En la eficiencia tareas de mantenimiento o de produccion industrial, influyen muchos factores, teniendo una especial relevancia el orden y la limpieza, recogido explicitamente, en la legislacion ...relativa a la seguridad. Sin embargo, el orden y la limpieza no son solamente parametros relacionados con la seguridad, sino que también son herramientas de trabajo para lograr una gestion de la produccion exitosa, dentro de la cual se ha desarrollado la metodologia 5S, para mejorar la productividad en cualquier sector industrial. Este articulo propone un modelo de mejora de la seguridad laboral a partir de la evaluacion del orden y la limpieza en los puestos de trabajo. Es un modelo que ha sido puesto en practica en plantas quimicas y que ha permitido, ademas, servir como revulsivo para estimular a los trabajadores en la mejora de la seguridad laboral.
Article aim is to consider agricultural holdings of Ukraine in terms of economic security and the basic conditions of their formation and activities. Established stages of development, compared land ...bank of holding agrarian companies, and determined the geographic distribution, the levels of debt security, reputation, financial reliability, effectiveness of largest agricultural holdings. Posted arguments concerning the improvement of the integrated agricultural enterprises’ economic security system based on considering functional components. Agricultural holdings formation impact on state food and environmental security. Periodic adverse reports of bankruptcy, scandals on bad product quality, financial instability, raider seizure and so on actualize study of agricultural holdings from the standpoint of guaranteeing economic security.
In the process of shaping particular academic disciplines, there is a need to synthesise the existing research results and on their basis propose new methodological approaches and indicate the ...possibility of applying new directions of theoretic-cognitive and application research. This is the idea to which the theme and purpose of this paper refers. It proposes a new holistic research concept. The first part of the article reviews the hitherto research problems concerning the operation of an industrial plant (enterprise). Presented are the changing research concepts that initially treated the industrial plant as a landscape element, and then as a production plant affecting the processes of industry concentration, as well as socio-economic and cultural changes of the surroundings. In the second part, in the light of the theory of the dynamic system, the assumption was made that an industrial enterprise is not an isolated element of geographical space, but one of its functional components. Its role changes under the influence of endogenous and exogenous factors, as well as in the process of civilisation development. Using the idea of a dynamic system and the model of the functioning of geographical space, a new, holistic concept of research into the operation and development of an industrial enterprise is proposed. It includes various relationships: between the enterprise and the elements of geographical space (natural, socio-economic, cultural), between the rules of economic development, between different functional types of enterprises, competitive, between the categories of the environment, between the power elites and types of policies. The proposed model approach makes it possible to define various relations with the enterprise and allows for a comprehensive understanding of its functioning in a diversified surroundings, and it provides for the definition of a more precise strategy for its development.
We compared the ability of various empirical methods to reproduce public credit ratings (PCRs) of industrial companies (ICs) from BRICS countries using publicly available information. This task is ...important for researchers and practitioners because many of BRICS’ ICs lack PCRs from reputable rating agencies such as Moody’s, Standard and Poor’s, and Fitch. This paper aimed at filling the gap in the existing research as insufficient efforts were focused on prediction of PCRs of ICs from the entire BRICS IC community. The modeled variables are credit ratings (CRs) of 208 BRICS’ ICs assigned by Moody’s at the year-end from 2006 to 2016. The sample included 1217 observations. Financial explanatory variables included companies’ revenue, operating profitability, interest coverage ratio, debt/book capitalization, and cash flow debt coverage. Non-financial explanatory variables included dummies for home region, industry, affiliation with the state, and a set of macroeconomic data of IC’s home countries. The set of statistical methods included linear discriminant analysis (LDA), ordered logit regression (OLR), support vector machine (SVM), artificial neural network (ANN), and random forest (RF). The resulting models were checked for in-sample and out-of-sample predictive fit. Our findings revealed that among considered methods of artificial intelligence models (AI), SVM, ANN, and RF outperformed LDA and OLR by predictive power. On testing sample, AI gave on average 55% of precise results and up to 99% with an error within one rating grade; RF demonstrated the best outcome (58% and 100%). Conversely, LDA and OLR on average gave only 37% of precise results and up to 70% with an error within one grade. LDA and OLR also gave higher share of Type I errors (overestimation of ratings) than that of AI. Therefore, AI should have higher practical application than DA and OLR for predicting the ratings of BRICS ICs.
Reverse logistics, the movement of materials back up the supply chain, is recognised by many organisations as an opportunity for adding value. The paper considers the theoretical framework and the ...conception of reverse logistics in literature and practice. The objective of the article is to propose tangible solutions which eliminate the imbalances in reverse logistics and improve the waste management in the company. The case study focuses on the improvement in the process of waste packaging in the context of sustainable development as a part of reverse logistics in the surveyed industrial company in Slovakia.
Article aim is to consider agricultural holdings of Ukraine in terms of economic security and the basic conditions of their formation and activities. Established stages of development, compared land ...bank of holding agrarian companies, and determined the geographic distribution, the levels of debt security, reputation, financial reliability, effectiveness of largest agricultural holdings. Posted arguments concerning the improvement of the integrated agricultural enterprises’ economic security system based on considering functional components. Agricultural holdings formation impact on state food and environmental security. Periodic adverse reports of bankruptcy, scandals on bad product quality, financial instability, raider seizure and so on actualize study of agricultural holdings from the standpoint of guaranteeing economic security.
Extreme uneven spatial and temporal distributions of rainfall pose the risk of water shortage to the industries in Taiwan, particularly during dry seasons, which may be worsen under climate change. ...This study aims to develop adaptation actions for an industrial company to reduce the risk of droughts. The Formosa Plastics Corporation (FPC) in Chuoshui River watershed is selected as a study case and an integrated risk assessment tool of water resources TaiWAP is used. The water shortage of FPC is mainly in the dry seasons because the water rights of public and agricultural uses are prioritized over industrial use. The considered adaptation options including water reuse, a desalination plant, smart agricultural water management, and rainwater harvesting. The results show that the waste-water reuse and sea-water desalination are the most effective adaptation options, which reduces the water shortage risks 33–44% per day in the return period of ten years. The results are generalized for the reference of other studies. The risk assessment and adaptation measure identification of the company require regional information. Moreover, some adaptation measures that the company implements help reduce the water shortage of the region and are consequently beneficial to the company, e.g., smart agricultural water management.
Quality improvement, standardisation of spirometry testing, and interpretation of results are critically important in the occupational setting.
To determine the quality of spirometry tests and ...pulmonary function changes in two consecutive years among the personnel of an industrial company.
This study was performed in an oil refinery in Iran in 2011. Data on 1,004 male personnel were evaluated before and after a training course conducted according to the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health guidelines. American Thoracic Society/European Respiratory Society guidelines were used for assessment of the acceptability and repeatability criteria.
The most common error in the first year of evaluation was forced vital capacity >6 seconds or a 1 second plateau. Acceptability and proper interpretation significantly improved after the course (p<0.05), but repeatability did not change significantly (p>0.05).
The results of this study show that the validity and quality of spirometric tests conducted in the studied company in Iran were unacceptable, but these improved significantly after the training intervention. The study demonstrated the lack of a systematic guideline for conducting spirometry and interpreting the results in the occupational setting in Iran, and emphasises the need for a nationwide programme to improve the quality of spirometry tests in this setting.
Nowadays with regard to the prominent role of management in promoting efficiency and development in human resources, it is observed that supervisors’ roles have changed from technical and operational ...to underlying concepts of management such as planning and organizing as well as strategic thinking. Unfortunately, the traditional perspective in Iranian manufacturing companies has made the significance of supervisors’ roles unknown. In regard to the complexity and the use of modern technologies in gas and oil industries, supervisors as operational managers are responsible for a significant part of human capital. Hiring competent supervisors in oil and gas companies can promote the quantity and quality of products as well as increase the possibility of successful achievement in strategic goals. To assess the importance of supervisors’ roles in oil and gas industries, this study has employed Delphi method based on experts’ opinions to identify essential competencies. In this study 15 essential competencies for supervisors have been identified which contribute to a better performance of companies’ missions and achievements in strategic goals.
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