China's CO2 reduction is crucial in mitigating global and regional climate change. Land resources used by industrial enterprises in China come from official land transactions, which indirectly ...affects carbon emissions. The quantitative examination of the relationship between land supply and carbon emissions can provide potential pathways and strategies for regional carbon emission reduction. For this purpose, we innovatively integrated land transaction data from China's industrial enterprise and carbon emission databases. Using this integrated database, we estimated the carbon emission changes from land transactions from 2006 to 2013, focusing on the transformation of agricultural land into industrial land in China's 331 cities. The results showed that land transactions could cause high carbon emissions in China. The industry with the largest land transaction area during the study period was the production and supply of electric power, steam, and hot water, and the one with the highest increase in carbon emissions from land transactions was the smelting and pressing of ferrous metals. By further examining the typology of the relationships between land transactions and carbon emissions for these cities, a scientific reference for pathways for reducing carbon emissions in cities was generated. Specifically, the results showed that cities with high land supply and carbon emissions were mainly resource-based or economic priority cities for development. For these cities, the entry threshold of energy-intensive industries must be raised, and the supply of land for clean energy enterprises should be increased. In contrast, cities with low land supply but high emissions primarily had depleting resources, high ecological and environmental pressure, and relatively lagging economic development. Correspondingly, the government should use the land supply to guide industries to reduce their dependence on traditional fossil energy. Regardless of the type of city in terms of relationships between carbon emissions and land transactions, indicators of carbon emission intensity should be included and carefully considered in land use planning and land transaction processes in the future.
•Land transactions can cause high carbon emissions in China.•Land supply and related carbon emissions vary between regions.•Carbon emission effects should be considered when making land supply quotas.•Integrating land transactions and industrial enterprise provides a new perspective.
Public awareness has an important effect on the legislation and implementation of climate change policies. Against the backdrop of the "Big Data Era," social media is an appealing and promising tool ...for a timely and complete understanding of public perception and attitudes towards climate policies. This paper examines the public's spontaneous attention and awareness about carbon emissions trading (ETS). Tweets related to the EU-ETS, published between 2008 and 2019, were collected for multi-dimensional analysis. Empirical results show several important findings. First, public attention on the EU-ETS has increased significantly since 2011. Second, government officials and industry practitioners have a stronger influence in the discussions than the public and industrial enterprises. Third, topic followers mostly gathered in Belgium (16.65%), the UK (11.6%), and some non-regulated countries like the US and Australia. Fourth, the public mainly focused on the policies and legislation, allowance price, and allocation. The innovation of this study rests in the development of a social media data-based research framework to examine the public's cognition of climate policies, which integrates the advantages of public social media, social network analysis, and text topic analysis. This study provides comprehensive analysis and support for climate policy implementation and public acceptance improvement.
•This study analyses public opinions on the EU emission trading system.•Public cognition of EU ETS is examined with social network and text topic analysis.•The subjective assumption and sample size limitation of survey method was overcomed.•Proposed suggestions for promoting public awareness on emission trading policies.
To achieve the “Carbon Peak” and “Carbon Neutrality” goals, the Chinese government is continuously strengthening energy conservation and emission reduction (ECER) work. However, this measure may also ...have an impact on employment in enterprises. To clarify its impact characteristics, we manually collect and organize prefecture-level municipal government work reports, and characterize ECER targets based on whether the government's planning terms involve ECER. This paper combines the China Industrial Enterprise Database and China Listed Company Database to empirically test the impact of ECER targets on employment growth in enterprises. We find that ECER targets inhibit employment growth in enterprises, and this effect is still significant after considering the endogeneity problems. The results of the mechanism analysis show that at the macro level, ECER targets can inhibit employment growth by exacerbating resource mismatch and weakening market competition. At the micro level, ECER targets can increase the enterprise's fixed assets investment and tax burden, and reduce the enterprise's wage, which has a negative impact on employment growth. In addition, we also find that the inhibitory effect of ECER targets on employment growth is more significant in foreign-capital enterprises, private enterprises, and enterprises in the eastern region.
•China's energy conservation and emission reduction (ECER) targets inhibit employment growth.•Potential influence channels from the ECER targets to employment growth are provided.•The inhibitory effect of ECER targets on employment growth is heterogeneous.
•We examine the effect of public environmental participation on total factor productivity.•We construct an index of public environmental participation.•We find the heterogeneous effects of public ...environmental participation on the improvement of firm total factor productivity.
This study investigates the impact of the implementation of the Environmental Protection Law on financing efficiency in industrial enterprises. The PSM-DID analysis reveals statistically significant differences in financing efficiency between the treated and control groups, indicating a substantial impact of environmental protection policies on firms' environmental practices. The analysis of fixed effects indicates a complex relationship between environmental protection law changes and financing efficiency. By combining theoretical foundations with rigorous empirical analyses, the research sheds light on the intricate interplay between environmental protection laws, financing constraints, and the optimal utilization of financial resources.
Domestic research and development (R&D) activities are critical for the development of China's low-carbon economy. The higher level of R&D inputs, the more advanced technology will generate, ...therefore contributing to the energy intensity reduction. In empirical studies, the effect of R&D activities on energy intensity has been investigated extensively, however, most studies consider R&D activities as a whole. Consequently, we lack detailed information on the role of each R&D player and stage for appropriate policy consideration. Furthermore, the effects of R&D activities may be determined by factors affecting technology absorptive ability. To understand the influence of R&D activities on energy intensity, we employ linear and nonlinear analyses using a Chinese provincial dataset covering 2000–2016. The linear analysis suggests that domestic R&D is powerful in reducing energy intensity. However, this positive effect is mainly from experimental and developmental R&D activities rather than basic R&D and application activities. Further, R&D activities by industrial enterprises have a stronger effect on energy intensity reduction than those of higher education and independent R&D institutions. Additional study using panel threshold models suggests that the effects are not linear but experience structural breaks when human capital stock and full-time equivalent (FEP) R&D personnel are at different levels.
•We study the influence of R&D stages and actors on energy intensity in China.•The results suggest that indigenous R&D activities can reduce energy intensity.•This positive effect is mainly from experimental and developmental R&D activities.•The strongest effect on energy intensity reduction is from industrial enterprise R&D.•Policy should also increase R&D personnel for better energy intensity reduction.
•Construct the green development performance system of industrial enterprises from the micro perspective.•Simulated the green development performance index of industrial enterprises with the ...functional data analysis method.•Analysis the regional difference of the index.•Verify the stability and reference value of the index.
This paper constructs an enterprise green development performance system by integrating green development concept and enterprise performance measurement. Based on the panel data of 458 industrial listed enterprises in China from 2011 to 2018, this paper simulates the green development performance index of industrial enterprises by using the functional data analysis method and functional entropy weight method. There are four main conclusions. First, the change in the green development performance index of industrial enterprises is U-shaped, which shows an upward trend overall. Within a range of 0.006–0.05, the minimum value is 0.006, and considering the strength and trend of future policies there is no maximum value. The higher the value is, the higher the level of green development of industrial enterprises. Second, according to the weight and fitting curves, we can find that the importance and development level of social performance are at the highest, and the importance level basically floats around 0.5, far higher than the average level. The importance of economic performance and the development level of innovation performance are at the lowest respectively, and there is a big gap with the average level. Third, the shape and trend of the index generated by the average weight and the subjective weight of social performance are basically consistent with the index generated by the objective weight. This shows that the index is not sensitive to the weight and has certain robustness and representativeness. Finally, according to the location of enterprises, they were divided into three categories: middle, east and west. The boost Trap method was used to conduct FANOVA (Functional ANOVA) with the P value of 0.314. The results showed that the index did not differ significantly between regions at the significance level of 0.05.
The formation of university spinoff companies has been studied extensively, yet limited attention has been devoted to their survival. Consequently, little is known about spinoff’s later stage ...developments. Spinoff companies exist in university networks where they access resources through different types of actors. However, it remains unclear on which actors specifically these firms should focus their networking efforts, especially in relation to their success. It is also poorly understood how the regional economic environment affects spinoff survival. This article examines the core determinants of survival of academic spinoff companies. The article analyses a unique sample of 870 UK spinoff companies from 81 universities formed between 2002 and 2013. The results show that spinoff company survival is dependent on three core university network actors: investors, external entrepreneurs and technology transfer offices (TTOs). In addition, spinoff companies born into less industrially diversified regions enjoy greater probability of survival.
Blockchain technology has become one of the emerging technologies set to disrupt the maritime industry. Maritime companies are increasingly exploring to adopt blockchain to stay ahead of competition. ...However, studies on blockchain applications in the maritime sector have been scarce and most of them are confined to a specific sector like the maritime shipping sector. Therefore, this study is motivated to provide a thorough analysis of blockchain applications from the perspectives of different sectors in the industry. It also aims to develop a novel conceptual framework to provide a holistic view of blockchain adoption in the industry and guide future research. The implication analysis of blockchain adoption indicates that for industry organisations, a good understanding of blockchain and their own specific problems and requirements is key before adopting the technology. For government agencies, technical code for blockchain can be utilised to govern blockchain innovation with the same effects as legal code. Lastly, recommendations are provided to various maritime stakeholders to seize the emerging opportunities provided by blockchain and mitigate relevant risks.
Industrial process consumes large amounts of energy and emits substantial carbon dioxide. The implementation of digital transformation is crucial for industrial enterprises to move towards low-carbon ...transformation. Existing studies on mediating effect between digitization and carbon emissions reduction have not adequately explored the role of talent. By selecting Chinese industrial listed enterprises during 2012–2021 as research samples, we apply the mediation model to investigate the influence of digital transformation on carbon performance and to explore the mediating effect of talent. Moreover, the moderated mediation model is used to detect the moderating effects of excess employee and employee density, named employee structure. We find that digital transformation has a positive impact on carbon performance. Talent performs as a mediating function in the link between digital transformation and carbon performance. The mediating effect of talent can be positively moderated by excess employee and employee density, respectively. This positive mediating effect increases with the decrease of excess employee or the increase of employee density. Our research findings suggest that government should encourage entire industrial sector to implement digital transformation, and enterprises should take full advantage of digital transformation for the low-carbon development.
•Digital transformation has a positive impact on carbon performance.•Talent plays a mediating role between digital transformation and carbon performance.•The mediating effect of talent can be positively moderated by excess employee and employee density, respectively.•The positive mediating effect of talent increases with the decrease of excess employee or the increase of employee density.
PDF
