A model of analogue K-winners-take-all (KWTA) neural circuit which can identify the K largest from N unknown wide range inputs, where 1≤K<N, is presented and analysed. The model is described by one ...state equation with discontinuous right-hand side and output equation. An existence and uniqueness, stability and convergence to the KWTA operation of the model states are analysed. A corresponding functional block diagram of the circuit is presented as N feedforward and one feedback hard-limiting neurons, which is used to determine the dynamic shift of inputs. The model combines such properties as high accuracy and convergence speed, low computational and hardware implementation complexity, and independency on initial states.
The adsorption of mixed micelles of poly(4-(2-amino hydrochloride-ethylthio)-butylene)-block-poly(ethylene oxide), PAETB49-b-PEO212 and poly(4-(2-sodium ...carboxylate-ethylthio)-butylene)-block-poly(ethylene oxide), PCETB47-b-PEO212 on solid/liquid interfaces has been studied with light, X-ray, and neutron reflectometry. The structure of the adsorbed layer can be described with a two-layer model consisting of an inner layer formed by the coacervate of the polyelectrolyte blocks PAETB49 and PCETB47 (∼1 nm) and an outer layer of PEO212 blocks (∼6 nm). The micelles unfold upon adsorption forming a rather homogeneous flat layer that exposes its polyethylene oxide chains into the solution, thus rendering the surface antifouling after modification with the micelles.
This article is focused to the problems of the metallurgical production process intensification. The aim is the explaining of simulation model which presents metallurgical production management ...system adequated to new requirements. The knowledge of a dynamic behavior and features of metallurgical production system and its management are needed to this model creation. Characteristics which determine the dynamics of metallurgical production process are characterized. Simulation model is structured as functional blocks and their linkages with regard to organizational and temporal hierarchy of their actions. The creation of presented simulation model is based on theoretical findings of regulation, hierarchical systems and optimization.
Abstract Study Objective To evaluate two low-dose volumes (20 mL or 30 mL) of 1.5% mepivacaine solution used for ultrasound-guided axillary blockade for outpatients undergoing distal upper limb ...surgery. Design Prospective, double-blinded randomized study. Setting Outpatient surgical setting of a university-affiliated hospital. Patients 64 adult, ASA physical status 1, 2, and 3 patients, aged 28-46 years, scheduled for upper limb surgery. Interventions Patients were randomized to two groups to receive either 20 mL of 1.5% mepivacaine solution (n=31) or 30 mL of 1.5% mepivacaine solution (n=33) for ultrasound-guided axillary plexus blockade. Measurements Block duration, proportion of surgical and functional successful blocks, onset of sensory and motor blockade measured from 0 to 30 minutes following final needle extraction, total amount of preoperative sedative (midazolam), and intraoperative propofol administered were recorded. Main Results Following axillary plexus blockade, neither patient group showed any statistically significant difference in the percentage of functionally successful blockade (30 mL, 100%: 20 mL, 97%; P = 0.48), surgically successful blockade (30 mL, 100%; 20 mL, 94%; P = 0.23), cumulative sensory or motor blockade surgical time, block performance time, preoperative midazolam use, or intraoperative propofol use. Conclusion Low volumes (30 mL or 20 mL) of 1.5% mepivacaine provides satisfactory anesthesia for ambulatory distal upper limb surgery with no significant difference in clinical outcomes.
Slipper system implementation as a means of filtering unwanted transitions in digital input signals to automation systems is usually accomplished by algorithms that make it an integral part of the ...body control logic. Regardless of the type of sensor used, mechanical, magnetic, capacitive, etc.., The bounce is always present and at higher levels according to the type of application. If you want to control access on a site which you enter through a door, the sensor is subjected to a variety of situations to keep in mind, includingopening and closing of door rebounds, rebounds per occurrence of vibrations in the being open or closed door that do not involve a change of state and openings or closings without the presence ofrebounds. As the solution gets used debouncing include counters and time delays as a means of filtering, but these media are an obstacle to the detection of transitions that occur without the presence ofrebounds. In this article, a comprehensive solution to filtering bounces to have present rapid detection when changes are made by state or solid clean transitions and subject to filtering.
The purpose of this paper is to generally present possibilities of the current conveyor use in the well-known active electronic circuits. Current conveyors are able to substitute all known active ...elements. This claim is supported by the fact, that four basic functional block structures can be realized by use of current conveyors - voltage-controlled voltage source, voltage-controlled current source, current-controlled current source and current-controlled voltage source. The paper presents particular example of use of functional block structure with current conveyors in Wien bridge oscillator, where it successfully substitutes operational amplifier on the place of active element. Both theoretical formulae and design description are given. Finally, OrCAD PSpice simulation results are presented.
This paper present a new method to automatically synthesize operational amplifiers. The topology synthesis is based on a functional block modeling. Every op-amp consists of hierarchical functional ...blocks whose behaviors are describable with analytical equations. Synthesizing the topologies based on functional blocks allows to use the sizing of the topologies during the synthesis process to lessen the number of topologies created not fulfilling the specifications. This makes this method different to previous methods and reduces the time needed to find a large variety of topologies fulfilling a given set of specifications. The paper presents the first prototype of the method.
A flexible Future Internet Architecture based on functional blocks will allow the use of different mechanisms to fulfill emerging communication requirements. With this freedom of choice, we can make ...use of application requirements and system constraints to choose the best Protocol Graph. Each available block impacts the quality of the Protocol Graph. How then can the given requirements and constraints be used to determine which block to use? In this paper we present a simulation model to evaluate the impact of network communication services to decide if a block or a set of blocks composed into a protocol graph is able to fulfill the given application requirements and system constraints. The results gained by simulating our presented model show that it is possible to select an appropriate mechanism by matching the application requirements with given offers.
The increasing dynamism, complexity and challenges of networks and services cannot be handled by traditional management schemes. The alternative is the approach of autonomic network and service ...management. In this context, the UniverSelf research project proposes a promising solution, called Unified Management Framework (UMF) with the goal to unify and establish autonomics in the management of networks and services. UMF provides the processes, tools and methods for achieving unification of diverse autonomic solutions, governance of automatically managed infrastructures and services, and "plug and play" of autonomic solutions within existing and future management ecosystems. Despite the soundness of UMF vision from the research point of view, careful and well planned roadmap towards standardization is required in order to boost its deployability and operator adoption. Accordingly, this paper first describes the approach followed for the design of UMF and the set of functional blocks derived as an outcome of this approach. Based on the elaboration and evolution of these functional blocks, the focus is then placed on three components namely, governance, knowledge, coordination, which comprise the so called UMF core and will monopolize the effort towards deriving the upcoming releases of UMF. The standardization opportunities of UMF can be actually indentified while looking into these components and their associated interfaces.
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