The internet evolves rapidly as innovations in technology, applications and business emerge. In some cases, the changes have also given rise to the creation of centralised service deployment models ...and industry consolidation. This paper focuses on the question of how internet technology and open interfaces may affect the ability to deploy services in a collaborative fashion vs in a centralised fashion. The paper presents a categorisation of factors influencing these choices and discusses these factors in the context of several case studies. Some aspects of centralisation and consolidation are direct consequences of physics. A large organisation can provide a short round-trip time to users around the globe, due to service instances in many locations. Other aspects are due to economics. For instance, network effects cause the value of a service to grow per Metcalfe's law. But technology and deployment choices also have an effect. Federated, collaborative networks with open standardised interfaces (such as email) allow multiple service providers to interact with each other. Closed systems may not allow this. Many popular social networks fall in this category. While technology is not the main driving force behind what are often business and economic decisions, awareness of technology choices makes it easier to understand the likely impacts of a chosen model.
OCNI - Open Cloud Networking Interface Medhioub, Houssem; Msekni, Bilel; Zeghlache, Djamal
2013 22nd International Conference on Computer Communication and Networks (ICCCN),
2013-July
Conference Proceeding
This work presents an open cloud interface extension to merge cloud computing and networks into one modeling and representation framework to extend clouds beyond data centers and enable cloud ...networking to set up distributed cloud infrastructures. The proposed extension to the de facto standard interface in cloud computing (OCCI) is named Open Cloud Networking Interface (OCNI). OCNI is presented and evaluated in terms of its ability to integrate smoothly with existing cloud computing interfaces and to provide all the required capabilities to express connectivity requirements and ease connection establishment between cloud computing, network and storage nodes at the virtual and physical level irrespective of underlying transport technologies.
The closed design of the motion control system limits its use in multi-axis real-time industrial scenarios. In order to solve this problem, an open motion control system software framework based on ...Xenomai is designed. Following the principles of layered architecture and modular design, the control system employs a multi-tasking approach. It implements the functions of motion task path description, interpolation calculator, and kinematic solver in the motion control layer through open interfaces. Different types of devices are organized and managed by a device factory. Then, a motion control interface is designed to enable programmable motion control for different devices, and the operational workflow of the motion control system is discussed. Finally, experimental validation is carried out with CNC, SCARA robot, and six-axis industrial robot. The experimental results show that the open multi-axis motion control system based on Xenomai meets the requirements of smooth operation as well as high control accuracy, and has good versatility and scalability.
The Assessment of the Design Risk for ORAN Chen, Shiang-Jiun; Chang, YaHan; Raksasook, Nattapol ...
2023 International Conference on Consumer Electronics - Taiwan (ICCE-Taiwan),
2023-July-17
Conference Proceeding
The Open Radio Access Network (O-RAN) uses a virtualization architecture to disaggregate components and connect them through open interfaces, and also uses software defined networking (SDN) ...technology for decoupling. The O-RAN architecture is an innovative telecommunication architecture, which also brings some potential problems for security, including but not limited to the followings: new architecture (disaggregation, Real Time RAN intelligent controllers (Near-RT RIC), virtualization), the open interfaces (O1, A1, and E2, etc.), artificial intelligent and machine learning (AIML) workflow, and standardization issues. Facing the new structure, in addition to the original risks, new risks also need to be considered. "Secure in design" is imperative to mitigate the information security risks. This study will look at the risk assessment of O-RAN from the perspective of testing and do security analysis.
In this article we describe a demonstrator that shows how the cognitive resource manager (CRM) and the radio-environmental map (REM) can be efficiently implemented in full commercial grade cellular ...system (i.e., LTE system). The demonstrator shows how the modular CRM together with its open interface, the universal link-layer API (ULLA), facilitates the implementation of efficient radio resource management techniques guaranteeing the quality of service in the LTE system. The CRM, through ULLA, is able to obtain PHY/MAC status information of the link between the tested eNode B and the user equipment, and reconfigure link parameters. This measure-and-control by CRM/ULLA is independent of the underlying radio access technology, which shows the neutrality of CRM/ULLA towards PHY/MAC characteristics. The article also shows how the REM can be easily implemented in such system and how the REM provides the CRM with environmental information that enhances system management performance.
Quantum computing is posing new threats on our security infrastructure. This has triggered a new research field on quantum-safe methods, and those that rely on the application of quantum principles ...are commonly referred as quantum cryptography. The most mature development in the field of quantum cryptography is called Quantum Key Distribution (QKD). QKD is a key exchange primitive that can replace existing mechanisms that can become obsolete in the near future. Although QKD has reached a high level of maturity, there is still a long path for a mass market implementation. QKD shall overcome issues such as miniaturization, network integration and the reduction of production costs to make the technology affordable. In this direction, we foresee that QKD systems will evolve following the same path as other networking technologies, where systems will run on specific network cards, integrable in commodity chassis. This work describes part of our activity in the EU H2020 project CiViQ in which quantum technologies, as QKD systems or quantum random number generators (QRNG), will become a single network element that we define as Quantum Switch. This allows for quantum resources (keys or random numbers) to be provided as a service, while the different components are integrated to cooperate for providing the most random and secure bit streams. Furthermore, with the purpose of making our proposal closer to current networking technology, this work also proposes an abstraction logic for making our Quantum Switch suitable to become part of software-defined networking (SDN) architectures. The model fits in the architecture of the SDN quantum node architecture, that is being under standardization by the European Telecommunications Standards Institute. It permits to operate an entire quantum network using a logically centralized SDN controller, and quantum switches to generate and to forward key material and random numbers across the entire network. This scheme, demonstrated for the first time at the Madrid Quantum Network, will allow for a faster and seamless integration of quantum technologies in the telecommunications infrastructure.
The Open Domain-Specific Architecture Vinnakota, Bapiraju
Proceedings of the Eight Annual ACM International Conference on Nanoscale Computing and Communication,
09/2021
Conference Proceeding
Domain-specific architectures (DSAs) are expected to play an increasing role in hyperscale data centers and other applications. The Open Domain-Specific Architecture is an industry consortium that ...aims to enable chiplet-based designs for DSAs and a marketplace to source chiplets. The ODSA aims to build on recent growth in commercial chiplet-based products from major vendors. This paper reviews the significant activities in the ODSA - an open chiplet interface, open prototypes and workflows and open data for community learning. The paper concludes with a discussion on the readiness of open efforts to enable chiplet-based product development.
Control and optimization in smart energy systems rely heavily on mathematical models of power system engineers. Simultaneously, software engineers that create control and monitoring systems are faced ...with questions for designing appropriate system interfaces, such that different kinds of interaction schemes are supported. Often, the data specifications required by the interfaces are implicitly available within the mathematical models. Moreover, control and optimization schemes sometimes require data to be transferred to be able to operate. Despite these synergies, these tasks are generally treated separately. In this work, we aim to reduce the gap between those activities to facilitate the development of interactive and collaborative systems. We model a system consisting of multiple buildings and multiple energy networks to optimize their operation. We work with the model in a follow up step to create an industrially applicable interface that relies on the OPC UA communication protocol, which is widely used in industry and is easily integrated in modern SCADA systems. We finally demonstrate the application of the proposed approach using a co-simulation.
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