The results of investigations of solar-blind image converter tubes (ICTs), sensitive in the vacuum-ultraviolet (VUV) spectral range are presented. Sensitive-conversion layers of photocathodes based ...on boron-doped polycrystalline diamond films were grown up on sapphire substrates for the first time. Electron flow multipliers (EFMs) were fabricated in the form of diamond grid. Solar-blind VUV ICTs without the EFM are characterized by spectral sensitivity range of 180…250 nm, estimate of the threshold sensitivity value ~10-9 W/Hz0.5 and current sensitivity ~12 - 15 mA/W. Solar-blind VUV ICTs comprising the electron flow multipliers are characterized by extended spectral sensitivity range of 180…270 nm, improved estimate of the threshold sensitivity value 10-11… 5 × 10-12 W/Hz 0.5 and current sensitivity 50 mA/W.
Display omitted
•Solar-blind diamond photocathode is the base of ultraviolet image receiver.•Diamond photocathodes and electron flow multipliers doesn't afraid of light-striking.•Unique properties of diamond are the reason of solar-blind image receiver efficiency.•Base technology for UV image receiver is diamond heteroepitaxy on sapphire or quartz.
The results of calculations of electric fields, potentials, and trajectories of photoelectrons calculations of single-channel dual-spectral thermal imager, implemented in the IIT architecture are ...presented. The values of the optimal potentials on the control electrodes (microchannel plate, reading electrode, and photocathode) that form a picture of the images of objects and ensure the correct reading of the potential relief from the surface of the sensor-converter pyroelectric film of the image thermal receiver under discussion are determined.
The ultimate receiver of image and video is human visual system (HVS). It is an important problem in the domain of image and video processing that how to establish visual information representation ...model meeting the HVS perception property. In this study, authors give theory analysis and experiment results to prove that l_1 norm-based entropy of primitive (EoP) is superior to the l_0 norm-based EoP for the monocular cue in image quality assessment. By developing the concept of mutual information of primitive (MIP) as the binocular cue, an l_1 EoP-based stereoscopic image quality assessment metric is proposed. With EoP as monocular cue and MIP as binocular cue, the relative entropy between the original stereoscopic image and the distorted one is explored to predict the quality score with support vector regression. To avoid destroying image's structured information, the structured EoP (SEoP) is further explored to measure the stereoscopic image information. Extensive experimental results demonstrate that the stereoscopic image quality assessment algorithm with SEoP as monocular cue and MIP as binocular cue outperforms many state-of-the-art ones.
Advances in speaker, room, and device acoustic modeling have given rise to large scale simulations of their spatial-frequency responses suitable for tasks such as rapid hardware prototyping, audio ...front-end algorithm validation, and back-end data-set augmentation for machine learning. Joint modeling of sources, rooms, and receivers is computationally prohibitive due to the large combinatorial space, coupling between models, and overhead cost of data exchange. To address these issues, we introduce the complex spherical harmonics as a separable set of basis functions for representing each of these models and their first-order interactions. We then present a partitioned frequency-dependent image-source model expanded into the spherical harmonics for efficient impulse response synthesis. Results are validated against real-world measurements.
This paper presents an indoor optical wireless communications using adaptive wireless optical transmission scheme for health monitoring system. Since radio frequency (RF) networks can present ...electromagnetic disturbances with medical devices, an alternative system based on infrared (IR) technology is studied. In this scheme, optical wireless communication is proposed to transmit the obtained measurements from sensors to a central node and a medical center using intensity modulation-direct detection (IM/DD) with on-off-keying (OOK) modulation. An image sensor is utilized as a receiver, and the signal to noise ratio (SNR) at the image sensor is analyzed with consideration of the half power angle of the optical source, the transmitted power, data rate, and the patient's location. The analytical results indicate that by employing the adaptive transmission scheme, the required SNR of 13.6 dB is achieved.
The present dissertation investigates similes and their importance in Eichendorff’s narrative work. The sources of the investigation consist of seven of Eichendorff’s narratives. Their 734 similes ...make up the corpus, which is presented in its entirety in the appendix. The context of the similes is partly included as well. Initially, I define the concept of “simile” more precisely, partly distancing myself from the definitions found in classical dictionaries of literary terms. After this, I describe my procedure for analysis in detail. This turned out to be necessary, since there was no similar study to be found on this topic in the extensive literature on Eichendorff. The search for models of types of similes brought me back to antique rhetoric as well as to Middle High German epic poems. In the first analysis, the types of similes occurring in the corpus are presented. The syntactic structures of image receivers and image givers are used as criteria. Four structures of similes occurred: a) classical similes and b) similes with image givers, which represent adverbial clauses and c) as / as if – clauses or are d) subject-related. The frequency and the development of frequency of types of similes are presented as well. In the second step of the thesis, I investigate whether similes tend to depict conditions/qualities or procedures/actions. It turned out that similes reflecting conditions/qualities, i.e. epic similes, dominated strongly. The high number of similes could possibly be explained by the functions carried out by epic similes in narrative texts. In the third part, I concern myself with the question whether the similes of the corpus are imaginative representations only and what kind of sensorial perceptions they express. Admittedly, the dominating percentage of the similes proved to be images, but more than fifteen per cent consist of sounds and other sensorial perceptions. Furthermore, imaginative similes, but also sounding similes express motion, so that they illustrate pictures in motion and sounding motion respectively. These come close to synaesthesia, whereas only five similes illustrate „pure“ synaesthesia. In contrast, subject-related similes are perceptions of different sensations and feelings, illustrating the inner life of a character not shared by any other character. Finally, the semantic content of the similes is investigated in order to determine the metamorphosis, i.e. the trope transfer from proprium to improprium. It turned out that only the classical simile originating in antique rhetoric is suitable for a semantic analysis. Above all, there is great variation in the trope transfer. The metamorphosis human being → nature dominates strongly, which makes the narrative text appear as a palimpsest, in which yet another world glimmer in front of the human being behind every character. However, the many trope transfers that convey reality → unreality could be interpreted as transitions and as a “magical code” of Eichendorff. Furthermore, the semantic analysis uncovers content and motives of classical similes. It becomes clear that pre-constructed – and only pre-constructed - content is imitated here. Consequently, it can be asserted that Eichendorff’s great number of similes constitute or at least contribute to the formulaic manner (according to Kohlschmidt) and the intertextuality (according to Nienhaus) in Eichendorff’s narrative work. Above all, the subject-related simile type turns out to be a typical representative of Romanticism because of its subjectivism. Together with its preformed semantic content, it constitutes the “romantic formula” of Eichendorff’s work.
