Substantial research examines the cognitive factors underlying proenviron-mental message effectiveness. In contrast, this study investigates the role of emotion, fear and hope specifically, in the ...gain/loss framing of environmental policy initiatives. The 2 (threat vs. no threat) × 2 (gain- vs. loss-framed efficacy) experiment revealed emotion, especially hope, as a key mediator between gain-framed messages and desired climate change policy attitudes and advocacy. Results further supported the value of sequencing emotional experiences to enhance persuasive effect. This research offers an inaugural test of emotional flow theorizing and highlights the need for additional research on emotional processes in environmental communication.
How to account for goodwill arising from business combinations has proven to be one the most controversial topics for the standardisation, preparation, and audit of financial reports. Given its ...contested nature, and recent debates about improper goodwill accounting by failing companies, standard setters are currently reconsidering existing recognition, measurement, and disclosure requirements. In this study, we explore the views of a relatively neglected group of stakeholders in the financial reporting policy-making arena – financial statement users. We draw on empirical evidence from interviews with financial analysts and from responses by analysts to IASB and EFRAG consultations. We mobilise framing theory as used in public policy studies to analyse how users make sense of goodwill accounting information as compared to standard setters. Our key finding is the plurality of colliding frames between users and standard setters that remain intractable. Our analysis reveals that users’ interest in management’s accountability on acquisitions cannot fit easily into the financial reporting frame. Not only are claims by standard setters about the value relevance of goodwill impairments found not to be experienced in practice, but also we discover that users question the benefits of standard setters working in this area, while they take recourse to ‘street numbers’ for their analysis. We interpret the intractability we discover as putting into question public policy claims that accounting policies are developed with a commitment to serve the public interest.
Recent discoveries in behavioral economics have led to important new insights concerning what can happen in markets. Such gains in knowledge have come primarily via laboratory experiments-a missing ...piece of the puzzle in many cases is parallel evidence drawn from naturally occurring field counterparts. We provide a small movement in this direction by taking advantage of a unique opportunity to work with a Chinese high-tech manufacturing facility. Our study revolves around using insights gained from one of the most influential lines of behavioral research-framing manipulations-in an attempt to increase worker productivity in the facility. Using a natural field experiment, we report several insights. For example, conditional incentives framed as both "losses" and "gains" increase productivity for both individuals and teams. In addition, teams more acutely respond to bonuses posed as losses than as comparable bonuses posed as gains. The magnitude of this framing effect is roughly 1%: that is, total team productivity is enhanced by 1% purely due to the framing manipulation. Importantly, we find that neither the framing nor the incentive effect lose their significance over time; rather, the effects are observed over the entire sample period. Moreover, we learn that repeated interaction with workers and conditionality of the bonus contract are substitutes for sustenance of incentive effects in the long run.
This paper was accepted by Gérard P. Cachon, decision analysis.
From Policy “Frames” to “Framing” van Hulst, Merlijn; Yanow, Dvora
American review of public administration,
01/2016, Volume:
46, Issue:
1
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
The concept of frames or framing, especially cast as “frame analysis,” has an established history in public policy. Taking off from the work of Donald Schön and Martin Rein, we develop the idea of ...policy analytic framing, the more dynamic of the two terms, in ways that strengthen what we see as its promise for a more process-oriented and politically sensitive understanding of the activities it is used to characterize. We argue that such an approach needs to engage the following aspects of the work that framing does: sense-making; selecting, naming, and categorizing; and storytelling. In addition, frame theorizing needs to engage not only the way issues are framed but also the intertwining of framing and frame-makers’ identities, and the meta-communicative framing of policy processes.
Personally Relevant Climate Change Scannell, Leila; Gifford, Robert
Environment and behavior,
01/2013, Volume:
45, Issue:
1
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
To help mitigate the negative effects of climate change, citizens’ attitudes and behaviors must be better understood. However, little is known about which factors predict engagement with climate ...change, and which messaging strategies are most effective. A community sample of 324 residents from three regions in British Columbia read information either about a climate change impact relevant to their local area, a more global one, or, in a control condition, no message. Participants indicated the extent of their climate change engagement, the strength of their attachment to their local area, and demographic information. Three significant unique predictors of climate change engagement emerged: place attachment, receiving the local message, and gender (female). These results provide empirical support for some previously proposed barriers to climate action and suggest guidelines for effective climate change communication.
•A microchannel plate (MCP) gated x-ray framing camera with three-strip is reported.•The temporal resolution is measured by using a fiber bunch, and it is about 68 ps.•The gain uniformity of the ...cathode is measured by using a laser pulse with width of 6.5 ns, and 3.2 ns flat-top.•There is a 3.6× drop in gain along the pulse propagation direction.•The variations in the gain transverse to the pulse propagation direction are within 10%.
A microchannel plate (MCP) gated x-ray framing camera with three-strip is reported. The diameter of the MCP is 56 mm and the width of each microstrip line cathode deposited on the MCP is 8 mm. While the microstrip line cathode is driven by a gating electrical pulse with width of 200 ps and amplitude of −1.9 kV overlapped with a −200 V DC bias, the measured temporal resolution is about 68 ps. Furthermore, the gain uniformity of the microstrip line cathode is measured showing that there is a 3.6× drop in gain along the pulse propagation direction, whereas the variations in the gain transverse to the pulse propagation direction are within 10%.
Relative to younger adults, older adults have a preference and memory advantage for appeals framed to focus on emotion goals (e.g., loving or caring) or positive outcomes (e.g., benefits of health ...behaviors). Here we examined whether combining goal (emotion vs. future) and valence framing (positive vs. negative) could optimize older adults' appraisal and memory for health appeals. Sixty younger (ages 18-29) and 60 older (ages 64-87) adults viewed, rated and recalled one of the four versions of a health pamphlet, each with a unique combination of goal and valence framing. The results showed a memory advantage for pamphlets focusing on emotion over future goals in both age groups. Older adults also showed a more favorable appraisal and a weak memory advantage for the positively- and emotion-framed pamphlet, relative to younger adults. Thus combining goal and valence framing could optimize the effectiveness of older adults' health appeal communication..
Coffee leaf diseases are a collection of fungi and bacteria that attack coffee leaves, wreaking havoc on yields and putting producers in a tough financial bind. Traditional methods for leaf disease ...diagnosis often rely on manual observation, which is subjective, laborious, and prone to human error. Moreover, the dependence on chemical treatments to regulate diseases raises troubles about environmental sustainability and the long-term viability of coffee farming. In this study, a novel Dual-Path Visual Transformer is presented to perform real-time diagnosis of coffee leaves via collaboration between lesion segmentation path and classification path (disease and severity). A new visual transformer block, named COFFORMER, is introduced to replace the attention mechanism with an embarrassingly simple multiscale convolutional pooling operator to perform essential token mixing. The COFFORMER blocks are used to build the segmentation path in the form of U-shaped architecture and used to build the feature extraction modules in the classification path. A coffee lesion attention (CAL) is introduced to empower the classification subnetwork to focus on lesion areas received from intermediary segmentation maps. The experimental findings on public coffee leaf datasets demonstrated that the integration of visual learning in coffee farming not only boosts disease detection performance but also improves productivity, economic viability, and long-term sustainability. Our findings contribute to the agricultural community by granting a transformative solution that can be expanded to other crops, fostering global food security and sustainable farming practices.
PDF
