Ringbarking, as a means of destroying trees, was known and practised from the earliest years of British settlement in New South Wales. The practice became controversial as it accelerated across the ...pastoral lands of the colony from the 1870s. This controversy was mainly the result of
fears that ringbarking, carried out speculatively by pastoral lessees, might defeat the object of the land settlement policy of the colony. Parliament responded by enacting legislation to regulate the ringbarking of trees on Crown lands, and in so doing provided a forum for the expression
of a wide range of contemporary attitudes towards deforestation. These ranged from the mundane questions of pasture improvement and timber destruction, to the loftier issue of climate deterioration. Examination of these attitudes, as expressed principally in the parliamentary debates in connection
with the Ringbarking on Crown Lands Regulation Act 1881, reveals the emergence in late-nineteenth century New South Wales of a vibrant conservation ethic. This opposed, albeit unequally, the environmental exploitation or 'development' ethic which continued for many decades thereafter to dominate
the relationship between nature and human culture in the colony.
The Spanish Parliament Lecours, André; Laforest, Guy
Parliaments of Autonomous Nations,
06/2016, Volume:
1
Book Chapter
The Cortes Generales is the legislature of Spain, established by the 1978 Constitution. It is a bicameral parliament consisting of the Congress of Deputies (350 MPS), regarded as the lower chamber, ...and the Senate, considered the upper house. Although some of its history as a modern parliament can be traced back to the Restoration period (Restauración, 1876–1923) or the II Republic, 1931–39 (unicameral), it could be considered a young parliament, adopted anew during the post-Franco transition. Regarding the Senate, Art. 69 of the 1978 Spanish Constitution establishes a mixed composition, characterized by two types of senators – constituency elected
On 29 August 2001, a group of people gathered in a pleasant but nondescript conference room in a pleasant but nondescript office building in the inner Canberra suburb of Barton to launch the ...operations of a new, government-funded but independent think tank, the Australian Strategic Policy Institute (ASPI). This was the first meeting of ASPI’s Board of Directors, or Council as it was decided they should be called. They were a moderately diverse and distinctly talented group of people, including several former cabinet ministers and other senior politicians, two currently serving heads of major Commonwealth departments, a former senior public
On 2 May 1997, on leaving Downing Street as Prime Minister for the last time, John Major observed that ‘when the curtain falls, it is time to get off the stage’. There could hardly have been a more ...appropriate metaphor for the theatre of modern British politics. Standing on Downing Street outside the famous black door of No. 10 – both of which have become props in a political stage-set which forms the back-drop for national political life – Major addressed an audience composed nominally of television cameras and newspaper reporters who were in fact the medium through which his
Harold Macmillan’s oratory is inextricably linked to his persona. His personality, style, oratory and rhetoric were each inter-connected and comprised his political craft. He was a self-conscious ...orator who critically analysed what he referred to as both the ‘matter and manner’ of his speeches. His education would have included Aristotle’s theories with its concepts of ethos, pathos and logos.
Macmillan sedulously cultivated his speaking style as an extension of his political personality. The image that he developed is linked to the ethos on which he traded. Many have referred to Macmillan’s acting and his insouciance. He acquired this ‘protective theatrical
Conclusion Crines, Andrew S
Labour orators from Bevan to Miliband,
05/2016
Book Chapter
The art of oratory is the power of successful persuasion. Through clarity of message, and awareness of the feelings of their audience, an orator can hope to elicit demonstrations of support from ...those they address, for example through applause. As such effective orators have three overarching considerations. They are 1) how they use their character and credibility to ensure the audience lends them their ears; 2) how they want to appeal to the emotions either through humour or other emotions; 3) and what logical premise they want to base their arguments on. These are the Aristotelian modes of persuasive rhetoric
This article uses a particular phenomenon of discourse, the occurrence of interruptions in Mexican parliamentary discourse over four decades, in order to raise some issues concerning discourse ...analysis as an interdisciplinary enterprise. Interruptions in this situation are forbidden by the rules of procedure, yet they are a regular occurrence, a systematic and rule-governed practice accepted by all participants, and this can be brought out by using a conversation analysis approach. However, in order to understand the full scope and function of the discursive rules at issue (who can interrupt whom, on what topic and with what overall effect) it is necessary to refer to the broader political and historical framework. In the case of Mexican parliamentary discourse it is argued that interruptions have a double function: to legitimate the pluralistic ideology of the Mexican regime in a strongly presidential system where one party has monopolized power throughout the period studied, and to allow and contain genuine disaffection. The article illustrates the different discursive features that typically correspond to these functions.
Ernest Pickering was one in a short and uneven but extremely absorbing line of Western writers, intellectuals and publicists who wrote or spoke up for Japanese interests at a time when to do so was ...seldom fashionable, sometimes worth their while, but often to no obvious personal advantage. In an earlier volume in this series Carmen Blacker discussed both Sir Francis T. Piggott and his son Major General Francis S.G. Piggott; in a subsequent volume Antony Best analysed the attitudes of the Japanophile Major General Piggott.¹ Close on the heels of Piggott, one could also include John William Robertson-Scott, whose
The fall of Oliver Cromwell's 15 major generals can be attributed to four factors. These include their widespread unpopularity among their constituents in the provinces, John Desborough's ...introduction of a bill that will make the decimation tax a permanent levy, Cromwell's inability to protect them and the MP's desire to get rid of the soldiers to make way for the return of the monarchy. The MP's took advantage of the situation to campaign against army rule and paved the way for King Oliver I's accession to the throne.
Prisoner enfranchisement remains one of the few contested electoral issues in twenty-first-century democracies. This chapter examines the politics of, and international jurisprudence on, prisoner ...enfranchisement. It considers jurisdictions where it has become a matter of legal quarrel and political debate. As outlined in the last chapter, the debate on prisoner enfranchisement is at the intersection of punishment and representative government, encompassing issues such as the purpose(s) of imprisonment, the nature of the social contract and the meaning of citizenship. In the political debates, the language used and the arguments put forward in favour of, or against, enfranchisement go beyond whether
