Raziskovalno vprašanje (RV): Kako naj organizacije, ki uresničujejo družbeno odgovornost, to izmerijo? Namen: Ugotoviti, kaj je družbena odgovornost organizacij. Določiti kazalnike družbene ...odgovornosti ter ugotoviti, kako se meri družbena odgovornost organizacij. Metoda: Tematska analiza pregleda znanstvene literature z metodo integrativne tematske analize kvalitativnih podatkov. Rezultati: Merjenje družbene odgovornosti organizacij pomeni nabor različnih kazalnikov z različnih področij delovanja organizacije. Enotni kazalnik za merjenje družbene odgovornosti ne obstaja. Obstaja mnogo kazalnikov, ki so lahko med seboj celo neskladni in neprimerljivi. Od deležnikov je odvisno, katerim metodam merjenja in kazalnikom bodo zaupali. Organizacija: V članku predstavljene metode merjenja družbene odgovornosti organizacij omogočajo vodstvu organizacije ustrezno komuniciranje njihove družbene odgovornosti in zadovoljevanje zahtev, potreb in želja različnih deležnikov, kar posledično vodi v finančno uspešnost organizacije. Družba: Kazalniki, ki merijo družbeno odgovornost, kažejo na vplive te organizacije na okolje, družbo in gospodarstvo. Originalnost: Predstavitev pregleda načinov merjenja družbene odgovornosti organizacij. Omejitve/nadaljnje raziskovanje: Omejitveni kriteriji iskanja izvirnih in preglednih znanstvenih člankov so bili: obdobje 2005 do 2018, dostopnost celotnega besedila člankov in jezik besedila slovenščina ali angleščina. Raziskava ni bila narejena. V nadaljevanju raziskovanja bi bilo smiselno raziskati dejansko uporabo in razširjenost različnih metod merjenja družbene odgovornosti organizacij v različnih državah ali tržnih gospodarstvih.
Zmanjševanje regionalnih razvojnih razlik in uravnotežen razvoj, temelječ na načelih trajnostnega razvoja, sta osrednja cilja regionalne politike v Sloveniji, zato v članku preučujemo uspešnost ...slovenskih regij pri doseganju teh ciljev na socialno-ekonomskem in okoljskem področju po letu 2010. V ta namen so bili preučeni štirje sintezni kazalniki (bruto domači proizvod na prebivalca, ekološki odtis na prebivalca, indeks razvojne ogroženosti in kazalnik trajnostnega regionalnega razvoja) in 32 posameznih ekonomskih, socialnih in okoljskih kazalnikov, ki so vključeni tudi v izračun kazalnika trajnostnega regionalnega razvoja. Večina ekonomskih in socialnih kazalnikov kaže približevanje strateškim razvojnim ciljem, večina okoljskih pa oddaljevanje od njih.
V prispevku prepoznavamo besedilne in leksikalne kazalnike terminološke negotovosti ter načine tega izkazovanja ob prevzemanju in prevajanju tujih strokovnih izrazov. Pri tem se osredotočamo na ...področje menedžmenta in sorodna področja, vključujoč besedila iz dveh slovenskih revij s področja menedžmenta. Ugotovili smo, da v obravnavanih revijah le mestoma naletimo na besedilne kazalnike terminološke negotovosti in da se terminološka negotovost kaže še skozi terminološke sopomenke (leksikalni kazalnik).
Ugotavljanje primerjalne ravni trajnostnega razvoja mest ima pomembno vlogo pri oblikovanju njihove trajnostne prihodnosti. V članku avtorji na podlagi geografske podatkovne baze, izdelane ob podpori ...geografskega informacijskega sistema, proučujejo trajnostni razvoj 17 največjih mest v Kazahstanu med letoma 2007 in 2019. Izsledki njihove raziskave kažejo, da nobeno od proučevanih mest ni doseglo stopnje trajnostnega razvoja, ki bi bila po indeksu trajnostnega razvoja mest enaka ali višja od 0,750, hkrati pa nobeno ni doseglo stopnje razvoja, nižje od 0,300. Vseh 17 mest so zato avtorji ocenili kot zmerno trajnostne. V prihodnjih raziskavah bodo proučevali, kako lahko še izboljšajo sistem proučevanja trajnostnosti mest v Kazahstanu.
The easy access to data from electronic patient records has made using this type of data in pay-for-performance systems increasingly common. General practitioners (GPs) throughout Europe oppose this ...for several reasons. Not all data can be used to derive good quality indicators and quality indicators can’t reflect the broad scope of primary care. Qualities like person-centred care and continuity are particularly difficult to measure. The indicators urge doctors and nurses to spend too much time on the registration and administration of required data. However, quality indicators can be very useful as starting points for discussions about quality in primary care, with the purpose being to initiate, stimulate and support local improvement work. This led to The European Society for Quality and Patient Safety in General Practice (EQuiP) feeling the urge to clarify the different aspects of quality indicators by updating their statement on measuring quality in Primary Care. The statement has been endorsed by the Wonca Europe Council in 2018.
A new organisation at the primary level, called model practices, introduces a 0.5 full-time equivalent nurse practitioner as a regular member of the team. Nurse practitioners are in charge of ...registers of chronic patients, and implement an active approach into medical care. Selected quality indicators define the quality of management. The majority of studies confirm the effectiveness of the extended team in the quality of care, which is similar or improved when compared to care performed by the physician alone. The aim of the study is to compare the quality of management of patients with diabetes mellitus type 2 before and after the introduction of model practices.
A cohort retrospective study was based on medical records from three practices. Process quality indicators, such as regularity of HbA1c measurement, blood pressure measurement, foot exam, referral to eye exam, performance of yearly laboratory tests and HbA1c level before and after the introduction of model practices were compared.
The final sample consisted of 132 patients, whose diabetes care was exclusively performed at the primary care level. The process of care has significantly improved after the delivery of model practices. The most outstanding is the increase of foot exam and HbA1c testing. We could not prove better glycaemic control (p>0.1). Nevertheless, the proposed benchmark for the suggested quality process and outcome indicators were mostly exceeded in this cohort.
The introduction of a nurse into the team improves the process quality of care. Benchmarks for quality indicators are obtainable. Better outcomes of care need further confirmation.
Jezikovna modalnost ali naklonska sestavina jezika, eden izmed najznačilnejših pojavov v procesu sporazumevanja, s širšega zornega kota zadeva odnos, ki ga govorec vpisuje v besede, ko pripoveduje, ...sprašuje, izraža želje ali poskuša usmeriti pozornost v to, kar govori. Tradicionalno gledano, sodijo pod široko etiketo jezikovne modalnosti raznolike formalne manifestacije: glagolski naklon, modalni glagoli, določeni prislovi in členki, intonacija in podobno.Pričujoča študija se osredotoča na nekatere glagolske kazalnike (marcadores verbales) epistemične modalnosti v španščini in proučuje njihovo vlogo pri razvoju sporazumevalnih zmožnosti. Epistemično modalnost razumemo kot jezikovno izražanje govorčeve zaveze do »faktualnosti« oziroma do objektivne predstavitve izjave. V prvem delu članka se izpostavijo tiste modalne glagolske perifraze in posamezni glagolski časi, ki v določenih kontekstih signalizirajo epistemično modalnost in evidencialnost v tako imenovanih »citatnih« ali »polifoničnih« rabah. Drugi del študije predstavi izsledke analize šestih učbenikov za španščino kot tuji jezik (ravni SEJO B1, B2 in C1), s katero se je želelo ugotoviti, na kakšen način se ti mehanizmi v učbenikih sistematizirajo ter kakšen je njihov prispevek k razvoju sporazumevalnih jezikovnih zmožnosti (po SEJO: jezikovnih, sociolingvističnih in pragmatičnih zmožnosti). Menimo namreč, da eksplicitno poučevanje epistemične modalnosti pri pouku španščine kot tujega jezika bistveno prispeva k usvajanju jezikovne rabe, zato si zasluži večjo pozornost.
A new form of family practices was introduced in 2011 through a pilot project introducing nurse practitioners as members of team and determining a set of quality indicators. The aim of this article ...was to assess the quality of diabetes and hypertension management.
We included all family medicine practices that were participating in the project in December 2015 (N=584). The following data were extracted from automatic electronic reports on quality indicators: gender and specialisation of the family physician, status (public servant/self-contracted), duration of participation in the project, region of Slovenia, the number of inhabitants covered by a family medicine practice, the name of IT provider, and levels of selected quality indicators.
Out of 584 family medicine practices that were included in this project at the end of 2015, 568 (97.3%) had complete data and could be included in this analysis. The highest values were observed for structure quality indicator (list of diabetics) and the lowest for process and outcome quality indicators. The values of the selected quality indicators were independently associated with the duration of participation in the project, some regions of Slovenia where practices were located, and some IT providers of the practices.
First, the analysis of data on quality indicators for diabetes and hypertension in this primary care project pointed out the problems which are currently preventing higher quality of chronic patient management at the primary health care level.
The UNCTAD Handbook of Statistics was first launched in 1967. Over the past 50 years, the handbook has evolved to incorporate new statistics and ensure that readers have access to the best possible ...information available. The 2017 edition of the Handbook continues in this tradition of excellence and innovation. On the 50th anniversary of the first UNCTAD Handbook of Statistics, we are proud to launch our new and updated version. This new presentation style is designed to integrate the detailed and lengthy statistical time-series available on our UNCTADstat data center with summary tables, state-of-the-art charts, maps and modern infographics.
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