Heavy metal abundance and potential environmental risks are reported for surface sediments (n = 21) from the Port of Koper area, Republic of Slovenia. The enrichment factor (EF) indicates minor ...enrichment in arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), molybdenum (Mo), lead (Pb), antimony (Sb), and zinc (Zn), moderately to severely enriched with nickel (Ni). The trace metal chemistries, in the context of sediment quality guidelines (SQG), imply adverse threshold effect concentrations (TEC) and probable effect concentrations (PEC), for Ni only. Sediment sequential leaching experiments demonstrated that the majority of heavy metals were of natural lithogenic origin and low bioavailability. The heavy metals’ potential for “Risk Assessment Code” values exhibited no or low anthropogenic environmental burden, with the exception of Mo.
Doświadczenie polowe przeprowadzono w latach 2009–2010. Celem badań było określenie wpływu stosowania płaskiego osłaniania roślin włókniną (PP17 i PP50) i uprawy współrzędnej na zawartość ...makroskładników w liściach sałaty rzymskiej (Lactuca sativa L. var. romana Garst.). Osłanianie roślin włókniną PP17 i PP50 nie wpłynęło istotnie na zawartość suchej masy, N ogółem, P i Ca w sałacie rzymskiej. Sałata rosnąca pod płaskimi osłonami zgromadziła mniej K i więcej Mg niż uprawiana bez osłon. Sałata rosnąca współrzędnie z rzodkiewką kumulowała najmniej N ogółem i najwięcej Ca w liściach. Liście zewnętrzne sałaty zawierały więcej suchej masy, K, Ca i Mg, a liście wewnętrzne były bogatsze w N ogółem i P.
Purpose
The increase in maritime traffic in the Bay of Koper (Gulf of Trieste, northern Adriatic Sea) has been made possible given the increase in the local port capacity and logistics, which, in ...turn, means an increase in the number of arrivals of larger vessels (which were the original motive for port expansion); this poses a potential risk for coastal environments due to the impact of the resuspension of bottom sediment which affects the physical and chemical characteristics of the water column. The aim of this work was to assess the magnitude of these perturbative events.
Materials and methods
Turbidity (NTU) measurements were made using a CTD multiprobe during a vessel manoeuvre in the port navigational canal and in the entire Bay of Koper. In the highest turbidity zone, samples were collected from the surface water layer (0.5 m), at a depth of 6.0 m and 12.0 m. Total suspended solids (TSS) and suspended organic matter (SOM) were measured gravimetrically. TSS grain-size distribution was determined using a laser granulometer.
Results and discussion
The effect of the vessel manoeuvre was evident on turbidity with a maximum value of 137 NTU (TSS = ~ 139 mg l
−1
) and a sampled concentration of TSS of 37 mg l
−1
(bottom layer) in the water column immediately after the ship manoeuvre. Grain-size analysis shows a spectrum of particles with a mode size between 22 and 88 μm (medium silt and very fine sand, respectively). The estimated resuspension mass of total suspended solids (TSS) was ~ 109 t in the restricted manoeuvre area extending about ~ 736 × 493 m and with an average depth of 15 m.
Conclusions
The results demonstrated the significant impact of vessel manoeuvres on the measured parameters, the impact of which cannot be underestimated in terms of marine environmental protection and maritime traffic safety. Moreover, this impact is expected to increase in the near future.
Članek je podrobna analiza nagrobnih stel Decima Fulvija Doroteja v Kopru in Pole Orcivije v Mestnem muzeju starožitnosti »J. J. Winckelmann« v Trstu. Analizirani so motivi stel in z epigrafskega ...vidika je obrazložen pomen grškega napisa na reliefih. Izpostavljene so konkretne teorije izvora stel in upodobljencev,ter krajše obnovitve preteklih raziskav. Po Marie-Thérèse Le Dinahet-Couilloud nagrobna stela v Kopru izvira z grškega otoka Reneja, deloške nekropole, kar je razvidno že iz primerjave s številnimi stelami z Reneje, ki imajo enake značilnosti, tako slogovne kot epigrafske. Zato članek zagovarja tudi domnevo o steli Pole Orcivije v Trstu, ki bi tudi lahko izvirala z Reneje, in na podlagi primerjav izpostavlja teorijo njenega izvora kot precej verjetno.
The Bay of Koper is influenced by agricultural, urban, and port activities, therefore pollution from trace metals is a concern. A total of 20 sediment samples obtained from four 10-cm sediment cores ...were analyzed. Element concentration in the sediment of the bay was determined spatially and temporally from the recent surface to depth. The results were correlated with the composition and diversity of the benthic foraminiferal assemblages. Major element concentrations indicate natural lithogenic origin (which is also confirmed by mineralogical features). The benthic foraminiferal assemblages in sediment samples, although mainly composed of representatives of the Rotaliida, show moderate to high species diversity and are dominated by the pollution tolerant species
Ammonia pakinsoniana
,
Haynesina
sp.,
Valvulineria bradyana
and the non-keel
Elphidium
sp. and subordinated by
Ammonia tepida
and
Haynesina depressula
. Canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) on foraminiferal species and trace element concentrations shows a possible control of some potential toxic elements (i.e., Cu, Ni, Pb, Zr, Cr, As) on the diversity and taxonomic composition of foraminiferal assemblages. Nevertheless, foraminiferal diversity and dominance in the bay are related to sediment characteristics such as sediment grain size, and the amount of terrigenous inflow rather than to the element concentrations of sediments. This study evaluated ecological conditions by using the Foram-AMBi and EcoQS indices. The values of the Foram-AMBI index reflect the good to moderate quality of ecological conditions, whereas high to poor ecological statuses were interpreted by calculating EcoQS.
W trzyletnim doświadczeniu przeprowadzonym w latach 2001–2003 badano zawartość olejku eterycznego oraz garbników w owocach (nasionach) kilku odmian kopru ogrodowego, uprawianego w warunkach polowych. ...Nasiona wysiewano wprost do gruntu w trzeciej dekadzie kwietnia, natomiast zbiór na surowiec wykonywano, gdy baldachy pierwszego i drugiego rzędu zaczynały lekko brązowieć, tak aby nie dopuścić do ich osypywania, i dosuszano w warunkach naturalnych. Po zbiorze wyliczano plon owoców, który wynosił dla poszczególnych odmian od 0,99 do 1,07 t·ha–1. Zaobserwowano istotne różnice w zawartości zarówno olejku eterycznego, jak i garbników w owocach badanych odmian kopru w kolejnych latach badań.
In late 2013, Trinidad and Tobago Police Service (TTPS) conducted the first randomized experiment ever to test a hot spots patrol strategy (HSPS) across large areas, as distinct from testing extra ...patrols one hot spot at a time. The HSPS experiment required, and helped to refine, a formal theory of both the causes and effects of directed patrols in hot spots. This article presents an integrated theory of how to implement an HSPS in ways that maximize the preventive effects of patrol on crime. It then describes the HSPS experimental protocol used to test the theory in Trinidad. The key elements of HSPS are scaling up from specific hot spot locations to a district-wide focus on all its hot spots and feeding back to the constables who provide hot spots patrols data on what they have done and with what effect—presented every 2 weeks, at a district-level “COP-stat” meeting with the people actually doing the patrols.
The port cities of Trieste, Rijeka, and Koper all lie in the northern Adriatic, although in three different countries: Italy, Croatia, and Slovenia. The greatest advantage of this port city region is ...its geostrategic location: it connects Western Europe with the Danube region, the Balkans, Eastern Europe, and Asia Minor. This location is also the greatest threat to the region’s stability, for countries, cities, and ports are always struggling for political and economic dominance. This article first defines approaches to urban resilience and various forms of capacity and vulnerability. It then identifies the key factors in the three cities’ resilience or lack of it over two thousand years. Finally, it shows how these notions are visible in the more recent past and present of each port city.
PDF
