Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) include a subset of targets that can be advanced through standard urban management activities. In particular, routine urban vegetation management comprises a ...number of activities with potential impact on Goal #4 (quality education), #11 (sustainable cities and communities), #13 (protect the planet), #15 (life on land), and, perhaps less obviously, but equally important, on Goal #8 (good jobs and economic growth). This paper discusses how urban vegetation management can help achieve the SDGs at a local level. Drawing on a case study (Talavera de la Reina, Spain), it is shown that an intelligent approach to urban vegetation management can leverage resources towards the SDGs at little or no cost to municipalities. Minor modifications and conceptual changes in how standard practices are carried out can make a difference. Including this dimension can even result in a positive balance for the municipal budget. Our analyses and proposals are of broad and direct applicability for urban areas worldwide and can help city authorities and officials to align their cities with the SDGs simply by making minor adjustments to how they currently deal with urban vegetation.
Along with the rapid development of Chinas economy, the process of urbanization is constantly accelerated. The water supply and drainage engineering of municipal works is one of the most important ...components of the infrastructures in urban areas. Besides, the water supply and drainage design of municipal works is a very important link. Whether the water supply and drainage engineering of municipal works can be done well is of important significance and role in the construction of a good urban living environment. In the 21st century, it is necessary for urban construction to seek a sustainable development way, and promote the idea of energy conservation. This proposes higher requirement on the municipal water supply and drainage design. However, at present, there are still a lot of problems in the municipal water supply and drainage design. Therefore, the author carries out a study on the problems necessary to notice in the municipal water supply and drainage design.
On the background of more and more demands for the evaluation of municipal engineering projects, the benefits of municipal engineering are paid more and more attention, and, at present, the research ...focus in the field of engineering is more on the benefit of single index than comprehensive evaluation benefits, this paper puts forward the concept of "comprehensive benefit" evaluation of municipal engineering based on various indicators of comprehensive engineering benefits. This paper puts forward an evaluation model of comprehensive benefits of municipal projects based on triangular fuzzy number and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method, which can carry out post evaluation of comprehensive benefits of various municipal projects under various modes such as PPP, BT and BOT. Through example demonstration, it is proved that the evaluation model is scientific, practical and operable, which provides favorable engineering measures for the sustainable development of the city and the construction of a resource-saving and City friendly society.
Since the peak of the economic crisis, poverty reduction in Armenia has made limited progress, withpoverty rates moving from 34.1 percent in 2009 to 32 percent in 2013. This slow pace has been ...mirroredby the limited progress of the labor market (LM), particularly in terms of job-creation. In 2013, about 36percent of people worked in the agricultural sector, and about half of all workers earned wages throughinformal jobs.These conditions highlight the need to have a robust social protection (SP) system that not only offersadequate protection to people living in poverty but can also serve as a tool to increase the quality ofhuman capital, which in turn can help improve their economic opportunities. The government ofArmenia (GoA) has shown a clear interest in building its infrastructure to deliver SP services throughintegrated social service centers as a means to better harness its investment in SP. Its vision is toultimately implement an integrated social policy that personalizes interventions and tries to addressmultiple constraints that people face when trying to escape poverty— not only through the provision ofcash benefits.The objective of this policy note is twofold. First, it provides a diagnostic of the SP system in order toidentify the key issues that could be addressed to enhance its effectiveness and efficiency to achievegreater poverty reduction. Second, the note outlines a set of options—policies and reforms—for theGoA to consider as it continues to strengthen its poverty-reduction strategy. It is important to note thatthe focus of the report is on social assistance (SA) and LM policies for vulnerable groups. Other keyaspects of SP—such as pensions, labor regulations, or the functioning of the LM as a whole—are notaddressed in this report, and they have been the subject of extensive analysis elsewhere.
ABSTRACT Social policies, which have gained importance after Industrial Revolution have substantially changed in line with economic understanding. With global oil crisis in the 1970s, the process of ...transformation in which wealth state enter has also influenced wealth. This process of transformation which can be summarized as passage to free market economy by abandoning Keynesian economic policies, governments come to decentralize their non-fundamental duties to local administrations, private sector or non-governmental organizations. Together with social policy practices of central administrations, local administrations have come to the fore as fundamental social politic actors by moving with the times. The weight of local administrations in social policy systems can vary along countries and in recent years it is seen that municipalities in Turkey has started come to the fore with social policy practices. The concept of social policy is adopted in municipal work as social municipal work. In this context, with social data center project by the Konya Metropolitan Municipality a detailed investigation is carried out on the social fabric of the city. The project aims to inform every relief institution about any relief received in the system, to help those who are indeed need, to prevent repetitive aids and thus abuse, fairly distribute relief supplies, prevent waste of recourses by informing relief institutions to a maximum extend. In this study, the importance of data about social fabric needed to make optimal decisions in conduction of civic services and information obtained was analyzed.
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