Saltwater crocodiles (Crocodylusporosus) are known to leave their home range and to visit and eventually colonize offshore islands. Being good swimmers, coupled with an ability to go for a prolonged ...period without food, allows saltwater crocodiles to cover long open water voyages of 2000 km and more. Drawing on modern observations, historic data, and oral traditions, this paper compiles and critically examines all available evidence for vagrant crocodiles in the Pacific Ocean area. The modes of dispersal, as well as potential dispersal success, are discussed.
PurposeIn this paper, a call to the library and information science community to support documentation and conservation of cultural and biocultural heritage has been ...presentedDesign/methodology/approachBased in existing Literature, this proposal is generative and descriptive—rather than prescriptive—regarding precisely how libraries should collaborate to employ technical and ethical best practices to provide access to vital data, research and cultural narratives relating to climate.FindingsCOVID-19 and climate destruction signal urgent global challenges. Library best practices are positioned to respond to climate change. Literature indicates how libraries preserve, share and cross-link cultural and scientific knowledge. With wildfires, drought, flooding and other extreme or slow-onset weather events presenting dangers, it is imperative that libraries take joint action toward facilitating sustainable and open access to relevant information.Practical implicationsAn initiative could create an easily-accessible, open, linked, curated, secure and stakeholder-respectful database for global biocultural heritage—documenting traditional knowledge, local knowledge and climate adaptation traditions.Social implicationsOngoing stakeholder involvement from the outset should acknowledge preferences regarding whether or how much to share information. Ethical elements must be embedded from concept to granular access and metadata elements.Originality/valueRooted in the best practices and service orientation of library science, the proposal envisions a sustained response to a common global challenge. Stewardship would also broadly assist the global community by preserving and providing streamlined access to information of instrumental value to addressing climate change.
This article keeps on delving into the treatise entitled Malleus Maleficarum, written by the German inquisitors Institoris and Sprenger (following a previous research which developed a first foray ...into this text), as it is the cornerstone of the interpretation -or reinterpretation- of witchcraft in the late 15th century. As it was proved in our previous research, many exempla cataloged as fictional stories can be found in the Malleus. So, we can corroborate that this and other treaties and manuals for inquisitors can be used as raw material from which we can rescue dozens of fictional stories. On this occasion, we will complete our analysis on the 'Hammer of the Witches' from another perspective: the writing or rewriting of witchcraft that this book develops; the creation or recreation of a great story built from oral tradition, the confessions of the victims and those accused, and the intermediaries who gave this information to the authors.
This article examines the background to transformations in the traditional funeral rites of the Ga ethnic group of Accra, the capital city of Ghana. It finds that major changes in Ga customs and ...traditions began appearing in the late nineteenth century, when colonial authorities moved the capital of the then Gold Coast from Cape Coast to Accra, the core of the Ga traditional communities. Although important political, social, and economic changes were to be expected, customs and tradition, in particular, underwent considerable changes. This article, using qualitative, historical, and ethnographic methods, examines how factors associated with growth and modernization in Accra, especially after World War II, helped transform Ga cultural practices. It helps explain the importance of multidisciplinary research and contributes to studies in the interrelations of modernization, custom, and tradition.
Background:
Nursing documentation is an essential aspect of ethical nursing care. Lack of awareness of ethical dilemmas in nursing documentation may increase the risk of patient harm. Considering ...this, ethical dilemmas within nursing documentation need to be explored.
Aim:
To explore ethical dilemmas in nurses’ conversations about nursing documentation.
Research design, participants and context:
The study used a qualitative design. Participants were registered nurses from a Patient Hotel at a Danish University Hospital. Data were collected in three focus groups with a total of 12 participants. Data analysis consisted of qualitative content analysis inspired by Graneheim and Lundman.
Ethical consideration:
This study was conducted in accordance with the ethical principles of research and regulations in terms of confidentiality, anonymity and provision of informed consent.
Findings:
Ethical dilemmas were strongly present in nurses’ conversations about nursing documentation. These dilemmas were demonstrated in two themes: (1) a dilemma between respecting patients’ autonomy and not causing harm, which was visible in nurses’ navigation between written documentation and oral tradition, and (2) a dilemma concerning justice and fair distribution of goods, which was visible in nurses’ balancing between documenting deviations and proof of nursing practice.
Discussion:
Ethical dilemmas in nursing documentation regarding respecting patients’ autonomy and not causing harm accentuated discussions on professional responsibility and patient participation in clinical decisions. Dilemmas in justice and fair distribution of goods emphasised discussions on trust in relationships versus trust in electronic health records.
Conclusion:
Actual tendencies in the healthcare system may increase ethical dilemmas in nursing documentation. Sharing otherwise invisible and individual experiences of ethical dilemmas in nursing documentation among nurses, nurse leaders and decision-makers will enable addressing these in reflections and discussions as well as in considering adjustments of conditions for nursing documentation.
This article deals with a folk song known as 'The Life of a Sailor' existing in Portuguese and Brazilian oral tradition. In this song, a sailor complains about the trials of his life on board, mainly ...the fatiguing tasks he has to perform, for low pay. Although it has been collected in some inland areas, it seems this song was used mainly as a shanty. It was included also in a danced theatrical play about maritime subjects, performed by sailors or fishermen, which is now lost in Portugal but continues in Brazil. This article studies the relationships of this song with three other songs: 'The Life of a Nun', 'The Life of a Friar', and 'The Life of a Student'. It also shows the view of life at sea which 'The Life of a Sailor' conveys, far removed from the epic tone usually connected with navigation in the Portuguese imaginary.
The paper which attempts to locate the performing tradition of Mappila Ramayana prevalent in the Mappila Community of Malabar region in Kerala, in a context of a cultural grafting is presented. ...Mappila Ramayana is a version of the Ramayana that narrates the story of Ramayana in the Mappila Malayalam language, a version of Malayalam widely used in the Malabar region of Kerala. It is an oral tradition of the region which is also called Muslim Ramayana or Islamic Ramayana and predominantly popularized in the Vadakara region, now included in the Calicut district of Kerala. Mappila Malayalam which is also called Arabi-malayalam is an innovative language which is a Malayalam with Arabic script.
This essay utilizes Alfred Schutzs finite provinces of meaning to understand problems associated with the determination of cultural affiliation under the Native American Graves Protection and ...Repatriation Act (NAGPRA). Using their own ten-year experience with the NAGRPA consultation process, the author contends that by using multiple provinces of meaning to determine cultural affiliation, NAGPRA failed to adequately consider that by their distinctness, disputes between the oral tradition and science could not be easily resolved within the confines of either. Instead, a resolution would require a resort to yet a third province of meaning, that of the law, which by nature is more closely aligned with science than the oral tradition. As a result, NAGPRA claims made by native people based on the oral tradition found themselves at a distinct disadvantage.
Kutadgu Bilig ve Atebetü'l-Hakâyık'ın metin yayımlarındaki Arapça ve Farsça kelimeler, çağdaş Türkiye Türkçesindeki şekilleri esas alınarak çeviri yazıya aktarılmıştır. Bu sebeple 11. yüzyıldaki ...telaffuzlarını tam olarak yansıtmazlar. Bu çalışma, Arapça ve Farsça kelimelerin eserlerin yazıldığı dönemdeki muhtemel söylenişlerini değerlendirmeyi amaçlamaktadır. Türkiye Türkçesindeki gibi İslâmiyet'le irtibatı sözlü dilin dışında, edebÎ dil ile de sağlanan lehçelerde orijinal söylenişin korunduğu görülür. Arapça ve Farsça kelimelerin sözlü dille girdiği lehçelerde ise kelimelerin dilin ses özelliklerine göre forma sokulduğu anlaşılmaktadır. Türkiye Türkçesinde uyum dışında kalan Arapça ve Farsça kelimeler, bu sözcüklerin sözlü dil aracılığıyla girdiği lehçelerde uyuma girmektedir. Kutadgu Bilig ve Atebetü'l-Hakâyık'ta damak uyumu dışında ek alan Arapça ve Farsça kelimelerin telaffuzları hususunda eldeki veriler fikir vermekte fakat kesin söylenişleri belirlemeye imkân sağlamamaktadır. Kelimelerin bazılarının birkaç lehçede karşılığı olduğundan okunuşları konusunda destekleyici ses özellikleri yoktur. Kullanımı geniş olan Arapça ve Farsça kelimelerden bazılarının Kutadgu Bilig ve Atebetü'l- Hakâyık'ta kalın sıradan ek alıp bazı çağdaş lehçelerde damak uyumuna girdiği, bazılarında ise uyumun dışında kaldığı görülür. Kutadgu Bilig ve Atebetü'l-Hakâyık'ta kalın sıradan ek alan bazı kelimelerin lehçelerde kalın şekilde telaffuz edildiği bazılarının da ince sıradan damak uyumuna girdiği tespit edilmiştir.
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