This is an innovative new history of famine relief and humanitarianism. The authors apply a moral economy approach to shed new light on the forces and ideas that motivated and shaped humanitarian aid ...during the Great Irish Famine, the famine of 1921-1922 in Soviet Russia and the Ukraine, and the 1980s Ethiopian famine. They place these episodes within a distinctive periodisation of humanitarianism which emphasises the correlations with politico-economic regimes: the time of elitist laissez-faire liberalism in the nineteenth century as one of ad hoc humanitarianism; that of Taylorism and mass society from c.1900-1970 as one of organised humanitarianism; and the blend of individualised post-material lifestyles and neoliberal public management since 1970 as one of expressive humanitarianism. The book as a whole shifts the focus of the history of humanitarianism from the imperatives of crisis management to the pragmatic mechanisms of fundraising, relief efforts on the ground, and finance.
Philanthropy has long been a distinctive feature of American culture, but its crucial role in the economic well-being of the nation--and the world--has remained largely unexplored.Why Philanthropy ...Matterstakes an in-depth look at philanthropy as an underappreciated force in capitalism, measures its critical influence on the free-market system, and demonstrates how American philanthropy could serve as a model for the productive reinvestment of wealth in other countries. Factoring in philanthropic cycles that help balance the economy, Zoltan Acs offers a richer picture of capitalism, and a more accurate backdrop for considering policies that would promote the capitalist system for the good of all.
Examining the dynamics of American-style capitalism since the eighteenth century, Acs argues that philanthropy achieves three critical outcomes. It deals with the question of what to do with wealth--keep it, tax it, or give it away. It complements government in creating public goods. And, by focusing on education, science, and medicine, philanthropy has a positive effect on economic growth and productivity. Acs describes how individuals such as Benjamin Franklin, Andrew Carnegie, Bill Gates, and Oprah Winfrey have used their wealth to establish institutions and promote knowledge, and Acs shows how philanthropy has given an edge to capitalism by promoting vital forces--like university research--necessary for technological innovation, economic equality, and economic security. Philanthropy also serves as a guide for countries with less flexible capitalist institutions, and Acs makes the case for a larger, global philanthropic culture.
Providing a new perspective on the development of capitalism,Why Philanthropy Mattershighlights philanthropy's critical links to the economic progress, health, and future of the United States--and beyond.
The introduction to this collection brings together, under the umbrella terms of citizen aid and grassroots humanitarianism, interdisciplinary research on small-scale, privately funded forms of aid ...and development. It notes the steady rise of these activities, including in the Global South as well as North, such as in the context of the recent European refugee crisis. It considers their position vis-à-vis more institutionalised forms of aid; methodological approaches and their challenges; and asks what political dimensions these initiatives may have. It outlines key themes arising from the contributions to the collection, including historical perspectives on 'demotic humanitarianism', questions of legitimacy and their apparent lack of professionalisation, motivations of their founders, the role of personal connections, as well as the importance of digital media for brokerage and fundraising. Being mindful of its critiques and implicit power imbalances, it suggests that citizen aid deserves more systematic academic attention.
In 2020, under the guidance of Doctor of Sociological Sciences Ulyana Vinokurova, the textbook “Social Processes in the Arctic” was published. It presents results of the studies on the sociology of ...the Arctic as a circumpolar macro-region conducted by sociologists of Yakutia. The textbook is the beginning of the series “Sociology in the Arctic” and the scientific and educational project of Arctic research, which forms the basis of Arctic education. This article presents the summary 4 modules containing the results of scientific research introduced into the educational disciplines of the social and humanitarian cycle. The first module presents the theoretical part; the second module is “The Arctic as a social phenomenon”; module 3 is “Social dynamics in the Arctic”; module 4 is “Social differentiation”. Special attention is paid to the social processes in the Arctic investigated with the indigenous methodology, factors of stability and risks of geo-eco-socio-systems of the indigenous peoples of the Arctic. This manual creates an opportunity for an independent search for information, trends in socio-humanitarian knowledge in Arctic studies.
The article presents and substantiates the humanitarian component of the proactive education model in the context of global transformations given the influence of modern threats and challenges ...(technological, biogenic, socio-cultural, etc.). In the framework of Russia’s contemporary education policy, the authors present key elements of the humanitarian component of the model under survey (professional competences, ideological values, spiritual-patriotic and humanitarian-ecological components as well as digital competences and soft skills).
BackgroundThe latest IPCC Report confirmed that climate change is contributing to humanitarian crises (IPCC AR6, 2023). The impacts of CC&ED on humanitarian contexts remain insufficiently documented, ...with a notable absence of academic literature covering the experiences and perceptions of humanitarian professionals regarding the effects of CC&ED.MethodsA qualitative research methodology was employed to delve deep into the nuanced perceptions and experiences of humanitarian professionals working with affected people and communities. 49 semi-structured interviews were conducted and analyzed using the framework analysis approach for applied research developed by Goldsmith (2021).ResultsHumanitarian workers reported a wide range of impacts from CC&ED at both individual and operational levels.Direct health impacts: CC&ED lead to a rise in physical and mental health issues among affected populations and humanitarian workers, straining health services.Damage to physical infrastructure & environment: CC&ED can lead to the destruction of health facilities and roads, disrupt healthcare services and supply chains, and cause personal material losses for humanitarian workers.Worsened conditions of living & working: CC&ED can contribute to extreme heat and pollution, undermining the health and efficiency of humanitarian workers, complicating staff retention, disrupting care continuity and operational planning.Emergencies within emergencies: Climate change intensifies crises, particularly in conflict zones and densely populated areas, leading to compounded vulnerabilities and resource shortages that challenge the response capacity of humanitarian workers.ConclusionThis study illuminates the profound challenges climate change and environmental degradation pose to humanitarian action. The personal and operational strains on humanitarian workers and the complexities of managing aid delivery in this new context demands new approaches to humanitarian response. The research highlights the critical need for humanitarian organizations to document impacts and adapt strategies proactively, ensuring effective and resilient humanitarian assistance in the face of an evolving climate crisis.
Casualties of care Ticktin, Miriam I
2011., 20110730, 2011, 2011-08-29, 20110101
eBook
Open access
This book explores the unintended consequences of compassion in the world of immigration politics. Miriam Ticktin focuses on France and its humanitarian immigration practices to argue that a politics ...based on care and protection can lead the state to view issues of immigration and asylum through a medical lens. Examining two "regimes of care"—humanitarianism and the movement to stop violence against women—Ticktin asks what it means to permit the sick and sexually violated to cross borders while the impoverished cannot? She demonstrates how in an inhospitable immigration climate, unusual pathologies can become the means to residency papers, making conditions like HIV, cancer, and select experiences of sexual violence into distinct advantages for would-be migrants. Ticktin's analysis also indicts the inequalities forged by global capitalism that drive people to migrate, and the state practices that criminalize the majority of undocumented migrants at the expense of care for the exceptional few.
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