A condition called Oral Submucous Fibrosis (OSMF) primarily affects the Indian subcontinent. It is characterised by abnormal collagen deposition and fibrosis of submucosal tissue that progresses over ...time. Chewing betel nut is the most prevalent behaviour among Oral Submucous Fibrosis (OSMF) patients, with a 6.3% prevalence rate. Symptoms include ulceration, burning sensation, xerostomia, and limited mouth opening. According to the Brihatrayi (three main classical books), OSMF is associated with sarvasaramukharoga, or disorders of the oral cavity. Tobacco, lime, chilies, betel nuts, and other substances act as irritants and can damage the oral mucosa. Treatment methods include Gandusha (oil pulling), Pittashamaka, yoga, Nasya (nasal drops), Pratisarana (rubbing), etc. The present review was conducted to assess and evaluate the potential efficacy of Tulsi-turmeric oil pulling as a complementary or alternative therapy in managing OSMF
Oral health is critical for total body health and well-being; however, little improvement in oral health status has occurred in the U.S. over the past 20 years. Tooth decay and gum disease remain ...highly prevalent, with more than 90% and 50% of adults suffering from these conditions, respectively. To combat this lack of improvement, alternative approaches to dental care are now being suggested. One such alternative therapy is probiotics for oral care. In the oral cavity, probiotic strains have been shown to reduce levels of oral pathogens, inhibit the formation of dental caries, and reduce the levels of bacteria that cause halitosis. However, as the oral care probiotic market expands, many products contain bacterial species and strains with no documented health benefits leading to confusion and mistrust among consumers and clinicians. This confusion is enhanced by the regulatory status of probiotic products which puts the onus of safety and efficacy on the manufacturer rather than a central regulatory body. The overarching goal of this review is to provide consumers and clinicians with documented evidence supporting (or refuting) the health benefits of oral care probiotics marketed for sale in the United States. This includes defining what constitutes an oral care probiotic product and a strain level analysis of candidate probiotics from the genera Streptococcus, Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, and Bacillus. Additionally, prebiotics and postbiotics will be discussed. Finally, a set of considerations for consumers and clinicians is provided to empower probiotic product decision making. Together, this review will improve understanding of oral care probiotics marketed in the US for dental professionals and consumers.
Background & Aims: Due to the existing problems in providing services to the elderlies with special cares, the focus on the prevention of oral diseases in this group is of special importance. The ...aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of oral lesions in elderlies’ resident in Nursing homes of Urmia City, Iran in 2020. Materials & Methods: In the present descriptive cross-sectional study, 300 elderly people over 65 years were selected from 9 nursing homes in Urmia, Iran and finally 280 of them were included. Data were collected using examinations, and by searching medical records and conducting interviews. The necessary information about any systemic diseases and drug consumption were obtained and a questionnaire was completed. Finally, data were analyzed by relevant statistical tests using SPSS software version 19. Results: From 280 people participated in the study 90 (32.1%) were men and 190 (67.9%) were women. Among all participants, 122 (43.6%) reported at least one oral lesion, and there was a significant difference between women (49.5%) and men (31.1%) (P = 0.001). In this study, 10 different types of lesions were recorded, the most common of which were oral candidiasis (16.1%) and denture stomatitis (10.7%). There was no significant relationship between age and smoking with the frequency of oral lesions (p > 0.05). Conclusion: The results suggested that the prevalence of lesions in the elderly inhabiting in retirements homes is high especially in women. Therefore, regular oral screening of the people can play an important role in early diagnosis and prevention.
Marine resources are well recognized for their biologically active substances with great potential applications in the cosmeceutical industry. Among the different compounds with a marine origin, ...chitin and its deacetylated derivative-chitosan-are of great interest to the cosmeceutical industry due to their unique biological and technological properties. In this review, we explore the different functional roles of chitosan as a skin care and hair care ingredient, as an oral hygiene agent and as a carrier for active compounds, among others. The importance of the physico-chemical properties of the polymer in its use in cosmetics are particularly highlighted. Moreover, we analyse the market perspectives of this polymer and the presence in the market of chitosan-based products.
Background
The incidence of oral mucositis (any grade) after everolimus treatment is 58% in the general population and 81% in Asian patients. This study hypothesized that professional oral care (POC) ...before everolimus treatment could reduce the incidence of everolimus‐induced oral mucositis.
Materials and Methods
This randomized, multicenter, open‐label, phase III study evaluated the efficacy of POC in preventing everolimus‐induced mucositis. Patients were randomized into POC and control groups (1:1 ratio) and received everolimus with exemestane. Patients in the POC group underwent teeth surface cleaning, scaling, and tongue cleaning before everolimus initiation and continued to receive weekly POC throughout the 8‐week treatment period. Patients in the control group brushed their own teeth and gargled with 0.9% sodium chloride solution or water. The primary endpoint was the incidence of all grades of oral mucositis. We targeted acquisition of 200 patients with a 2‐sided type I error rate of 5% and 80% power to detect 25% risk reduction.
Results
Between March 2015 and December 2017, we enrolled 175 women from 31 institutions, of which five did not receive the protocol treatment and were excluded. Over the 8 weeks, the incidence of grade 1 oral mucositis was significantly different between the POC group (76.5%, 62 of 82 patients) and control group (89.7%, 78 of 87 patients; p = .034). The incidence of grade 2 (severe) oral mucositis was also significantly different between the POC group (34.6%, 28 of 82 patients) and control group (54%, 47 of 87 patients; p = .015). As a result of oral mucositis, 18 (22.0%) patients in the POC group and 28 (32.2%) in the control group had to undergo everolimus dose reduction.
Conclusion
POC reduced the incidence and severity of oral mucositis in patients receiving everolimus and exemestane. This might be considered as a treatment option of oral care for patients undergoing this treatment. Clinical trial identification number: NCT 02069093.
Implications for Practice
The Oral Care‐BC trial that prophylactically used professional oral care (POC), available worldwide, did not show a greater than 25% difference in mucositis. The 12% difference in grade 1 or higher mucositis and especially the ∼20% difference in grade 2 mucositis are likely clinically meaningful to patients. POC before treatment should be considered as a treatment option of oral care for postmenopausal patients who are receiving everolimus and exemestane for treatment of hormone receptor‐positive, HER2‐negative advanced breast cancer and metastatic breast cancer. However, POC was not adequate for prophylactic oral mucositis in these patients, and dexamethasone mouthwash prophylaxis is standard treatment before everolimus.
Oral mucositis is a clinically significant complication of mucotoxic cancer therapy. This article focuses on the effect of dental intervention, before everolimus treatment, on oral mucositis.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of the implementation of an Oral Care Program on home care nurses’ attitudes and knowledge about oral health (care) and the impact on older people’s ...oral health. A pre–post study, without a control group, was conducted. A preventive Oral Care Program (OCP) was designed, focusing on home care nurses and older people, in collaboration with dental hygienists. Implementation was measured with questionnaires at baseline and after 6 months for home care nurses; for older people, implementation was measured at baseline and after 3 months with the Oral Health Assessment Tool and a questionnaire about oral (self) care between January 2018 and September 2019. Although the study design has limitations, the oral health of older people improved significantly after 3 months and the OCP was most beneficial for people with full dentures. The OCP improved knowledge and attitude of home care nurses. The program fitted well with the daily work routines of home care nurses. Individual-centered care plans for older people, education of home care nurses and the expertise of the dental hygienists have added value in home care nursing. Future implementations should focus on older people with natural teeth.
Abstract
Objective
Oral care formulations aim to prevent oral diseases such as dental caries and gingivitis. Additionally, desire for white teeth still exists across all age groups. It is known that ...most whitening toothpastes are highly abrasive and can be harmful to teeth and gingiva. Therefore, a gel formulation with biomimetic hydroxyapatite (HAP; Ca
5
PO
4
3
OH) as active ingredient was developed. This formulation was tested with respect to its tooth whitening properties in an
in vitro
study.
Materials and Methods
Enamel samples were allocated to either group (a) HAP gel, (b) whitening mouth rinse with phosphates, or (c) negative control (distilled water). Test products were applied by finger (a) or were rinsed (b, c) for 1, 3, and 9 (b and c only) cycles, respectively.
Results
Color changes (ΔE) were measured spectrophotometrically. Group (a) showed a significant increase in color changes with respect to whitening after one cycle (mean ΔE = 5.4 ±2.66,
p
≤ 0.006) and three cycles (mean ΔE = 11.2 ±3.11,
p
< 0.0001) compared to groups (b) and (c). For group (b), a significant increase in color change was measured after three (mean ΔE = 2.77 ±1.01,
p
= 0.02) and nine cycles (mean ΔE = 3.27 ±1.61,
p
= 0.006) compared to (c). Group (c) showed only minor and statistically insignificant color changes.
Conclusion
This
in vitro
study demonstrated a significantly higher ad hoc whitening effect of the HAP gel compared to the mouth rinse and water after short-time application.
The relationship between overall health and the oral flora has become clear with the development of oral flora analysis using next‐generation sequencing. Although Illumina (San Diego, CA, USA) ...sequencers are widely used for oral flora analysis, their short‐read nature poses some limitations, such as the inability to distinguish closely related bacterial species. Recently developed, the nanopore sequencer offers rapidly improving sequencing accuracy. The technology can read the full 16S rRNA gene, which has the potential to provide higher resolution in oral flora analysis. In this study, we utilized Illumina and nanopore sequencing methods to analyze saliva and interdental flora from two healthy adults and compared the outcomes of oral flora analysis. QIIME2 pipeline was used for Illumina sequence reads, while EPI2ME or NanoCLUST was utilized for nanopore reads. There was disagreement between Illumina and nanopore in the results of the oral flora analysis. Certain species exhibited a significant bias in detection through one of the sequencing methods, likely as a result of differences in the amplified region of 16S rRNA and the PCR primer utilized. Our findings suggest that utilizing the nanopore sequencer offers benefits when detecting certain species. Furthermore, optimizing the primers used during PCR could improve detection of species underrepresented in the nanopore. (J Osaka Dent Univ 2024; 58: 295-303)
The aim of the present study was to clarify the concept of oral care in nursing practice at hospitals. A review of articles published between 1971 and 2020 was conducted using four databases: ...Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Ichushi-Web. The inclusion criteria were as follows: (a) published from 1971–2020 July, (b) having the keywords of “oral care” and “nurse” in titles or abstracts, and (c) describing the nursing practice of oral care for adult patients at hospitals. Concept analysis was based on Rodgers’ evolutionary method, and 39 articles selected from the relevant literature revealed the definition of oral care in nursing practice at hospitals. The attribute items were observation and assessment of the oral cavity, patient education, maintenance of oral hygiene, denture care, maintenance of moist oral condition, documentation, and promotion of multiprofessional collaboration. The items selected for antecedents were 5 items, such as nurses’ status and education training for nurses. The items selected for consequences were 7 items, such as prevention of microbial infection, prevention of oral complications, and maintenance of quality of life. Clarifying the concept of oral care in nursing practice at hospitals may facilitate nurses’ understanding; thus, effective strategic plans or programs to promote oral care by nurses can be further developed.
PDF
