a researcher who belittled the people she studied and dismissed them as lazy and improvident?
These are some of the questions with which Jill Weintroub starts her thoughtful biography of Dorothea Bleek. The book examines Dorothea Bleek’s life story and family legacy, her rock art research and her fieldwork in southern Africa, and, in light of these, evaluates her scholarship and contribution to the history of ideas in South Africa. The compelling and surprising narrative reveals an intellectual inheritance intertwined with the story of a woman’s life, and argues that Dorothea’s life work – her study of the bushmen – was also a sometimes surprising emotional quest.
The article analyzes the historical preconditions for the formation of the West Podillya region on the basis of ancient sources and modern literature. The historical and political factors that ...influenced ethno-regional consciousness of the population residing in the region, especially in the border areas, are outlined as being the reinforcing factor for ethnic self-preservation and identity. Due to the analysis of the ancient chronicles, as well as the works of well-known ethnologists, the ethnographic term ,,Podillya” was defined as well as its origin, etymology and peculiarities of interpretation. There are three parallel interpretations of the term ,,Podillya” giving geographical, administrative and ethnographic views in scientific discourse. The most legitimate in this case is geographic interpretation, because it is devoid of political background and regulated by historiography. The article postulates that an important factor in identifying the characteristic features of the West-Podillya region is the peculiarities in certain customs and rituals, their terminological specifics, regional consciousness, being almost completely lost in the region under study, although in the late XIXth and early XXth centuries they were inherent to many inhabitants of Podillya, as well as a number of other specific features that give grounds for a specific regionalism and localization of the territory.
Ancient Greek ethnographies-descriptions of other peoples-provide unique resources for understanding ancient environmental thought and assumptions, as well as anxieties, about how humans relate to ...nature as a whole. InOther Natures, Clara Bosak-Schroeder examines the works of seminal authors such as Herodotus and Diodorus Siculus to persuasively demonstrate how non-Greek communities affected and were in turn deeply affected by their local animals, plants, climate, and landscape. She shows that these authors used ethnographies of non-Greek peoples to explore, question, and challenge how Greeks ate, procreated, nurtured, collaborated, accumulated, and consumed. In recuperating this important strain of ancient thought, Bosak-Schroeder makes it newly relevant to vital questions and ideas being posed in the environmental humanities today, arguing that human life and well-being are inextricable from the life and well-being of the nonhuman world. By turning to such ancient ethnographies, we can uncover important models for confronting environmental crisis.
