•In situ synthesis of Ag NP-adorned guar gum functionalized Fe3O4 nanocomposite.•FE-SEM, TEM, EDS-elemental mapping, XRD, and ICP techniques used to assess the structural and physicochemical ...characteristics.•In the catalytic application the 4-nitrophenol (4-NP) was reduced over the Fe3O4@guar gum/Ag NPs as a nanocatalyst.•catalyst sustainability was assessed by its recyclable properties in seven further without significant degradation activity.•MTT assay used to evaluate bio-application of the nanocomposite for in vitro anticancer investigation againstAN3-CAendometrial cell lines.
In situ synthesis of Ag nanoparticle-adorned guar gum functionalized Fe3O4 nanocomposite (Fe3O4@guar gum/Agnanocomposite) and its subsequent catalytic and biological uses are described in this research along with a sustainable approach for the process. FE-SEM, TEM, EDS-elemental mapping, XRD, and ICP were among the analytical techniques used to assess the structural and physicochemical characteristics of this unique material. In the catalytic application the reduction of 4-nitrophenol (4-NP) was carried out using freshly generated Fe3O4@guar gum/Ag NPs as a nanocatalyst. To monitor the reduction process, a UV–Vis spectrophotometer was utilized. We evaluated this catalyst's sustainability using its recyclable properties in seven further cycles and the findings indicated a consistent and significant degradation activity.Additionally, the MTT assay wasused to expand the bio-application of the nanocomposite for in vitro anticancer investigation againstAN3-CAendometrial cell lines. In presence of the material, the malignant endometrial cell line's cell survival decreased in a dose-dependent manner. The nanocomposite was shown to have IC50 values of 87 μg/mL when it cameto the AN3-CA cell line. Given the remarkable outcomes the created nanocomposite demonstrated, cancer management might look very promising in the near future.
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Using guar gum (GG) as the raw material and borax (B) as the cross-linker, zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8) was in-situ loaded into the 3D network of GG hydrogel, forming a highly efficient ...catalytic material GG-B-ZIF-8 combined with a subsequent low-temperature calcination process. In GG-B-ZIF-8 activated peroxymonosulfate (PMS) system, binary norfloxacin (NOR) and ciprofloxacin (CIP) could be removed simultaneously, with the degradation efficiency of >99.9% within 1 h. This system was adaptable to a wide pH range of 3.0–9.0, and was also highly resistant to 5–20 mM Cl− and 10–40 mg/L humic acid. The degradation process was dominated by free radical O2•-, non-radical 1O2 and electron transfer, with eleven degradation products identified for NOR and nine for CIP via eight possible degradation pathways. Finally, the potential eco-toxicity of NOR, CIP and degradation intermediates was evaluated using the ECOSAR method.
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•Guar gum hydrogel was used as 3D confined network for B and N in-situ co-doping.•Low-temperature calcination at 200 °C was the best for forming stable GG-B-ZIF-8.•Binary NOR and CIP were investigated for their simultaneous degradation.•Degradation efficiency >99.99% was achieved within 1 h at ambient conditions.•A synergistic promoting degradation effect occurred between binary NOR and CIP.
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•Two oppositely charged guar gums to make polyelectrolyte galactomannan hydrogels.•They showed highly tunable swelling behavior as response to pH/salt ions.•Polyelectrolyte ...galactomannan hydrogels with chemical and physical crosslinking.•Exhibited excellent adsorption capacities (1454 mg /g for CR) and high selectively.•Exhibited good anti-interference capability and regeneration efficiency.
Three novel polyelectrolyte galactomannan hydrogels (PGHs) were fabricated by chemically crosslinking quaternary ammonium galactomannan (QAG) and carboxymethyl galactomannan (CMG), and employed for the removal of Congo Red (CR) and Methylene Blue (MB). Physicochemical characterization revealed that the PGHs are chemically and physically crosslinked. The PGHs are pH- and ion-sensitive, and their physical crosslinking can be destroyed by artificial urine; water swelling capacity (100.6–321.9 g/g dry gel) and artificial urine swelling capacity (35.9–80.5 g/g dry gel). The adsorption of CR and MB was studied and found to be pH-dependent and selective. The maximum adsorption capacities of CR and MB on the QAG and CMG gels are 1441 and 94.52 mg/g, respectively, and their adsorption kinetics and isotherm behavior obey the pseudo-second-order kinetics model and Langmuir isotherm model, respectively. The adsorption mechanism is dominated by electrostatic interactions and hydrogen bonding. Further, the PGHs have excellent salt resistance and are reusable.
Biocomposite-based hydrogels have engrossed snowballing devotion due to their hydrophilic, biodegradability, and biocompatibility properties. 3D printing of biocomposite-based hydrogels has emerged ...in numerous fields, such as pharmaceutical, biomedical, and food engineering, as it involves fabricating complex and customized geometrical components. The present works focus on developing new 3D printable biocomposite hydrogels using gelatin, polyvinyl alcohol, guar gum, and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HMC). Hydroxyapatite (HAp) and SiO2 nanoparticles are used as supplemental materials to tailor the properties of hydrogels. The composition has been optimized for enhanced printability through rheological characterization. The developed hydrogel, chemically cross-linked with glyoxal, has been assessed for its static and dynamic mechanical properties, swelling, thermal stability, and degradation characteristics. By incorporating supplements such as HAp, HMC, and SiO2 into the gelatin/polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/guar gum hydrogel, a compressive and tensile strength of 4.64 MPa, and 71.76 kPa was achieved with better recovery efficiency under cyclic compression and tensile tests. The highest storage modulus of 0.6 MPa at 100 Hz was noticed. A sorbing capacity of 208.98 % was perceived in 70 h. The hydrogel demonstrated quick creep recovery and stress relaxation properties with faster degradation behavior than the PVA hydrogel. Based on the outcomes attained in the present study, it is inferred that the reported biocomposite hydrogels are promising materials for pharmaceutical and biomedical applications.
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•3D printable biocomposite hydrogel developed for fabricating customized geometrical components.•Enhanced mechanical properties were noticed by incorporating HAp, HMC, and SiO2 into the gelatine/PVA/guar gum hydrogel.•Hydrogels exhibited better recovery efficiency during cyclic compression and tensile loading.•The fast creep recovery and stress relaxation properties were noticed for the developed hydrogel.•Sorbing capacity, degradation behavior, and thermal stability were found to be better with the addition of nanoparticles.
Biobased materials are expanding dramatically in various industrial applications due to their unique intrinsic properties. In this study, various chemical functionalization procedures were used to ...synthesize guar gum, a naturally occurring polysaccharide-based polyurea, and its iodine complexes. Firstly, guar gum was subjected to tosylation reaction using p-toluene sulphonyl chloride to introduce tosyl moieties in the polymer chain with the degree of substitution (DS) ranging between 0.16 and 1.54. Sample having the highest degree of tosyl moiety was further reacted with tris(2-aminoethyl) amine to produce 6-deoxy-6-tris(2-aminoethyl) amine derivative via nucleophilic substitution reaction to impart amino functional groups. The degree of substitution in 6-deoxy-6-tris(2-aminoethyl) amine derivative was found to be 0.59. 6-deoxy-6-tris(2-aminoethyl) amine derivative was reacted with different diisocyanates (Toluene-2,4-diisocyanate (TDI), 1,6-diisocyanatohexane (HMDI)) to produce guar gum based polyurea. Iodine complexes of the resulting polyurea were prepared by reacting with different iodinating agents. Different chemical reactions, formation of polyurea and its iodine complexes were thoroughly analyzed by different analytical techniques such as FT-IR, NMR, elemental analysis, XRD, UV–Vis spectroscopy, and a reaction scheme has been proposed. Morphological and rheological characteristics were analyzed by SEM and viscosity measurement. Thermal analysis was carried out by TGA and DSC studies. Finally, by examining the complex's UV–Vis spectra, the iodine release characteristics from polyurea‑iodine complexes were investigated.
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Guar gum (GG) as a polymer biopolymer is widely used in the field of bio-based packaging. However, its poor mechanical properties, barrier properties and high viscosity greatly hinder its use as an ...effective packaging material. Therefore, this study introduced CPTES to improve the mechanical (16.58–27.39 MPa) and tensile properties (26.80 %–30.67 %). The FTIR and XRD results indicated a strong interaction between the biofilm fractions modified by CPTES, CPTES bound to the hydroxyl groups on GG and formed a dense polysiloxane network through adsorption and grafting. OM and AFM reflect a denser and flatter film structure on the surface of the G30 film, which has the best film formation. Based on this, the pH of the solution was further adjusted to reach an alkaline environment, disrupting the intermolecular binding through electrostatic repulsion. The rheological behavior indicates that the viscosity and viscoelasticity of film solution gradually decrease with the increase in pH. OM and AFM results show that the G30/8 film has the best compact properties, while the nonporous compact film structure further improves the mechanical, barrierand and thermodynamic properties of the film. Accordingly, the findings of this study had a certain value for regulating the low viscoelasticity of GG emulsion and enhancing the stability of film formation.
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•(3-Chloropropyl) triethoxysilane improved mechanical and barrier properties of film.•The polysiloxane structure enhanced the connectivity between molecular chains.•The pH regulated the solution viscoelasticity.•Compared with guar gum, G30/8 displayed the best fluid and film performance.
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•Functionalized guar gum with tuned physicochemical properties for controlled drug delivery applications.•Guar gum based micro-formulations includes emulsion cross linking and ionic ...gelation method.•Cross-linking of guar gum creates an interpenetrating polymer networks with mechanical and thermal properties.•Most widely used approach for nano-formulation is the single/double step emulsion method.
Guar gum a non-ionic polysaccharide obtained from the seeds of Cyamopsis tetragonolobus of the Leguminosae family is found abundantly in nature. It finds extensive use in a variety of fields such as food industry, textile industry, paper industry, cosmetic industry, pharmaceutical industry among many others. Guar gum being a natural polymer with several interesting properties like biodegradability, biosafety, biocompatibility and sustainability presents a potential case for use in pharmaceutical formulations and drug release studies. Although guar gum in its native form finds limited use as delivery carriers owing to its high swelling characteristics in aqueous medium, this property can be significantly altered through derivatization of functional groups, cross-linking and grafting for application in a wide spectrum of biomedical fields. This review article provides a comprehensive overview of different modifications made on guar gum through derivatization in the quest to make them more versatile for drug delivery applications. The drug entrapment efficacy and in vitro drug release from different micro- and nano-formulations using guar gum for controlled release are also assessed.
In this work, an environmental friendly dust suppressant with improved wettability and coagulation properties was developed by a chemical modification method. The hydroxypropyl guar gum was ...synthesized by nucleophilic substitution reaction between natural polymer guar gum and propylene oxide. Through a series of optimization of adjuvant agents and viscosity experiments, the optimum formulation contained moisture agent W + 0.8% hydroxypropyl guar gum. A mastersizer 3000 laser particle size analyzer was used to determine that the wettability of coal dust increases with the increase of particle size. The dust suppression agent and coal dust were fully mixed and bonded together, as observed by a high-resolution scanning electron microscopy. The spray dust reduction experiment results show that the spray dust reducer developed in this paper can significantly reduce the dust concentration, and the average dust removal rates of total dust and respirable dust are increased to 83.94% and 84.08%, respectively.
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•Chemical dust reduction is especially suitable for hydrophobic respirable dust.•The optimum composite spraying dust suppression agent concentration is determined.•Wrinkles were found on the surface of granules of modified GG.•The dust-reducing performance was significantly higher than that of clear water.
Coalbed methane (CBM) presents a promising energy source for addressing global energy shortages. Nonetheless, challenges such as low gas production from individual wells and difficulties in breaking ...gels at low temperatures during extraction hinder its efficient utilization. Addressing this, we explored native microorganisms within coal seams to degrade guar gum, thereby enhancing CBM production. However, the underlying mechanisms of biogenic methane production by synergistic biodegradation of lignite and guar gum remain unclear. Research results showed that the combined effect of lignite and guar gum enhanced the production, yield rate and concentration of biomethane. When the added guar gum content was 0.8 % (w/w), methane production of lignite and guar gum reached its maximum at 561.9 mL, which was 11.8 times that of single lignite (47.3 mL). Additionally, guar gum addition provided aromatic and tryptophan proteins and promoted the effective utilization of CC/CH and OCO groups on the coal surface. Moreover, the cooperation of lignite and guar gum accelerated the transformation of volatile fatty acids into methane and mitigated volatile fatty acid inhibition. Dominant bacteria such as Sphaerochaeta, Macellibacteroides and Petrimonas improved the efficiency of hydrolysis and acidification. Electroactive microorganisms such as Sphaerochaeta and Methanobacterium have been selectively enriched, enabling the establishment of direct interspecies electron transfer pathways. This study offers valuable insights for increasing the production of biogenic CBM and advancing the engineering application of microbial degradation of guar gum fracturing fluid. Future research will focus on exploring the methanogenic capabilities of lignite and guar gum in in-situ environments, as well as elucidating the specific metabolic pathways involved in their co-degradation.
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•The synergistic effect of lignite and guar gum can improve the anaerobic digestion performance.•The methanogenesis of single guar gum was inhibited.•Lignite can accelerate the conversion of volatile fatty acids to methane and prevents acid inhibition.•The addition of guar gum improves the biodegradation of coal.•A novel mechanism was developed that lignite can promote direct interspecies electron transfer (DIET).
