During the first decades of America's existence as a nation, private citizens, voluntary associations, and government officials encouraged the smuggling of European inventions and artisans to the New ...World. At the same time, the young republic was developing policies that set new standards for protecting industrial innovations. This book traces the evolution of America's contradictory approach to intellectual property rights from the colonial period to the age of Jackson.
During the seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries Britain shared technological innovations selectively with its American colonies. It became less willing to do so once America's fledgling industries grew more competitive. After the Revolution, the leaders of the republic supported the piracy of European technology in order to promote the economic strength and political independence of the new nation. By the middle of the nineteenth century, the United States became a leader among industrializing nations and a major exporter of technology. It erased from national memory its years of piracy and became the world's foremost advocate of international laws regulating intellectual property.
In The Protection Against Unfair Competition in the WTO TRIPS Agreement, Christian Riffel offers an account of the potential which Article 10bis of the Paris Convention has for the world trading ...system. In particular, the author explores what hard law obligations emerge from it.
Integrated Model of Brand Trust for Green Marketing Jamal, Fauziyah Nur; Othman, Norfaridatul Akmaliah; Fitriani, Dyah ...
International journal of sustainable development and planning,
06/2023, Volume:
18, Issue:
6
Journal Article
This article aims to analyze the technological developments of packages for chilled or frozen products carrying thermochromic visual indicators to inform the cumulative thermal exposure along ...logistics chains. Thermochromic visual indicators inform the final consumer whether the product is in real and safe conditions for consumption. Through technological prospecting in the Espacenet and Institute of Industrial Property of Brazil patent databases, 75 documents were selected, and their bibliographic and technical data were analyzed through Iramuteq software to identify the technological fields related to these kinds of packages that contribute most to increasing value. Supported by a literature review, we identified “technological clusters” which promote developing products and processes. The value features related to packages were confronted to technologies found, offering a clear vision of those more advanced and those yet incipient from the value generating point of view. Contrary to intuitive conclusions, technologies employing information on means of measuring and/or indicating temperature are the most frequently present in the patent documents analyzed, comparing to ecological and economic functions.
By their nature, patents allow for the protection of creations or inventions in various technological sectors and in countries of commercial or industrial interest. They also record information about ...inventors and holders, as well as the novel features of the invention. With this in mind, this article considers the contributions of Colombians in the global context by analyzing patent applications submitted between 2000 and 2019 in jurisdictions other than their own.
The research focused on the analysis of patent application records obtained from the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) patent database, in which at least one Colombian was listed as a holder. The results show that while the number of applications was not very high, they were distributed across various technological areas and were primarily filed in Europe, North America, and Asia, with minimal participation in Central and South America. Analysis also revealed a high level of collaboration, with 69% of the applications filed jointly. Additionally, 84% of the holders associated with the records obtained are natural persons.
Technological renewal is increasingly complex and costly, which makes it difficult for new firms to be able to develop their innovation activities in isolation. Many of the product innovation ...requirements are not completely available inside firms, and so they need to form cooperative relationships with other organisations to make up for the shortages in resources and capacity. Through analysis of a case study, the aim is to understand the inter-organisational cooperation relationships established by one firm in the use, as a raw material, from another firm's activity waste – coffee dregs. This type of innovative cooperation also involved simultaneously a university and an innovation research centre in the development of a new product in the health field. It provides an example of circular economy in the context of an innovative firm's initial development, something that could inspire academics and business-people who focus their work on sustainability, innovation and inter-organisational cooperation topics, where the diversity of relationships has not yet been studied in the consulted literature. Several semi-structured interviews were carried out with representatives of the focal company and other cooperating organisations, in addition to secondary data collected from each one. From content analysis method, the results show mutual advantages, locally and nationally, in establishing cooperative relationships to develop an innovative product based on sustainability principles. Still based on the case study, six major topics were identified: (1) sustainability; (2) planning the firm's activity in the medium and long-term; (3) product innovation; (4) university-firm relationship; (5) protecting industrial property, and (6) community benefits resulting from the cooperation. Based on these topics, an innovative model is proposed, as well as presenting the contributions of this pioneering study to theory and practice. Future lines of research are indicated to guide possible empirical studies to carry out a posteriori.
Relationship between industry 4.0 and patents Santa Rita, Luciana Peixoto; da Silva, Luciana Santos Costa Vieira; Kaczam, Fabíola ...
World patent information,
September 2023, 2023-09-00, Volume:
74
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Patent statistics have been widely used to assess the competitive position in various technological domains, both at the level of companies and countries. In the literature, there is a gap related to ...studies that highlight the importance of patents as a strategic instrument in the context of industry 4.0 technologies. In this context, the present article seeks to fill this gap by presenting a conceptual and empirical framework based on a systematic literature review (SLR) to analyze the relationship between patents and industry 4.0. For this purpose, 958 studies published in journals listed in the Web of Science and Scopus databases were selected. Patent analysis refers to examining various features of technological progress and innovation activities that characterize a given industrial or technological domain. This relationship points to the importance of patenting, as the literature review results showed an increase in patenting activity related to Industry 4.0. This study reinforces that patent analysis refers to the examination of various characteristics of technological progress and that innovation activities characterize a particular industrial or technological domain. This article also contributes to the patents and industry 4.0 fields by presenting the state of the art of this relationship and directing future research.
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